LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 




WYTHE'S 
DOSE AND SYMPTOM 

BOOK. 



.POTTEE'S MATEEIA MEDIOA, PHAEMAOT 
AND THEEAPEUTIOS. 

A. Most Complete and Concise Text-Booh. 

Materia Mediea, Pharmacy and Therapeutics— in- 
cluding the Physiological Action of Drugs, Special Therapeu- 
tics of Diseases, Official and Extemporaneous Pharmacy, etc. 
By Sam'l O. L. Potter, m.d., Prof, of the Practice of Medi- 
cine in Cooper Medical College, San Francisco, Late A. A. 
Surg., U. S. Army, Author of " Speech and its Defects," and the 
"Quiz-Compends" of Anatomy and Materia Mediea, etc. 

830 Pages. Cloth, $3.00; Leather, $3.50. 

This book contains many unique features of style and arrange- 
ment ; no time or trouble has been spared to make it most com- 
plete and yet concise in all its parts. It contains about 600 
prescriptions of practical worth, a great mass of facts conven- 
iently and concisely put together, also many tables, dose lists, 
diagnostic hints, etc., all rendering it the most complete 
physician's companion ever published. 

In detailing the Physiological Action of a leading drug, 
its characteristic qualities are first enumerated, then its action 
in an ordinary medicinal dose is described, next the effects pro- 
duced by small doses continued, and finally those from a toxic 
dose ; these being followed by a brief account of its antagonists 
and incompatibles, and a concise View of its therapeutical 
applications. 

The portion of the book devoted to Pharmacy has been 
written especially for the use of physicians who prepare their 
own prescriptions. 

Special Therapeutics is treated elaborately in the third 
part, each disease being taken up in alphabetical order, with 
directions for treatment, drugs indicated, with authority recom- 
mending them, and 600 valuable prescriptions. 

P. BLAKISTON, SON & CO., 1012 Walnut St., Philadelphia. 



THE 

PHYSICIAN'S 



DOSE AND SYMPTOM BOOK, 

CONTAINING 

THE DOSES AND USES 



THE PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF THE MATERIA MEDICA 

AND OFFICINAL PREPARATIONS, ARRANGED 

IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER; 



Table of Weights and Measures. I Preparations and Modes of Ad- 
Rules to Proportion the Doses of ministration. 



Medicine. 
Common Abbreviations used in 

Writing Prescriptions. 
Alphabetical List of Materia 

Medica. 



List of Incompatible^. 

Hints on Prescription-Writing. 

Table of Poisons and Antidotes. 

Hints on Treatment. 

Table of Symptoms. 



By JOSEPH H. WYTHE, M.D., 

PROF. OP HISTOLOGY AND MICROSCOPT, COOPER MEDICAL COLLEGE, 
SAN FRANCISCO; AUTHOR OF "THE MICROSCOPIST," ETC. 

SEVENTEENTH EDITION, 
COMPLETELY REWRITTEN AND ENLARGED. 5*>v 

( MAY 13 1887; 

PHILADELPHIA ; 

P. BLAKISTON, SON & CO., 

No. 1012 Walnut Street. 
1887. 



v^ %f 

Copyright, 1887, by P. Blakiston, Son & Co. 



PREFACE 

TO THE SEVENTEENTH EDITION. 



For more than a quarter of a century this com- 
pendium has proved its utility by its steady sale, 
notwithstanding imitations and analogous publica- 
tions. 

In the present edition the lists of medicines and 
of preparations have been rewritten, and the whole 
work revised so as to adapt it to the needs of students 
and busy practitioners and save the trouble of refer- 
ence to more elaborate works. T H W 

May 1st, 1887. 



CONTENTS. 



I. PAGE 

Tables of Weights and Measures, ... 5 
"Rules for reducing ordinary doses to metric 

measures, 6 

\ 
II. 

Rules to Proportion the Doses op Medicine, in- 
cluding Conditions of Age, Sex, Temperament, 
Habit, Climate, Stomach and Idiosyncrasy, . 7 

III. 

Abbreviations Used in Writing Prescriptions, . . 10 

IV. 

i 
Alphabetical List op Materia Medica, giving 

Accentuated, Officinal and Common Names, Chem- 
ical Composition, Solubility, Physiological and 
Therapeutical Action, Dose, Uses, and Principal 
Preparations, . . . * . . . .11 

V. 

Preparation and Modes op Administration, . 128 

vii 



Vlll CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

VI. 
List of Incompatibles, 177 

VII. 
Hints on Prescription-Writing, .... 191 

VIII. 
Poisons and Antidotes, 192 

IX. 
Hints on Treatment, arranged as an Index to 

Diseases, 197 

X. 

Table op Symptoms, 209 

(A) Topographical, 209 

(B) Physiological, . . . . . .214 



DOSE AND SYMPTOM BOOK. 



i. 

TABLE OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 



APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT. 

Pound. Ounces. Drachms. Scruples. Grains. 

lb 1 = 12 = 96 = 288 = 5760 

§ 1 == 8 = 24 = 480 

Z 1 = 3 = 60 

9 1= 20 



APOTHECARIES' OR WINE MEASURE. 

Gallon. Pints. Fuidounces. Fluidrachms. Minims. 

Cong. 1 = 8 = 128 = 1024 = 61440 

Ol =• 16 = 128 = 7680 

f g 1 = 8 = 480 

f g 1 = TT\, 60 

The drop of water is about equal to a minim, 60 
drops being equal to a fluidrachm. It is im- 



TABLE OF WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES. 

portant, however, to bear in mind that this is by 
no means the case with other fluids ; for example, 
a minim of the tinctures being about equal to two 
drops, or 120 drops to the fluidrachm. 



DOMESTIC MEASURES. 

A teacup is considered equal to 4 fluidounces. 

A wineglass " " 2 

A tablespoon " " J " 

A teaspoon " " 1 fluidrachm. 



To reduce ordinary doses to metric measures, Leonard 
advises the multiplication of grains or minims 
by 6J, giving centigrams ; drachms by 4, giving 
grams ; ounces by 32, giving grams. Fluidrachms 
multiplied by 4 gives cubic-centimetres. 



II. 

RULES TO PROPORTION THE DOSES OF MEDICINE. 



In prescribing, the following circumstances should 
always be kept in view : Age, Sex, Temperament, 
Habit, Climate, the Condition of the Stomach, and 
Idiosyncrasy. 

Age. — For an adult, suppose the dose to be one, or 
1 drachm. Under 1 year will require only y 1 ^, or 
5 grains. Under 2 years will require only $, or 
7 J grains. Under 3 years will require only ^, or 10 
grains. Under 4 years will require only J, or 
15 grains. Under 7 years will require only J, or 

1 scruple. Under 14 years will require only J, or 
J drachm. Under 20 years will require only f , or 

2 scruples. Above 21 years the full dose, 1 drachm. 
Above 65, the inverse gradation of the above. 

Opiates affect children more powerfully than adults, 

but children bear larger doses of calomel than 

adults. 
The following simple rule, given by Dr. Young, will 

be found very useful as a guide in prescribing for 

children : — 
For children under 12 years of age, the doses of most 
7 



8 RULES TO PROPORTION DOSES. 

medicines must be diminished in the proportion of 
the age to the age increased by 12 ; thus, at 2 years 

2 

I — viz. — — — - = \ : or, in other words, add the 
T 2 + 12 J 

age to 12, and divide the sum by the age, and the 

product will be the proportion of the dose to that 

of an adult. At 21, the full dose may be given. 

Sex. — Women require smaller doses than men ; they 
are more rapidly affected by purgatives than men, 
and the condition of the uterine system must never 
be overlooked. 

Temperament. — Stimulants and purgatives more 
readily affect the sanguine than the phlegmatic, 
and consequently the former require smaller 
doses. 

Habits. — The knowledge of habits is essential ; for 
persons in the habitual use of stimulants and nar- 
cotics, require larger doses to affect them when 
laboring under disease, while those who have 
habituated themselves to the use of saline purga- 
tives, are more easily affected by these remedies. 
Persons, however, who have habituated themselves 
to the use of opium, do not require larger doses 
than usual of other narcotics. 

Climate. — Medicines act differently on the same in- 
dividual in summer and in winter, and in different 
climates. Narcotics act more powerfully in hot 
than in cold climates, hence smaller doses are 



BULES TO PKOPORTION DOSES. 9 

required in the former ; but the reverse is the case 
with regard to calomel. 

Condition of the Stomach, and Idiosyn- 
crasy .—The least active remedies operate very vio- 
lently on some individuals, owing to a peculiarity 
of stomach, or rather disposition of body, uncon- 
nected with temperament. This state can be dis- 
covered only by accident or time ; but when it is 
known, it should always be attended to. 

In prescribing, the practitioner should always so 
regulate the intervals between the doses, that the 
next dose may be taken before the effect produced 
by the first is altogether effaced ; for, by not at- 
tending to this circumstance, the cure is always 
commencing, but never proceeding. It should, 
however, also be kept in mind, that some medicines, 
such as the mercurial salts, arsenic, etc., are apt to 
accumulate in the system ; and danger may thence 
arise, if the doses too rapidly succeed one another. 
The action, also, of some remedies, elaterium and 
digitalis, for example, continue long after the 
remedy is left off ; and, therefore, much caution is 
requisite in avoiding too powerful an effect, by a 
repetition of them, even in diminished doses. Aloes 
and castor oil acquire activity by continued use, 
so that the dose requires to be diminished. 



III. 

COMMON ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING 
PRESCRIPTIONS. 



Abbreviation. 


Latin. 


English. 


aa 


Ana. 


Of each. 


Ad lib. 


Ad libitum. 


At pleasure. 


Ad saturand.Ad saturandum. 


Until saturated. 


Aq. ferv. 


Aqua fervens. 


Hot water. 


Aq. tepid. 


Aqua tepida. 


Warm water. 


Chart. 


Chartula. 


A small paper. 


Coch. mag. 


Cochlear magnum 


. A tablespoonful. 


Coch. parv. 


Cochlear parvum. 


A teaspoonful. 


Colent. 


Colentur. 


Let them be strained. 


Collyr. 


Collyrium. 


An eyewater. 


Contus. 


Contusus. 


Bruised. 


F. vel ft. 


Fiat vel fiant. 


Let them be made. 


Fol. 


Folium vel folia. 


A leaf or leaves. 


Garg. 


Gargarisma. 


A gargle. 


Gtt. 


Gutta vel guttse. 


A drop or drops. 


Haust. 


Haustus. 


A draught. 


Infus. 


Infusis. 


An infusion. 


M. 


Misce. 


Mix. 


Mass. 


Massa. 


A mass. 


Mist. 


Mistura. 


A mixture. 


Pil. 


Pilula vel pilulse. 


A pill or pills. 


Pulv. 


Pulvis vel pulveres. A powder or powders. 


Q. s. 


Quantum sufficit. 


A sufficient quantity. 


R. 


Recipe. 


Take. 


Rad. 


Radix. 


A root. 


S. 


Sigria. 


Write. 


ss. 


Semis. 


The half. 


Tinct. 


Tinctura. 

10 


A tincture. 



IV. 
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MATERIA MEDICA. 



GIVING ACCENTUATED OFFICINAL AND COMMON 
NAMES, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, SOLUBILITY, 
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ACTION, DOSE, 
AND PRINCIPAL PREPARATIONS AND USES. 



[For List of Incompatibles, see Section VI, Page 177.] 
[Non-Officinal and new remedies marked *.] 

Absinthium. Wormwood. Leaves and tops of 
Artemisia Absinthium. 

Tonic, antispasmodic, anthelmintic. 

Use. In intermittents, dyspepsia, gont, hypo- 
chondriasis, dropsy, and epilepsy not depending 
on organic changes. Clysters of the decoction are 
useful in ascarides. 

Dose. BJto9ij. Ofinfusion(gjtoOj)fgj.-5ij. 
Aca / cia. Gum Arabic. Gum from A. vera, etc. 

Soluble in cold and boiling water, and dilute 
acids. Insoluble in alcohol, ether and oils. 

Demulcent, nutritious. i 

Use. In catarrh, pertussis, ardor urinae, etc. 
Mucilage of Gum Arabic is often employed as a 
vehicle for other substances. To render them mis- 
cible, oils require three-fourths of their own weight, 
balsams and spermaceti equal parts, resin two parts 
and musk five times its weight. 
11 



12 ACE 

Dose. In mucilage and decoction, ad libitum. 

Preparations. Mist. Amygdalae, Mist. Glycyrrh. 
Comp., Mist. Guaiaci, Mucilage Acacise, Pulv. 
Amygdal . Comp. , Pulv. Cretse Comp. , Pulv. Traga- 
canth. Comp., Syrupus Acacise. 
*A / cer Pennsylva'nicum. Striped Maple. 

Use. A decoction of bark has been used in 
cutaneous affections, and of leaves and twigs to re- 
lieve vomiting. 
*Acek / ates Decunib'ltjs. A plant of New Mexico. 

Used as specific in snake-bite. 
*Ac/etate of Aluminum. Al 2 (C 2 H 3 2 ) 3 . A 
disinfectant, like the Sulphate. A topical astrin- 
gent also. 
*Ac/et ate of Magnesium. Mg. (C 2 H 3 2 )2. 

Inferior, as a purgative, to the Citrate. 
Ace / tum. Yinegar. A dilute solution of Acetic 
Acid, containing foreign matters. 

As sugar in solution is converted into alcohol by 
the agency of a microscopic organism, the Torula 
Cerevisise or Yeast Plant, so diluted alcohol is 
changed into Acetic Acid by an analogous growth 
— the Mycoderma Aceti. 

The Anguillula Aceti, or vinegar eels, in cider 
vinegar, originate in apples, etc. 

Kefrigerant, diaphoretic, antiseptic, astringent ; 
externally, stimulant and discutient. 

Use. In febrile complaints and scorbutus ; vapor 
inhaled in putrid sore throats ; 'lotion in bruises, 
sprains and burns ; diluted for cleansing the eye 
from particles of lime. 

Dose, fgj to f^iv. 
Ace / tum Canthar'idis. Yinegar of Cantharides. 

§ij Cantharides in Acid. Acet. Oj. 

A prompt vesicant. 



ACI 13 

*Ace / tum Coi/chici. Vinegar of Colchicum. 
Colchicum root ^ j to Oj Dilute Acetic Acid. 
Diuretic. 

Use. In dropsy, gout, rheumatism and neuralgia. 
Dose, f^ss to f 3\j. 
Ace / tum Lobei/i^:. Vinegar of Lobelia. 
Lobelia £iv Acid. Aceticum Dil. Oij. 
Antispasmodic, expectorant, emetic. 
Dose. 30-60 drops as an antispasmodic ; f § ss as 
emetic. 
Ace / tum / pii. Vinegar of Opium. Black drop. 
A substitute for other opiates, when they produce 
headache, nausea, or nervous disorder. 

Dose. Before 1880, the officinal Acetum Opii 
was nearly double the strength of Laudanum ; it 
has now the same strength. Dose 10 to 15 drops. 
Ace / tum SANGUiNA / EiiE. Vinegar of Sanguinaria. 
Alterative, expectorant. 
Use. In cutaneous diseases, sore throat, etc. 
Dose. As emetic, fgiij-f^iv. As alterative 
and expectorant, 15 to 30 drops. 
Ace / tum Scill^:. Vinegar of Squill. 

Diuretic, expectorant, emetic ; in large doses 
purgative. 

Use. In dropsies, asthma and chronic catarrh. 
Dose. 15rr^ to f % j, in aromatic water. 
*Achille / a Millefc/lium. Yarrow. Milfoil. 
Mild aromatic astringent, and antispasmodic. 
Use. In flatulent colic, in intermittents, and as 
an emmenagogue. 

Dose. Infusion (§j to Oj), ad lib., — volatile oil, 
20 drops. Fl. Ext., ^ss-^j. 
Ac/idum Aceticum. Acetic Acid. H1 2 H 3 2 , with 
64 per cent, of water. 

Use. Applied to the nostrils in syncope, as- 
phyxia and headache ; destroys corns and warts. 



14 ACI 

*AC / IDUM ACE / TICUM Camphora'ttjm. Camphor- 
ated Acetic Acid. (Acid. Acet., f § x ; Camph., § j, 
reduced to powder by f gj Alcohol.) 

This pungent perfume, useful in fainting, etc., 

is a substitute for aromatic spirits of vinegar, best 

made by f % iss oil of rose geranium, 15tt\, of oil of 

cloves to f^iv Glacial Acetic Acid. 

Ac/idum Ace'ticum Dilu'tum. (1 part to 7 of 

water. ) 
Ac/idum Ace'ticum Glaciate. Glacial Acetic 
Acid — concentrated or nearly absolute Acetic Acid. 

The crude Acetic Acid, obtained by destructive 
distillation of wood, is called crude pyroligneous 
acid. 

Stimulant, antiseptic, rubefacient. 

Use. The crude acid (containing creasote) as an 
application to gangrenous ulcers, and for preserva- 
tion of animal food. The vapor as an excitant to 
the nostrils in syncope and headache. As a rube- 
facient, in croup, etc. As a caustic in warts, 
corns and cancers. 

Incompatible. Alkalies, earths and carbonates. 
Ac/idum Arsenic/sum. Arsenious Acid. As 2 3 . 

Transparent when first sublimed, but becoming 
opaque. 

Soluble slowly in 15 parts boiling water, spar- 
ingly in alcohol. 100 parts Glycerine dissolve 20 
parts. Freely dissolved by Hydrochloric Acid, the 
alkalies and their carbonates. . 

Violent irritant and escharotic ; alterative in 
minute doses. 

Arsenicalism shown by oedema, especially of face 
and eyelids, itching of skin and sickness of 
stomach. Sometimes a measly rash with catarrhal 
symptoms. 

Use. In cutaneous affections, chorea, hemicrania, 



ACI 15 

intermittent fever and neuralgia, rheumatic gout, 
scirrhus and cancer. 

Dose. Externally, as powder (1 part to 24 of 
Calomel) in noli me tangere, and as paste to destroy 
cancers. (A barbarous and dangerous practice in 
empirical hands. ) 

Average dose internally, £$ gr. 3 times a day. 

In poisoning by Arsenic, induce vomiting by the 
finger or sulphate of zinc, or use stomach-pump ; 
then give demulcents, as milk, white of eggs or 
flour and water. The main antidote is Ferric hy- 
drate, in a moist or pulpy state. (See Table of 
Poisons.) 

Prep. Liq. Acidi Arseniosi ; Liq. Arsenii et Hy- 

drarg. Iod. ; Liq. Potassii Arsenitis ; Sodii Arsenias. 

Ac/idum Benzo'icum. Benzoic Acid. HC 7 H 5 2 . 

Soluble in 200 parts cold and 24 parts boiling 
water, in Alcohol, fixed oils and alkaline solutions. 
100 parts Glycerine dissolve 10 parts. 

Stimulant, expectorant, powerful antiseptic. 

Use. In chronic bronchitis. Of service in genito- 
urinary diseases, and as a germicide to bacteria. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. 

Prep. Ammonii Benzoas ; Sodii Benzoas ; Tinct. 
Benzoini ; Tinct. Benz. Comp. ; Tinct. Opii Am- 
monii ; Tinct. Opii Camph. 
Ac/idum Bc/kicum. Boric or Boracic Acid. H 3 B0 3 . 

Soluble in 3 parts boiling and 25 parts cold water, 
in 6 parts cold and 5 of boiling Alcohol, and in 
volatile oils, and largely in heated glycerine. In- 
soluble in ether. 

Mild stimulant, detergent, germicide. 

Use. In chronic cystitis, diphtheria, and septic 
diseases. 

Dose. 30 grs. 

Lister's Boric Acid Ointment has one part each of 



16 ACI 

Boric Acid and white wax, and two parts each of 
oil of sweet almonds and paraffin. 
Ac/idum Caebazot'icum. Picric Acid. Trinitro- 
phenol. C 6 H 3 (N0 2 ) 3 0. 

Large doses poisonous. Of doubtful medical 
utility. 
Ac / idum Caeboi/icum. Carbolic Acid. Phenol. 
C 6 H 5 HO. 

Soluble in 20 to 33 parts of water, in Alcohol, 
Ether, Acetic Acid, Glycerine, and oils. 

Antiseptic, parasiticide, externally irritant and 
anaesthetic ; large doses internally, paralytic to the 
respiratory centres and heart. In small doses, 
sedative and antifermentative. 

Use. Chiefly in surgery as antiseptic. As lotion, 
gargle, etc. , in putrid and eruptive diseases. In- 
ternally for gastric and intestinal irritation. As a 
spray in the Atomizer for diseases of fauces, larynx 
and bronchial tubes. 

Dose. 1-2 drops, in menstruum, 3 or 4 times a 
day. 1-4 grs. to §j water, in Atomizer. 1 part 
in 40 acetic acid and 100 water, for itch and tetter. 
For burns, 1 part to 6 of olive oil, spread on lint. 
5-10 per cent, solution for instruments, etc. , during 
large operations. For ordinary disinfection, 1 to 
80 parts water of the impure acid. 

Prep. Ung. Acidi Carbol. ; Glycerinum Acidi 
Carbol. 
Ac/idum Caeboi/icum Ceu'dum. Crude Carbolic 
Acid. 

A useful local applicant in uterine catarrh. 
Ac/idum Cheo'micum. Chromic Acid. Cr0 3 . 

Explodes in contact with alcohol, glycerine, etc. 

Escharotic, disinfectant. 

Use. To destroy condylomata ; requires care. 



ACI 17 

Ac/idum Cit'rictjm. Citric Acid. H 3 C 6 H 5 7 ,H 2 0. 

Soluble in J its weight of cold water and \ its 
weight in boiling water. Soluble in Alcohol. In- 
soluble in Ether. 

Kefrigerant, antiseptic. 

Use. In febrile complaints and surgery. 

Dose. 5-30 grs. 

Prep. Ferri Citras ; Ferri et Amm. Citras ; Ferri 
et Quininge Citras ; Liq. Bismuth et Ammon. Citra- 
tis ; Liq. Ferri Citratis ; Liq. Ferri et Quininse 
Citratis ; Liq. Magnesii Citratis ; Liq. Potassii 
Citratis ; Lithii Citras ; Potassii Citras ; Syrupus 
Acidi Citrici. 
Ac'idum Gali/icum. Gallic Acid. HC 7 H 5 5 ,H20. 

Soluble in 100 parts cold and 3 parts boiling 
water ; in glycerine, 40 grs. to 3 j ; very soluble in 
alcohol and slightly in ether. 

Astringent, but less so than tannic acid. 

Use. Uterine and vesical hemorrhages, albumi- 
nuria and night sweats of phthisis. 

Dose. 5-15 grs. 
*Ac / idum Hydeiod / icum Diltj'ttjm. Dilute Hy- 
driodic Acid. 

Alterative, as iodine. 

Dose, f 5 ss 3 times a day, in barley-water, etc. 

Ac/idum Hydkobeom'icum Dilu / tum. Diluted 

Hydrobromic Acid. 10 per cent, of Hydrobromic 

Acid (H.Br.) and 90 of water. Sp. Grav., 1.077. 

Acts like bromide of potassium. 

Dose. f% ij in syrup, equivalent to 18 grs. of the 
bromide of potassium. 
Ac/idum Hydrochlo / eictjm. Hydrochloric Acid. 
(Aeidum Muriaticum.) Hydrochloric Acid, H.C1, 
and 68.1 water. Sp. Grav., 1.16. 

Tonic, refrigerant, antiseptic in small doses, irri- 
tant and corrosive in large ones. 
2 



18 ACI 

Use. Largely diluted, in low fevers, typhus and 
scarlatina, and gastrointestinal indigestion, com- 
bined with bitter tonics or pepsin. 

Dose. 5-10tt\, in bland fluid. 

Prep. Acid. Hydrochlor. Dil. ; Acid. Nitro-hydro- 
chlor. ; Aq. Chlori. ; Liq. Arsen. Chlor. ; Liq. Ferri 
Chlor. ; Liq. Zinci Chlor. 
Ac/idum Hydeochlo / kicum Dilu'tum. Dilute 
Hydrochloric Acid. 

6 parts Hydrochloric Acid to 13 of Distilled 
Water. Dilute mineral acids contain 10 per cent, 
of absolute acid. 

Dose. 15 to 30rr\, in water, etc. 
Ac/idum Hydrocyan'icum Dilu'tum. Dilute 
Hydrocyanic Acid. Prussic Acid. 2 per cent, of 
Absolute Acid. (H.C.N.) 

Hydrocyanic Acid is one of the most rapid and 
deadly poisons known, paralyzing respiratory 
centres and heart. Diluted, it is sedative, anodyne 
and antispasmodic. 

Use. In spasmodic cough, asthma, palpitation of 
heart and irritable stomach. 

Dose. 2-4 drops in syrup or gum water, at inter- 
vals of at least 2 hours. An overdose should be 
treated with stimulants and cold affusion. 
Ac/idum Lac/ttcum. 75 per cent. Lactic Acid 
(HC3H3O3) and 25 of water. 

Soluble in water, alcohol and ether. 

Use. In dyspepsia, especially combined with pep- 
sin. Locally applied, 1 part to 5 of menstruum, '■ 
to dissolve the false membrane in croup and diph- 
theria. 

Dose. f§ss in Oj water, daily. 
Ac/idum Ni'tricum Nitric Acid. 69.4 per cent, 
of absolute acid (HN0 3 ) and 30.6 of water. 

Tonic, antiseptic, antisyphilitic, escharotic. 



ACI 19 

Use. In intestinal indigestion with diarrhoea, 
chronic hepatitis, and as a lotion to ulcers. 

Dose. 5-15rr\, in f ^ iv water. 

Lotion, 12rr^ to Oj water. 

Prep. Acid. Nit. Dil. ; Ac. Nitro-hydrochloricum ; 
Ac. Nitro-hydrochl. Dil. ; Liq. Ferri Nitras ; Liq. 
Hydrarg. Nit.; Sp. iEth. Nitrosi; Ung. Hydrarg. 
Nit. 
Ac/idum Ni / teicum Dilu / tum. Dilute Nitric Acid. 
1 part to 6 of Distilled Water. 

Use. As a drink, diluted largely, in fevers of the 
typhoid kind ; in chronic affections of the liver, 
attended with a redundant and hasty formation of 
bile, and in dyspepsia. It is also very useful in 
the cure of old ulcerated legs. 

Dose. 10-20 drops, largely diluted. 
Ac/idum Ni'teo-hydeochlc/eicum. Nitro-hydro- 
chloric Acid. 4 parts Nitric, 15 parts Hydro- 
chloric. 

Stimulant, antiseptic, alterative. 

Use. In malignant scarlatina, chronic hepatitis, 
syphilis and oxaluria. 

Dose. 3-6 drops, well diluted, after meals. 

As foot-bath, f^vj to 3 gallons water. For 
sponging, dilute to the sourness of strong vinegar. 
Ac/idum Ni'teo-hydeochlc/eicum Dilu'tum. Di- 
lute Nitro-hydrochloric Acid. Nit. Acid 4 parts, 
Hydrochloric 15 parts, Water 76 parts. 

Dose. 10-20rr\,, properly diluted. 
Ac/idum Ole / icum. Oleic Acid. HC x 8 H 3 8 O 2 . 

Insoluble in water. Soluble in alcohol, turpen- 
tine and oils. 

Use. In preparation of Oleates ; elegant substi- 
tute for ointments. 
Ac/idum Oxai/icum. Oxalic Acid, H 2 C 2 4 ,2H 2 0. 

Soluble in 9 times its weight of cold and in its 



20 aci 

weight of boiling water, moderately soluble in 
alcohol, and with difficulty in ether. 

A violent and rapid poison; not used in medicine; 
a test for lime. 
Ac/idum Phosphoe / icum. Phosphoric Acid. 

(H 3 P0 4 ) 50 per cent., and same of water. 
Ac/idum Phosphoe / icum Dilu / tum. Dilute Phos- 
phoric Acid. 20 parts to 80 of water. 

Tonic, refrigerant. 

Use. In dyspepsia, hysteria, diabetes, etc 

Dose. 20 drops to f £j, largely diluted. 
Ac/idum Salicyi/icum. Salicylic Acid. HC 7 H 5 3 . 

Soluble in 600 parts cold water and 150 parts 
boiling water, in Alcohol 1 in 2, Ether 1 in 5 ; 
carefully-heated Glycerine dissolves 1 part in 
50. 

Antiseptic, germicide, antifermentative, anti- 
pyretic. 

Use. In antiseptic surgery ; to reduce temperature 
and promote perspiration in fevers; in rheumatism 
and gout. 

Dose. %j in 24 hours. Some use larger doses. 
Salicylate of Sodium 15 grs. 4 or 5 times a day, is 
a better form of administering. 

Ac/idum Sulphu'eicum. Sulphuric Acid. H 2 S0 4 . 
96 per cent, and 4 of water. 

Use. In local pains, in the form of an ointment 
made of lard §j ; sulphuric acid^j ; and in scabies 
with 5 ss of the acid to the lard g j. 
Ac/idum Sulphu / eicum Aeomat'icum. Aromatic 
Sulphuric Acid. Elixir of Vitriol. 

Tonic, astringent. An agreeable form of Sulph. 
Acid for administration. 

Use. In dyspepsia, night sweats, etc. 
Dose. 10-30 drops in a wineglass of water. 



ACI 21 

Ac'idum Sulphu / eicum Dilu / tum. Dilute Sul- 
phuric Acid. 1 part to 9 of water. 

Tonic, refrigerant, astringent. 

Use. In typhoid fever, passive hemorrhages and 
diarrhoea. 

Dose. 10-30 drops in water, or infusion of 
chinchona, through a glass tube or quill to protect 
the teeth. 
Ac'idum Sulphuro'sum. Sulphurous Acid. (S0 2 .) . 
3.5 and 96.5 water. 

Germicide, antifermentative. 

Use. Externally, in parasitic affections of scalp 
or skin, diluted with two or three parts water or 
glycerine. Internally, for pyrosis and sarcinse 
ventriculi, but sulphite of sodium is better. 

Dose, f.^j, largely diluted. 
Ac/idum Tan / nicum. Tannic Acid. Tannin. 
C14H10O9. 

Soluble in 6 parts and . 6 part of alcohol ; very 
soluble in boiling water and alcohol, and in 6 parts 
of glycerine. Insoluble in ether. 

Chief principle of vegetable astringents. 

Use. In active hemorrhages, diarrhoea, etc. 

Dose. 2-4 grs. every 3 hours. Externally, the 
Glycerite of Tannin is very astringent ( § ij Tannin 
in Oss Glycerine, dissolved by gentle heat). 

Prep. Collodium Stypticum; Trochisci Acidi 
Tannici; Ung. Acid. Tan. 
Ac/idum Tartae/icum. Tartaric acid. H 2 C 4 H 4 8 . 

Soluble in 0.7 parts of water, 2.5 parts alcohol, 
0.5 of boiling water, 0.2 boiling alcohol, and 23 
parts ether. 

Refrigerant, antiseptic. 

Use. In fevers, inflammation and scurvy. 

Dose. 10 grs. to ^ss, dissolved in water.- 35 
grs. with 40 bicarbonate of sodium forms a good 



22 ACI 

effervescing powder. Dose, a teaspoonful in a 
tumbler of water. 

Prep. Ferri et Ammon. Tart. ; Pulv. Effervescens 
Comp. 
^Ac/idum Valekian'icum. Valerianic Acid. 

Soluble in 30 parts cold water, in alcohol and 
ether. 

Use. In nervous affections less satisfactory than 
valerian. 

Dose. Same as in oil of valerian. 
Aconi'tia. Aconitine. An alkaloid of A. Napellus. 

Soluble in 150 parts cold and 50 of boiling water, 
in alcohol, ether and chloroform. 

Uncertain and powerful agent. 

Use. External counter-irritant in some neural- 
gias, etc. 

Dose. 1 gr. to f 3 j alcohol, or 2 grs. to 3 j lard, 
for external use. 
Aconi / tum. Aconite. Aconitum Napellus. 

Depressant to sensory nerves and heart. Pro- 
duces heat, tingling and numbness applied locally. 

Use. Topically, in neuralgia and rheumatism. 
Internally, in sthenic fevers. Has been called the 
1 i therapeutic lancet. ' ' 

Dose. 1 gr. of powdered leaves; J gr. to 1 gr. of 
extract ; tincture of leaves, 20-30 drops; tincture 
of root, 3-5 drops. 

Prep. Abstractum Aconiti ; Emplast. Aconiti; 
Extract. Aeon.; Ext. Aeon. FL; Tinct. Aeon. 
4f AcT^ / A Spicata. Baneberry. Herb Christopher. 
(Varieties A. alba and A. ruba. White and red 
cohosh. ) 

Eoot purgative and emetic. 
*Adansc/nia Digita'ta. Boobab. 

Mucilaginous, diaphoretic. 

Use. In the West Indies in miasmatic diseases. 



MT 23 

Dose. Decoction of bark and leaves §j to Oiss, 
boiled to Oj , taken in a day. 
A / deps. Lard. 

Emollient. Usefnl in cerates and ointments. 
A'deps Bexzoixa'tus. Benzoinated lard. 2 parts 
Benzoin to 100 of lard. 

Preserves lard from rancidity. Slightly stimu- 
lant. 
*Adiax / ttjm Peda / tum. Maiden hair. 

An indigenous fern, bitter, aromatic; used in 
France, in infusion and syrup, for pectoral affec- 
tions. 
^'sculus Hippocasta'xum. Horse Chestnut. 
The fixed oil, extracted from the kernels by 
ether, has been used in France as topical remedy 
in rheumatism, and the bark as antiperiodic, in 
doses of i oz. in 24 hours, in form of decoction. 
Esculin, in 15 gr. doses, repeated once in the inter- 
mission, has been used in malarious disorders. 
jE. Pavia, or Eed Buckeye, is said to be analogous 
poison to strychnine. 
iE'THER. Ether. Sulphuric Ether. 74 per cent, of 
Ethyl Oxide (C 2 H 5 ) 2 0, and 26 of alcohol contain- 
ing a little water. 

Used most externally. 

Jj/THER ACE'TTCUS. 

Stimulant and antispasmodic. 
Dose. 15-30 drops, diluted. 
.E'ther Foe / tior. Stronger Ether. (C 2 H 5 ) 2 0. 
Ethyl Oxide 94 per cent, and 6 per cent, alcohol. 

Anaesthetic, narcotic, diffusible stimulant, re- 
frigerant by evaporation. 

Use. Chiefly for anaesthesia by inhalation. In- 
ternally, in flatulent colic, etc. 

Dose. 20 drops to f^j, in capsules, or pearls, or 
floating on ice water. 



24 AGA 

^Etherization may be produced by inhalation 
through a soft sponge, or cone of paper, etc. The 
respiration should be watched, and, if very slow 
or irregular, inhalation should be suspended. 
The pulse also should be attended to. 
^Agar'ic. Spunk. Touchwood. Tinder. (Pro- 
duct of a fungus. Boletus laricis. ) 

That of the larch is said to be cathartic, that of 
the oak styptic. 
*Agar'icus Musca'rius. Fly fungus. 

Used by the Tartars as an intoxicant. 
*Ag / ave America'na. American aloe. 
Laxative, diuretic, emmenagogue. 
Dose, f g j— f 3 ij, 3 times a day. 
*Agrimo'nia Eupato'ria. Agrimony. 
Astringent. 

Use. In passive hemorrhages, etc. 
Dose. ^ j of the powder. 

*AlLAN / THUS GLANDULO'SA. 

Used as vermifuge in tape- worm. 

Dose. 8-30 grs. of powdered bark. 
*Aju / ga Chaivob/pitys. Ground pine. 

Stimulant, balsamic, diuretic, aperient. 

Dose, gj-^ij in wine. 
*Akaz 7 ga. Boundou. 

An African ordeal poison, similar to Nux 
Vomica. 
* Albuminate of Ikon. Ferri ATbuminas. 

Preferred by some to other iron compounds. 

Dose. 20-30 grs. in aqueous solution, pill, etc. 
^Albu'minate of Iron and Potassium, Syrup of. 

Each f ^ j contains 6 grs. sesquioxide of iron. 
*Albu 7 minate of Iron and Sodium. 

Each f ^ j contains 4 grs. of albuminate. 
*Alchemii/la Yulga / ris. Ladies' mantle. 

Astringent. Used in diarrhoea. 



ALC 25 

Ai/cohol. Alcohol. 91 per cent, (weight) of Ethyl 

Alcohol. C 2 H 5 HO and 9 of water. 
Ai/cohol Amyi/icum. Fusel oil. Amy lie Alcohol. 
CsHnHO. 

Sparingly soluble in water. Soluble in alcohol, 
ether and oils. 

An irritant poison, the product of continued dis- 
tillation of fermented grain. 
Ai/cohol Diltj'tum. 45.5 per cent, (weight) of 
Ethyl Alcohol and 54.5 of water. 

Produced by fermentation of saccharine solu- 
tions, by means of a microscopic vegetable, the 
Torula cerevisix. Obtained from vinous liquors by 
distillation. 

Powerful and diffusible stimulant; sedative. 

Seldom used, undiluted, internally, but in the 
form of ardent spirits of commerce (generally about 
.50 per cent. Alcohol). May be of advantage, used 
diluted, in debility and low fevers. 

The use of alcohol in medicine has been wisely 
diminished in late years, since it often produces an 
artificial appetite not easily overcome. The nervous 
symptoms produced by it show its direct and power- 
ful influence upon the nerve centres. It is at first 
stimulant, and after large doses depressant. The 
phenomena of intoxication are due to a loss of 
voluntary control over the nerve centres. In de- 
pressed states the system tolerates more than in 
health. Alcohol checks tissue waste in general. 
Ai/cohol Methyi/ic. Spiritus Pyroxilicus. Wood 
Naphtha. 

Used in arts, etc., as cheap substitute for alcohol. 
*Alcorno / que. 

Astringent febrifuge bark from South America. 

Dose. 30 grs. of powder. 



26 ALE 

*Ale / teis. A. farinosa. Star-grass. Unicorn root. 
Bitter tonic, stomachic, cathartic. 
Use. In rhenmatism and dropsy. 
Dose. lOgrs. ; of Fl. Ext., f 3 ss-f 3 j ; of Tincture, 

^Aleuei'tis Teilo / ba. A tropical plant whose oil 
has been proposed as substitute for Castor oil. 
Known in Jamaica as Spanish Walnut oil, and in 
the Sandwich Islands as Kukui oil. 
*Alis / ma Planta'go. Water plantain. 

Leaves are rubefacient. Koot has been used in 
epilepsy, chorea and hydrophobia, in doses of 
powder from 10 grains upward. 
*Ai/kanet. Eoot of Anchusa tinetoria. 

A coloring material. 
^Allia'eia Officinalis. Hedge garlic. 

Diuretic, diaphoretic, expectorant. 
Allium. Garlic. A. sativum. 

General stimulant, diuretic, expectorant. 
Use. In flatulence, chronic catarrh, etc. 
Dose. Of juice, f£ss. 
Prep. Syr. Allii. 
*Al / nus. Alder. 
Astringent. 

Use. In scrofula, secondary syphilis, etc. 
Dose, f 3 j of Fl. Ext. 
Al / oe. Aloes. A. Socotrina. Active principle is 
Aloin. 

Stimulating cathartic, acting chiefly on the large 
intestines ; emmenagogue, anthelmintic. 

Use. In jaundice, ascarides and amenorrhcea. 
Dose. As emmenagogue, 1-2 grs. 3 times a day; 
as cathartic, 2-15 grs. 

Prep. Aloe Purificata ; Ext. Aloes Aquosum. 
Al'oe Pueificata. Purified Aloes. 

Prep. Pil. Aloes; Pil. Aloes et Assafoet. ; Pil. 



ALU 27 

Aloes et Ferri; Pil. Aloes et Mastiches; Pil. Aloes 
et Myrrhse; Tinct. Aloes; Tinct. Aloes et Myrrhse; 
Vinum. Aloes; Ext. Colocynth. Comp. 
Alth^/a. Althaea. Marshmallow. Root of A. 
Officinalis. 

Emollient, demulcent. 

Use. In pulmonary and intestinal affections, 
calculus and ardor urinse; externally, in fomenta- 
tions, etc. 

Prep. Syrupus Althseae. 
Alu'men. Alum. K 2 A1 2 (S0 4 ) 4 24H 2 0. 

Soluble in 15 times its weight of cold, and J its 
weight of boiling water. Insoluble in alcohol. 
100 parts glycerine dissolve 40 parts. 

Astringent ; in large doses emetic. 

Use. In painter's colic, gastrorrhosa and pseudo- 
membranous croup. Externally, in ophthalmia, 
leucorrhoea, etc. 

Dose. 10-20 grs., powder, or a wineglassful of 
whey, made by boiling % ij alum in a pint of milk 
and straining; as collyrium, 4-8 grs. to f ^ j water, 
or white of egg coagulated by rubbing with a lump 
of alum; as gargle, §ss-§j in Oj water, sweet- 
ened with honey ; as emetic in croup, a teaspoon- 
ful in molasses. 

WicJcersheimer preserving fluid is made with alum 
100 grammes, sodium chloride 25 grammes, potas- 
sium nitrate 12 grammes, potassium carbonate 60 
grammes, arsenious acid 10 grammes, dissolved in 
3000 grammes (3 litres) boiling water, cooled, 
filtered, and 4 litres of glycerine and 1 litre of 
wood naphtha added. 

Prep. Al. Exsiccatum. 
Alu'men Exsicca / tum. Dried Alum. K 2 A1 2 (S0 4 ) 4 . 

Irritant, esoharotic. 

Use. To destroy exuberant granulations. 



28 ALU 

Alumin'ii Hy'dras. Hydrate of Aluminium. 
Al 2 (HO) 6 . 

A feebly astringent powder. 
Alumin'ii Sul / phas. Sulphate of Aluminium. 

A1 2 (S0 4 ) 3 . 

Soluble in 1.2 parts water, and very soluble in 
boiling water. Nearly insoluble in alcohol. 

Antiseptic, astringent. 

Use. In fetid vaginal discharges, ulcers, etc. 

Dose. In solution (^ijss-gvj) ; for injection of 
cadavers a pound to the quart, but is inferior to 
chloride of zinc. 
^Amaran'thus. Prince's Feather. 

Leaves astringent. 
^Am'beegris. 

Antispasmodic. 

Dose. 5 grs. to £j. 
*Ambro 7 sia Tei / fida. Eagweed. 

Astringent, tonic. 
Ammonia'cum. Gum Ammoniac. 

Partly soluble in water, alcohol, vinegar and 
alkaline solutions. A milky emulsion when tritu- 
rated with water, which becomes clear on standing. 
The transparent alcoholic solution becomes milky 
on adding water. 

Stimulant, expectorant ; in large doses ca- 
thartic. 

Use. Chronic catarrh, asthma, etc. 

Prep. Emplast. Ammoniaci ; Mist. Ammoniaci. 
Ammc/nii Ben'zoas. Benzoate of Ammonium. 
NH 4 C 7 H 5 2 . 

Soluble in water and alcohol. 

Slightly stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. In gouty affections. • 

Dose. 10-30 grs. 



AMM 29 

Ammo'nii Bromi'dum. Bromide of Ammonium. 
NH 4 Br. 

Soluble in 1.5 parts water and 150 parts alcohol, 
.7 parts boiling water, 15 parts boiling alcohol and 
sparingly in ether. 

Less depressing than bromide of potassium. 

Dose. 3J-3ij a day, in dilute solution. 
Ammo'nti Carbo'nas. Carbonate of Ammonium. 
NH 4 HC0 3 .NH 4 NH 2 C0 2 

Soluble in 4 times its weight of water and abun- 
dantly in alcohol. 100 parts glycerine dissolve 20 
parts. Boiling water decomposes it. 

Externally irritant ; internally, a cardiac and 
respiratory stimulant. 

Use. In debility, bronchitis, etc. 

Dose. 5 grs. in mixture, repeated every two 
hours. Too irritant in powder or pill. Smelling 
salts are made by coarsely bruising and adding J 
its bulk of strong Aq. Ammon., scented with 01. 
Lavend., 01. Caryoph., 01. Bergamii, etc. For 
effervescing draughts, 20 grs. of Carb. Ammon. re- 
quire f^vj of lemon juice, 24 grs. Citric Acid, or 
25J grs. Tartaric Acid. 
Ammo'nii Chlo'bidum. Chloride of Ammonium. 
NH 4 C1. 

Soluble in 3 parts cold and 1.37 of boiling water, 
sparingly in alcohol. 100 parts glycerine dissolve 
20. To powder it, granulation must first be effected 
by stirring a saturated boiling solution till cold. 

Stimulant, diuretic, expectorant. 

Use. In bronchitis and catarrhal pneumonia, 
chronic disease of liver and obscure nervous affec- 
tions ; externally, for bruises and indolent tumors. 

Dose. Expectorant, 5-10 grs. , every 2 hours, in 
sweetened mucilage; externally, §j in f§ix of 
water and f 3 j of alcohol. Injection in leucorrhoea, 



30 AMM 

e tc, 3J~3 1V to Qj. Inhaled in chronic catarrh in 
vapor or spray. 

Prep. Trochisci Amm. Chlor. 
Ammo'nii Ni'tbas. Nitrate of Ammonium. NH 4 
N0 3 . 

Soluble in 5 parts water and 20 of alcohol; very- 
soluble in boiling water and 3 parts boiling 
alcohol. 

Used chiefly for preparing nitrous oxide gas. 
Ammc/nii Phos'phas. Phosphate of Ammonium. 
(NH 4 ) 2 HP0 4 . 

Soluble in 4 parts cold and .5 boiling water. In- 
soluble in alcohol. 

Use. In chronic gout and rheumatism. 
Dose. 10-40 grs. 3 or 4 times a day. 
Ammc/nii Sulphas. Sulphate of Ammonium. 

(NH 4 )S0 4 . 
Ammc/nii Valeeia / nas. Valerianate of Ammo- 
nium. NH 4 C 5 H 9 2 . 

Very soluble in water and alcohol. 
Stimulant, antispasmodic. 
Use. In neuralgia, hysteria, chorea, etc. 
Dose. 2-8 grs. 
*Ammon / iated Ibon. Ferrum Ammoniatum. 
Aperient, chalybeate. 
Use. In amenorrhcea, scrofula, etc. 
Dose. 4-12 grs. 

Incomp. Vegetable astringents. 
Ammo'nium Iod'ldum. Iodide of Ammonium. 
NH 4 L 

Very soluble in water and alcohol. 
Resolvent, like Iodine. 

Use. In secondary syphilis, glandular swellings, 
etc. 

Dose. 1-3 grs. ; gss in §j glycerine as applica- 
tion to enlarged tonsils. 



ANA 31 

*Ampelop / sis Quinquefoi/ia. Virginia Creeper. 
Alterative, tonic, expectorant. 
Used in decoction or infusion. 
Amyg / dala Ama'ra. Bitter Almond. 
Amyg'dala Dui/cis. Sweet Almond. 
Demulcent; the bitter is sedative. 
Use. In inflammatory complaints; and as a vehi- 
cle for more active remedies. 

Prep. Mist. Amygdalae; Syrupus Amygdalae. 
A'myl Niseis. Nitrite of Amyl. CsHj !NO a . 
Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol and ether; 
volatile. 

Cardiac stimulant, depressant on spinal centres. 
Use. In spasmodic diseases, as angina pectoris, 
asthma, and in the first stage of epilepsy, etc. 

Dose. Inhalation of 3-5 drops or more. Con- 
veniently prepared in thin glass pearls. 
*Amyi/ amine Hydrochlo'rate. C 5 H 13 N.HC1. 
Lowers temperature and pulse. Large doses 
poisonous. 

Dose. 7-15 grs. 
Am'ylum. Starch. C 6 H 10 O 5 . 

Insoluble in cold water, alcohol and ether ; solu- 
ble in boiling water. 
Demulcent, nutritive. 

Use. As enema in dysentery and tenesmus, and 
a vehicle for giving opium per anum. 

Prep. Amylum Iodatum; Glyceritum Amyli. 
Am'ylum Ioda'tum. Iodized Starch. 

Use. For administering large quantities of iodine 
without local irritation. 

Dose. A heaped teaspoonful to a tablespoonful 
in water-gruel, 3 times a day. 
*Anacar / dium Occidental. Cashew nut. 
Juice used for corns and indelible ink. 



32 ANA 

*AnAGAI/lis Akven'sis. Scarlet Pimpernel. 

Uncertain antidote to hydrophobia. 
*Anchu / sa Offic/inalis. Bngloss. 

Used in France as Borage. 
*Androm / eda Arbo'rea. Sorrel tree. 

Leaves used as refrigerant decoction in fevers, 
etc. 
*An / ethum. Dill. A. graveolens. 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In flatulent colic in infants. 

Dose. 10 grs. to 3 j ; of oil, 3-4 drops. 
*Angei/ica. Masterwort. 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In flatulence. 

Dose. 10 grs.-^j. 
*Angrje/cum Fra'grans. 

Similar in effect to Chinese tea. 

Dose. 15 grs. in a teacupful of water, and boiled 
for 10 minutes. 
*An / ilin. C 6 H 5 NH 2 . An organic base derived 
from coal tar, chiefly used in the formation of color- 
ing materials, many of which are irritants, and 
poisonous. 

The sulphate, in doses of 1-3 grs., has been used 
in chorea and epilepsy. 
Ani'sum. Anise. 

Carminative. 

Use. In flatulence. 

Dose. 10 grs.- 3 j, bruised or infusion, etc. 
*Annot / ta. 

Used principally as coloring matter. 
*Antenna / ria Margarita'cea. Life everlasting. 

Leaves astringent and expectorant. 
An / themis. Chamomile. 

Mild tonic ; warm infusion emetic. 

Use. In intermittents, dyspepsia, hysteria, flatu- 



API 33 

lent colic, gout; to promote the operation of emetics, 
externally, as fomentations in gripings, and to - 
ripen suppurating tumors. 

Dose, gss to gij, in cold infusion. 
*Antheako / kali. Prepared from coal and potass. 

Use. In rheumatism and scrofula. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. Externally, 16 grs. to gj lard. 
Antimo'nii et Potas / sii Taeteas. Tartar Emetic. 

2KSbOC4H 4 6 .H 2 0. 

Soluble in 17 parts cold and 3 of boiling water; 
insoluble in alcohol. 100 parts glycerine dissolve 
5.5 parts. 

Emetic, diaphoretic, expectorant, rubefacient. 

Less used than formerly. Advantageous in 
small doses diluted and added to other saline and 
diaphoretic remedies. 

Dose. Emetic, 1-4 grs. in solution; diaphoretic 
and expectorant, T V to i gr. ; as ointment, 3 ij to 
§j lard. 

Antimc/nium Sulphuea'tum. Sulphuretted Anti- 
mony. Sb 2 S 3 . 
Insoluble. 

Use. In secondary syphilis and cutaneous affec- 
tions. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. See Pil. Antim. Comp. 
Anttpy'eine. A new antipyretic alkaloid. 

Dose. 15 grs. several times a day. 
^Antieehi'num Linae'ia. Toad flax. 
Diuretic, cathartic, slightly acrid. 
Used in infusion or as poultice, etc. , to piles. 
*A / pium Peteoseli'num. Parsley. 
Apiol is the oleo-resin. 
Diuretic, emmenagogue. 

Dose. A single dose of 15 grs., in capsules, as 
emmenagogue. 
3 



34 apo 

Apoc'yotm. Canadian or Indian Hemp. Dis- 
tinguish between Cannabis Indica. 
Emetic, hydragogue, diaphoretic. 
Use. In ascites and dropsy; in neuralgia, etc. 
Dose, 15-30 grs. orf^j-f^ij of decoction of ^ss 
root in Ojss water, boiled to Oj. 
Apomorphi'n^: Hydrochlo'ras. Hydrochlorate 
of Apomorphine. C 17 H 17 N0 2 ,HC1. 

Soluble in 6.8 parts water and 50 of alcohol; 
slowly decomposed in boiling water or alcohol; in- 
soluble in ether or chloroform. 
A prompt and safe emetic. 
Dose, x 1 ^ to T V gr. hypodermically of fresh solu- 
tion. 
A / Q,i5M. Medicated waters. 

See Preparations, page 128. 
^Aquile'gia Vulgaris. Columbine. 

Diuretic, antiscorbutic. Seldom used. 
** Arabia Nudicau / lis. False Sarsaparilla. 
Stimulant, diaphoretic. 
Use. Infusion in rheumatism, syphilis, etc. 
"^Ara'lia Spino'sa. Prickly Ash. 
Stimulant, diaphoretic. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism and skin diseases, 
and in toothache. 

Dose. Tincture, gtt. 10-60. 
*Are 7 ca nut. Betel nut. 

Used for tape- worm in doses of ^j-giv. 
*Argemo / ne Mexica'na. Prickly Poppy. 
Anodyne cathartic. 
Dose. 8 grs. of seeds in emulsion. 
*Argen / ti Iod'ium. Iodide of Silver. Ag.I. 

Insoluble in water, alcohol and dilute acids; 
soluble in 2500 parts strong Aq. Ammon. 
Use. In dyspepsia, etc. 
Dose. 1-2 grs. in pill. 



AEN 35 

Aegen'ti Ni'teas. Nitrate of Silver. AgN0 3 . 

Soluble in water, alcohol and glycerine. 

Escharotic, antispasmodic, tonic. 

Use. In chorea, epilepsy, dyspepsia, and irritable 
conditions of the mucous membrane of the stomach 
and bowels; locally to relieve strictures ; to fun- 
gous ulcers, warts and venereal chancres; gr. ij in 
distilled water f § j is a good injection in fistulous 
sores; and as an application to spongy gums, en- 
larged tonsils and ulcerated sore throats. A solu- 
tion of gss in fjjj of distilled water is highly 
useful when penciled over the surface of ery- 
sipelas. 
Aegen'ti Ni / teas Dilu / tus. Diluted Nitrate of 
Silver. 

Used only externally, as the fused nitrate. It is 
less energetic. 
Aegen'ti Ni'teas Fu / sus. Moulded Nitrate of 
Silver. Lunar Caustic. 

Convenient for external use as stimulant or 
escharotic. 
Aegen'ti Ox'idum. Oxide of Silver. Ag 2 0. 

Proposed as substitute for the nitrate. 

Dose. 1 gr. in pill of gum acacise. 
*Aemoea / cia. Horseradish. 

Stimulant, diuretic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In scorbutus, rheumatism and dropsy. 

Dose. 9j to gj. A teaspoonful or two occa- 
sionally of a syrup of strong infusion and sugar 
relieves hoarseness. 
Ae'nica. Leopard's bane. A. Montana. 

Narcotic, stimulant, diuretic, emmenagogue. 

Use. In nervous affections, chronic catarrh, etc. 

Dose. 5-20 grs. or f §ss-f§j of strained infusion 
(^j toQj of flowers). Tincture used as embroca- 
tion in sprains and bruises. 



36 AES 

Ae'senii Iod'ium. Iodide of Arsenic. Asl 3 . 
Very soluble in water and in boiling alcohol. 
Use. Externally and internally in obstinate skin 
diseases and cancers. 

Dose, i gr. in pill or solution; externally 3 grs. 
to §j lard. 
*Ae'seniate of Ammonium. 

Has been used in obstinate skin diseases. 
Dose. 20-25 drops of a solution of 1 gr. to f g j 
distilled water. 
*A / eum. Indian turnip. A. Triphyllum. 
Local stimulant and irritant. 
Use. In asthma and cachectic complaints. 
Dose. 10 grs. in emulsion to g ss. 
" 5f As / AEABACCA. Asarum Europseum. 
Emetic, cathartic, errhine. 
Dose. 10 grs. ; a grain or two snuffed up the 
nostrils in headache. 
*As / aeum Canaden'se. Wild ginger. Canada 
snake root. 

A feeble aromatic diaphoretic. 
Use. Used chiefly as an elegant adjunct to tonic 
infusions and decoctions. Kesenibles serpentaria 
in its effects. 

Dose, gss-gj in infusion. 
Ascle / pias Cueassa / vica. Blood weed. 
Emetic, cathartic, astringent. 
Dose. 9 j or 9 ij as emetic and cathartic. 
Ascle / pias Incaena / ta. White Indian Hemp. 
Emetic and cathartic. 
Dose. 20 grs. in catarrh, rheumatism, etc. 
*Ascle / pias Tubeeo / sa. Butterfly weed. Pleurisy 
root. 
Diaphoretic, expectorant, cathartic, etc. 
Use. Employed extensively in some of the South- 
ern States in catarrh, pneumonia, pleurisy, con- 



ATB 37 

sumption, acute rheumatism, autumnal remittents 
and dysentery. 

Dose % gj of decoction ( §j to Oj). 
*Aspar / agus Officinalis. Asparagus. 

Diuretic, aperient. 

Dose. % ss to 3 j of extract ; § j to ^ ij of syrup. 
Aspid'ium. Male Fern. 

Eemedy for tape-worm. The ethereal extract 
only should be used, followed by a brisk cathartic. 

Prep. Oleoresina Aspidii. 
Assafcet / ida. Assafcetida. 

Soluble in alcohol; a milky emulsion in water. 

Antispasmodic, expectorant, emmenagogue; by 
injection anthelmintic. 

Use. In hysteria, tympanitis, asthma, etc. 

Dose. gr. x in pill; enema, ^ ij in i% viij water. 

Prep. Emplast Asafoetida; Mist. Asaf. ; Pil. 
Aloes et Asaf.; Pil. Asaf.; Pil. Galbani Comp. ; 
Tinct. Asaf. 
Atropi'na. An alkaloid from Belladonna ( Atropia) . 

Soluble in 600 parts water at 59° F. , and 35 of 
boiling water; soluble in alcohol, in 3 parts chloro- 
form and 60 of ether. 

Use. One drop of a solution of gr. j to 3 iv of 
distilled water with a few drops of acetic acid, 
applied to the inner surface of eyelid, dilates the 
pupil in a few minutes. 

Dose. Seldom used internally; sometimes hypo- 
dermically ( T J ¥ gr. to ■£■$ gr.), or in ointment of gr. j 
to 5 j lard. 
ATROPi^iE Sui/phas. Sulphate of Atropine. 

Use. The same as Atropine, but, being more 
soluble, is oftener used. 

Dose. Same as Atropine — gr. -jfa to ■£§ . A solu- 
tion dropped into the eye, or mixed with gelatin 
so as to afford a thin circular film, and introduced 



38 AUB 

into the eye produces dilatation of pnpil ; a drop 
or two of a solution (1 part to 100 of solvent), effi- 
cient in toothache. 
Auran'tti Cor'tex. Orange peel. 

Mild tonic, carminative and stomachic ; a fre- 
quent addition to bitter infusions, etc. 
Au'ri et So'dii Chlo'ridum. Chloride of Gold 
and Sodium. Equal parts of AuCl 3 and NaCl. 

Soluble in water and alcohol. 

Considered alterative and antisyphilitic. 

Use. In hysteria, ovarian irritation, and syphilis. 

Dose. T X 2 gr. in lozenges of powdered sugar and 
mucilage of tragacanth, or in pill. 
Ave'nje Fari'na. Oatmeal. 

Oatmeal gruel, made by boiling § j in Oiij water 
to a quart (with a few raisins); strain, cool and pour 
off the clear liquor; add sugar and lemon juice. 
Azed'arach. Azedarach. 

Cathartic, emetic, anthelmintic. 

Dose, giv in Oij water, boiled to Oj; a table- 
spoonful to a child, every 3 or 4 hours. 
*Bai/samum Gileaden'ise. Balm of Gilead. 

Similar to other balsams, but seldom found pure. 
Bai/samum Peruvia'ettm. Balsam of Peru. 

Stimulant, tonic, expectorant. l 

Use. In chronic catarrh, rheumatism, and to re- 
strain excessive discharges, as gleet, etc. 

Dose. 10-15^, twice or thrice a day, in emulsion 
with mucilage or yolk of egg. 
Bai/samum Toluta'num. Tolu balsam. 

Soluble in alcohol and the volatile oils. 

Stimulant, expectorant. 

Use. In chronic cough and as flavoring substance. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. in emulsion. 

Prep. Syr. Tolu; Tinct. Benzoini Comp. ; Tinct. 
Tolu. 



BEL 39 

*Bai/samum Tran'quilans. 

A French preparation nsed by friction as an ano- 
dyne in local pains, or a few drops on cotton in 
earache. R. Alcoholic extracts of Belladonna, 
Coninm, Hyoscyamus and Stramonium, aa 30 grs. ; 
Aqueous Ext. of Opium, 12 grs. ; soften with J j 
Boiling water and add § iv Olive oil. Digest with 
gentle heat to evaporate the water; strain and add 
10n\, each of oils of Sage, Wormwood, Lavender, 
Thyme, Peppermint and Rose. 
*Baptis / ia Tincto'ria. Wild indigo. 

Laxative, emetic, antiseptic. 

Use. In gangrene, scarlatina and dysentery. 

Dose, gss of decoction (§j to Oj water) every 
8 hours. 
*Ba / rii Chlc/ridum. Chloride of Barium. BaCl 2 . 

Soluble in 2J- its weight of cold and in its weight 
of boiling water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Dose. 5 gtt. of a solution of ^j in ^iij water. 
Ba'rium. Barium. Ba. 
Bebe'rl^e Sui/phas. Sulphate of Beberia. 

Soluble in water 1 in 80; in spirits sparingly. 

Tonic and antiperiodic; imperfect substitute for 
quinia. Sometimes given in menorrhagia. 

Dose. 1-3 grs. as tonic; 5-10 as antiperiodic. 

Incomp. Alkalies and their carbonates, Bromide 
and Iodide of Potass. , Lime water, Tartaric acid 
and tartrates. Astringent infusions and tinctures. 
Be / lj3 Frui'tus. Bael fruit. 

A decoction of the dried fruit used in India for 
diarrhoea and dysentery. 
Belladonna. Belladonna. Deadly Nightshade 
(Atropia Belladonna). 

Powerful narcotic, with diaphoretic and diuretic 
properties. 

Use. In convulsions, neuralgia and other nervous 



40 BEN 

diseases; in habitual constipation, nocturnal incon- 
tinence of urine, etc; to dilate the pupil of the eye. 
Dose. | to J gr. of extract every morning for 
constipation. Atropine is mostly used for external 
and other preparations for internal use. 

Prep. Ext. Bellad. Alch. ; Emplast Bellad. ; Ext. 
Bellad. Fl. 

Antidotes. Emetic of 10 grs. Sulphate of Copper, 
and Opium to counteract effects of the poison. 
Benzi'num. Benzin (from petroleum). 

A substitute for turpentine as a solvent. 
Benzoi'num. Benzoin. 

Stimulant, expectorant, styptic. 
Dose. 10 grs. to gss; rarely given in substance. 
Prep. Tinct. Benz.; Tinct. Benz. Comp.; Adeps 
Benz. 
*Benzo / le. (Phenyl Hydride.) Benzole. 

Use. With 4 parts lard in scabies, etc. ; as a lini- 
ment in rheumatism, etc. 
*Ber / beris. Barbery. 

Eefrigerant, astringent, in large doses cathartic. 
^Beton'ica Offic/inalis. Wood Betony. 

Aromatic, purgative, emetic. 
*Betu / la. Birch. 

Tonic, laxative. The American species contains 
an oil similar to gaultheria. 
*Bez(/ar. Bezoar stones, or intestinal concretions, 
formerly in great repute, but now disused medi- 
cally. 
*Bi / dens Bipin / NATA. Spanish' needles. 

Emmenagogue, expectorant. 
Bismu / thi et Ammo'nii Ci'tras. Citrate of Bis- 
muth and Ammonium. 

Use. In excessive discharges from the bowels 
with relaxation. 
Dose. 1-3 grs. 



BEO 41 

Bismtj'thi Oxi / dum. Bi 2 3 . Oxide of Bismuth. 
Use. Similar to the subnitrate. 
Dose. 5-10 grs. 
Bismi/thi Subcaebo'nas. (BiO) 2 C0 3 ,H 2 0. Sub- 
carbonate of Bismuth. 
Insoluble. 

Use and dose same as subnitrate. 
Bismu'thi Subni'teas. BiON0 3 .H 2 0. Subnitrate 
of Bismuth. 
Slightly soluble. 
Sedative, freely astringent. 
Use. In subacute gastritis, pyrosis, irritative diar- 
rhoea, etc. Its use blackens the stools. 
*Bis /r roRT. (Polygonum bistorta.) 
Mild astringent. 
Dose. 20-30 grs. of powder. 
*Borag / o Offic/inalis. Borage. 
Mucilaginous, gently diaphoretic. 
Dose. %ij-% iv of expressed juice. 
Beaye / ea. Brayera. Kousso. 
Vermifuge (for tape-worm). 
Use. In tape-worm. 

Dose, ^ss of powdered flowers in Oss warm 
water, in two or three draughts. 

Prep. Ext. Bray. Fl. ; Infusum Brayera. 
*Bec/mal. (C 2 HBr 3 0.) 

Somewhat similar to chloral. The hydrate has 
been used in doses of 3 grs., to avert pain or pro- 
duce sleep, and in epilepsy. 
*Beo / mide of Eth'yl. (C 2 H 5 Br.) 

A more dangerous anaesthetic than chloroform. 
*Beo / mide of Ieon. 

An aqueous syrup in 20-drop doses has been 
useful in tuberculous diseases. 



42 BEO 

Beo'mum . Bromine. (Br. ) 

Like iodine, it stimulates lymphatics and pro- 
motes absorption. 

Use. In bronchocele, scrofula, etc. 

Dose. 6 drops of 1 part to 40 of water. In solu- 
tion for hospital gangrene, etc. (160 grs. Potas. 
Brom. in § ij water, add g j Bromine and water to 
§ iv.) To cancer of the womb, Brom. 12^; Rect. 

Beyo'nia. Bryony. 
Spirit. 3j. 

Hydragogue, cathartic. 

Dose. 9 j to g j of powdered root. 

Prep. Tinct. Bry. 
Bu / chu. Buchu. 

Stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. In irritation of bladder. 

Dose, gj of fluid extract, three or four times a 
day. 

Prep. Ext. Buchu Fl. 
^Bux'us Sempeevi'eens. Box. 

Diaphoretic, purgative. 

Dose, g j of leaves as a purge. 
*Bytte / ba Feb / eifuga. Bitter ash. 

Similar to quassia. 
*Cac/tus Geandifloea. Night-blooming Cereus. 

Used in functional palpitation of heart. 

Dose. Of fluid extract, gtt. 2-5; Tinct., 2-5 gtt. 
Cad'mii Iod / idum. (Cdl 2 .) Iodide of Cadmium. 

Used as ointment, 1 part to 8 of lard, in scrofu- 
lous swellings, etc. 
^ad'mii Sulphas. (CdS0 4 ,4H 2 0.) Sulphate of 
Cadmium. 

Use. Similar to sulphate of zinc, astringent and 
emetic. In opacities of the cornea. 



CAL 43 

Dose. Sol. \ gr. to 4 to ^ j water. Ointment, 2 
grs. to 9 iv lard. 
Caf / fea. Coffee. 

Nerve stimulant. 

Use. In stupor from opium, and other nervous 
disorders. 

Dose. A cupful of Infus. (§j to Oj.) 
Caf'fei'na. (C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2 .H 2 O.) Caffeine. 

A feeble alkaloid from coffee and tea. 

Dose. 2-10 grs. The citrate of caffeine in 1-gr. 
doses hourly for sick headache, before or during the 
paroxysm. 
*Cahinca. Black root. Chiococca racemosa. 

Tonic, diuretic, purgative, emetic. 

Use. In dropsy, rheumatism, etc. 

Dose. Powder Q j to gj. Extract 10-20 grs. 
*Calamina Peepaeata. Prepared Calamine. 

A mild astringent in excoriations. 
Cai/amus. Sweet Flag. 

Feeble aromatic. 

Use. In atonic dyspepsia with vertigo. 

Dose. 9 j to £j in powder. 

Prep. Ext. Calami. Fl. 

Cai/cii Beomi / dum. CaBr 2 . Bromide of Calcium. 
Soluble in .7 of water and 1 part of alcohol; 
very soluble in boiling water and alcohol. 
Sedative to nerve centres. 
Use. As an adjuvant in epilepsy and hysteria. 
Dose, ^ss-^ij. 

Cai/cii Caebo'nas PEiECiPiTA'TUS. CaC0 2 . Pre- 
cipitated Carbonate of Calcium. 
Use. As prepared chalk. 
Dose. 10-40 grs. 
Prep. Trochisci Bismuthi. 



44 CAL 

Cai/cii Chlo / eidum. CaCl 2 . Chloride of Calcium. 

Soluble in 1.5 parts water, 8 parts alcohol and 

1.5 parts boiling alcohol; very soluble in boiling 

water. 

Cai/cii Hypophos'phis. CaH 4 (P0 2 ) 2 . Hypophos- 

phite of Calcium. 

Soluble in 6.8 parts water, 6 parts boiling water; 
insoluble in alcohol. 

Use. With other hypophosphites given in phthisis 
and scrofula. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. 3 times a day. 
Prep. Syrupus Hypophosphitum. 
Cai/cii Phos'phas Pr^cipita'tus. Ca 3 (P0 4 ) 2 . 
Precipitated Phosphate of Calcium. 
Insoluble in water or alcohol. 
Use. In scrofula, rickets, etc. 
Dose. 10-30 grs. dissolved in lactic acid, and 
emulsified with cod-liver oil. 

Prep. Syr. Calcii Lactophosphatis. 
Calendu'la. Marigold. 

Feeble antispasmodic, sudorific, emmenagogue; 
externally to wounds, said to prevent suppuration. 
Prep. Tinct. Calendula?. 
^Callit'riche Ver'na. Water star-wort. 

Diuretic. Given in decoction. 
*Calot / ropis Gigante / a. Madar. 

An East India remedy for cutaneous disease. 
Dose. 3-12 grs. 3 times a day. 
Calum / ba. Columbo. 
A useful mild tonic. 

Use. In dyspepsia and the debility of convales- 
cence. 

Dose. 10-30 grs., often combined with ginger, 
subcarbonate of iron and rhubarb. In flatulence, 
an infusion of Calumba § j; Ginger g ss; Senna gj 
and Oj boiling water— a wineglassful 3 times a day. 



CAM 45 

Prep. Ext. Calumbae Fl. ; Infus. Calumbae; Tinct. 
Calumbae. 
Calx. CaO. Lime. 

Escharotic, antacid. 

Prep. Liq. Calcis; Potassa cum Calcis; Syrapus 
Calcis. 
Calx Chloba'ta. Chlorinated Lime. 

Used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. As 
a gargle in putrid sore throat, etc. 

Dose. Internally 3-6 grs. in ^ j - § ij water, 
filtered and sweetened with syrup. 
Calx Sulphuba'ta. Sulphide of Calcium. Sul- 
phurated Lime. 

Very slightly soluble in water; insoluble in 
alcohol. 

Used in furuncular eruptions. 

Dose, y 1 ^ - J gr. 3 or 4 times a day. 
Cambo'gia. Gamboge. 

Partly soluble in alcohol and ether. 

Use. As hydragogue cathartic; seldom used alone. 

Dose. 2-6 grs. 

Prep. Pil. Cathart, C. 
Cam'phoba. C 10 H 16 O. Camphor. 

Soluble in alcohol, etc. , and sparingly in water. 

Narcotic, diaphoretic, sedative, externally ano- 
dyne. 

Use. In typhus, cynanche maligna, confluent 
small-pox, and other exanthemata of the typhoid 
type; in atonic gout, and as an adjunct to bark and 
opium in checking gangrene. It produces its nar- 
cotic and sedative effects with very little increase 
of pulse, and therefore may be used in mania, 
pneumonia, and other inflammatory complaints, 
united with nitre and antimonials. In doses of 
from 1 to 3 grains it acts as a diaphoretic. It is 
a useful adjunct to bark in typhoid diseases, to 



46 CAM 

valerian, the fetid gums, volatile alkali, and others, 
in hysteric and nervous complaints, and to anti- 
monials in rheumatism and other inflammations. 
Externally, it allays the pains of rheumatism and 
other deep-seated inflammations, when dissolved 
in oil. 

Dose, 1-10 grs. in emulsion with sugar, gum 
arabic and water. 

Prep. Aq. Camph. ; Cerat. Plumb. Subacet. ; 
Linim. Camph.; Lin. Saponis; Mist. Chloroformi; 
Spts. Camph. ; Tinct. Opii Camph. 
Cam'phor A Monobrom a't A. C x H x 5 BrO. Mono- 
bromated Camphor. 

Insoluble in water ; soluble in alcohol, etc. 

Use. As a nervous sedative in delirium tremens, 
hysteria, etc. 

Dose. 5 grs. in pill or emulsion. 
Canei/la. Canella bark. 

Stimulant, tonic. 

Dose. 10 grs.-gss. 
Cannabis In'dica. Indian hemp. 

Powerful narcotic. Less certain but less trouble- 
some than opium. 

Dose. J-} gr. every 2-4 hours, and then regulated 
by its effect. Or, 20-40 drops of a tincture of 3 j 
to Oj alcohol. 

Prep. Ext. Can. Ind. ; Ext. Can. Ind. Fl. ; Tinct. 
Cann. Ind. 
Can'tharis. Cantharides. Spanish flies. 

A powerful irritant, with tendency to the urinary 
and genital organs. 

Used generally in tincture, or as a cerate for 
blistering. 

Prep. Cerat. Canth.; Charta Canth. ; Collodium 
Canth. ; Linim. Canth. 



CAB 47 

*Cappa / eis Spino'sa. Caper-bush. 

Diuretic. The dried bark formerly employed. 
*Capsei/la Bue'sa-Pasto'eis. Shepherd' s-purse. 

Used as antiscorbutic. 

Dose. Jj-^ij of fresh juice. 
Capsicum. 

Stimulant, rubefacient. 

Use. In dyspepsia, intermittents, low fevers and 
malignant scarlatina. 

Dose. 5-10 grs. in pill, or § ss of infusion ( 3 ij 
to Oss boiling water). As a gargle, ^ss to Oj of 
hot water, or § ss of Tincture to § viij rose water. 
Cae'bo. Carbon. 

Antiseptic, absorbent. 

Use. In dyspepsia, etc. 

Dose. gr. x-Q j, with rhubarb. 
Caebo'nei Bisui/phidum. Bisulphide of Carbon. 

as,. 

Externally counter-irritant and local anaesthetic. 
*Cab/damine Peaten'sis. Cuckoo-flower. 

Antispasmodic, diuretic. 
Caedamo'mttm. Cardamon. 

Carminative, stomachic. 

Use. In flatulent colic. 

Dose. 5 grs.-gj in powder. 

*Cae'ica Papa'ya. Papaya. 

The papaw j uice contains a digestible ferment, 
capable of dissolving fibrin (as the secretion of 
certain carnivorous plants). 
*Caeo 7 ta. Carrot-seed. 
Mild diuretic. 

Dose. 30 grs.- 3 j of bruised seed. The scraped 
root as stimulant poultice to ulcers. 
*Cae / thamus. Dyer's Saffron. 
Laxative, diaphoretic. 



48 CAB 

Use. As a substitute for saffron in measles, scar- 
latina, and other exanthematous diseases, to pro- 
mote the eruption. 

Dose. Infusion of §ij to Oj boiling water, ad 
libitum. 
Ca'rum. Caraway. 

Carminative. 

Use. In colic, etc. 

Dose. lOgrs.-^j. 
*CAR r YA. Hickory. 

Astringent. 

Use. Infusion of inner bark in dyspepsia and 
intermittents. 
Caryophyi/ltjs. Cloves. 

Stimulant, aromatic; a condiment. 

Dose. 5-10 grs. in powder. 
*Casca / ra Sagra'da. California Buckthorn. 

A useful laxative. 

Dose, gj of Fluid Ext. 
Cascarii/la. Cascarilla. 

Tonic, stomachic. 

Use. As an adjunct to cinchona in ague, in ob- 
stinate diarrhoea, and after dysentery ; a good 
vehicle for powdered Peruvian bark, and small 
doses sulphate magnesia and sulphuric acid, in de- 
bility of stomach attended with constipation ; in 
dyspepsia and flatulent colic. 

Dose. 10 grs.-.^j in powder or infusion. 
Cas / sia. Cassia pulp. - » 

Use. Where a gentle medicine is required in cost- 
ive habits, combined with aromatics. 

Dose. 5j-gj. 
*Cas / sia Marilan'dica. American Senna. 

Cathartic. 

Dose. § j to Oj boiling water. 



CED 49 

Casta / nea. Chestnut. 

Use. In intermittents. Leaves are used in 
hooping-cough. 

Dose. £ iij or 3 iv of leaves to Oj boiling water, 
sweetened, ad libitum. 
*Casta'nea Pu / mila. Chinquapin. 

Astringent, tonic. 

Bark used in intermittents. 
Castc/keum. Castor. 

Moderately stimulant and antispasmodic. 

Use. In typhus, hysteria, epilepsy, amenorrhoea. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. 
*Catai/pa. Catalpa. 

Seeds have been used in asthma, given in strong 
decoction. 
^Cata / eia. Catnip. 

A domestic remedy in amenorrhoea, colic, etc. 

Dose. 3 ij in infusion. 
Cat / echu. Catechu. 

Astringent, tonic. 

Use. In diarrhoea, uterine hemorrhage, aphthae, 
hoarseness, etc. 

Dose. 10 grs.-^j. 

Prep. Tinct. Catechu Comp. 
Catjlophyi/ltjm. Blue Cohosh. 

Emmenagogue, diaphoretic. 

Dose, ^j-^ij in infusion or decoction; gj-^ij 
of tincture. 

*Ceano / thus America'ntjs. New Jersey Tea. 

Astringent, used in syphilis in decoction ( g ij to 
Oj). 

Dose. A strong infusion. 

^Ce / dron. 

The seeds used in Central America as antidote to 
serpent-bites, in hydrophobia and intermittents. 
4 



50 CEL 

Dose. 1-2 grs. or more. Or, Tt\,20-3j of a vine- 
gar O ij to § j vinegar). 
*Celas / trus Scan'dens. 

Said to be emetic, diaphoretic, narcotic. 
*Centaure / a Benedic/ta. Blessed Thistle. 

Tonic, diaphoretic. 

Dose. 9J-5J of powder. Or, ^ij of cold in- 
fusion (§ ss-Oj). Stronger infusion diaphoretic or 
emetic. 
*Centau / ry. 

Tonic, like gentian. 

Dose. 30grs.~3j. 
*Cephalan / thus Occidentals. Button-bush. 

Laxative and tonic. 
Ce / ea Fla / va et A / lba. Yellow and White Wax. 

Demulcent, emollient. 

Use. In diarrhoea and dysentery, but chiefly in 
cerates and ointments. 

Dose. 9j-^ss, in emulsion. 
Ce'kii Ox 7 alas. Oxalate of Cerium. Ce 2 (C 2 4 ) 3 . 
9H 2 0. 

Insoluble in water and alcohol. 

Nerve tonic, like subnitrate of bismuth. 

Use. In gastralgia, vomiting of pregnancy, etc. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. in pill or suspended in water. 
Ceta / ceum. Spermaceti. 

Demulcent, emollient. 

Use. Similar to wax. 
Cetka'kia. Iceland moss. 

Tonic, demulcent, nutrient. 

Prep. Decoctum Cetrarise. 
Chelidc/nium. Celandine. 

Acrid, purgative, diuretic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In jaundice and scrofula. 

Dose. 30 grs ,-gj dried root; 5-10 grs. aqueous 
extract. Yellow juice destroys corns and warts. 



CHL 51 

*CHELO / NE Gla'brA. Snake-head. 
Tonic and aperient. 

Dose, ^j-^ij decoction (^ij fresh herb to Oj). 
Chenopc/dium. Wormseed. 
Anthelmintic. 

Dose. 9 j~9 ij powdered seeds ; 5-10 drops of oil 
with sugar or in emulsion. 
Prep. 01. Chenop. 
Chimaph / ila. Pipsissewa. 
Diuretic, tonic, astringent. 

Use. In urinary affections, scrofula and rheuma- 
tism. 

Dose. Oj decoction in 24 hours. 
Prep. Decoct. Chim.; Ext. Chimaph. Fl. 
Chinoi'dinum. Quinoidin. 

A mixture of alkaloids from cinchona, as a by- 
product. 

Antiperiodic, but inferior to quinine. 
Chiea'ta. Chirata. 
Similar to gentian. 
Dose. Of powder, 20 grs. 
Prep. Tinct. Chir. ; Ext. Chir. Fl. 
Chlo'eal. Chloral. Chloral-hydrate. C 2 HC1 3 0, 
H 2 0. 

Quite soluble. 

A powerful and useful hypnotic. 
Use. In delirium tremens and nervous diseases, 
to produce sleep. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. in solution with syrup of orange 
flowers, repeated in an hour if needed. 
*Chlo 7 eal Buty'licum. Croton-chloral. C 4 H 5 
C1 3 0,H 2 0. 

Sparingly soluble in water, freely in alcohol, hot 
water and glycerine; nearly insoluble in chloro- 
form, which distinguishes it from chloral. 
Use. In neuralgia. 



52 CHL 

Dose. 5 grs. every J hour until 30 grs. have been 
taken or relief afforded. 
Chloeofoe'mum Pueifica'tum. Purified Chloro- 
form. C.HC1 3 . 

Solubility: In rectified spirit, 10 in 9; in ether, 
1 in 1 \ ; in water, 1 in 200. Not soluble in glycerine. 

Chiefly used as anaesthetic by inhalation, but 
generally combined with ether. (1 part alcohol, 2 
chloroform and 3 of ether is a good formula. ) In- 
ternally as a sedative, narcotic and antispasmodic ; 
added to liniments as counter-irritant and narcotic. 

Prep. Mist. Chlor. ; Spts. Chlorof. (An empirical 
preparation called Chlorodyne has been much used 
in 3-10 drop doses. It is variously made. One 
formula is: Hydrochlorate of morphia 8 grs. ; water 
3 ss ; hydrochloric acid 3 ss ; chloroform 3 iss , 
Tinct. Cannabis Ind. 3 j ; hydrocyanic acid, U. S. P. ; 
Tt\, 12; alcohol § ss; oil of peppermint TT\, 2; Oleoresin 
of Capsicum Tr\,l.) 
Chon'deus. Irish Moss. Carrageen. 

Nutritive, demulcent. 

Used for dietetic purposes. 
Cheysaeobi'num. Chrysarobin. Araroba. 

Gastro-intestinal irritant. 

Prep. Ung. Chrysar. 
4f CiCHO / EiUM In'tybus. Chicory. 

Tonic, aperient. 

Use, In jaundice and phthisis. 

Dose. In decoction of § j-§ ij to Oj. 
*Cic/uta Yieo / sa. Water hemlock. 

Acrid, narcotic. 

Used externally in poultices or extract. 
€imicif / tjga. Cimicifuga. Black Snakeroot. 

Sedative, diuretic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In chorea, rheumatism, phthisis, etc. 

Dose. 9J-3J of powder. The impure resin, 



CIN 53 

called by eclectics cimicifugin or macrotin, in dose 
of 1-2 grs. 

Prep. Ext. Cimici. Fl. ; Tinct. Cimici. 
Cincho'na. Cinchona. Peruvian bark. 

Tonic, antiperiodic, febrifuge. 

The source of the alkaloids quinine, quinidine, 
Cinchonine, Cinchonidine, etc. 

Dose. 10 grs.-^j, but seldom given in crude 
state. 

Prep. Ext. Cinchon. ; Ext. Cinch. Fl. ; Infus. 
Cinch. ; Tinct. Cinch. ; Tinct. Cinch. Comp. 

Use. In intermittents, after evacuating the 
stomach and bowels; in continued fevers; keeping 
the bowels clear; confluent small-pox; erysipelas; 
acute rheumatism ; cynanche maligna; scarlatina; 
passive hemorrhages ; and in every disease attended 
with deficient action. Externally in clysters, gar- 
gles and lotions, in gangrenous ulcerations, etc. 
To check the nausea excited by it, wine, aromatics, 
and carbonic acid are added ; to prevent purging, 
opium; costiveness, rhubarb. 
Cinchonidine Sui/phas. -Sulphate of Cinchoni- 
dine. (C 20 H 24 N 2 O) 2 H 2 SO 4 .3H 2 O. 

Soluble in 100 parts water and 71 parts alcohol 
at 59° F., in 4 of boiling water, 12 of boiling 
alcohol, freely in acidulous water, in 1000 parts 
i chloroform, sparingly in ether or benzole. 

Use. Similar to quinine, but less active. 

Dose. ^ greater than of quinine. 
Cinchoni / na. Cinchonine. Cinchonia. C 20 H 24 N 2 O. 

Almost insoluble in cold or hot water; soluble in 
dilute acids, in 110 parts of alcohol at 59° F. 

Similar, but ^ weaker than quinine. 
CiNCHONi / NiE Sui/phas. Sulphate of Cinchonine. 
(C 20 H 24 N 2 O) 2 H 2 SO 4 .2H 2 O. 

Use. Similar to sulphate of quinine. 



54 CIN 

Dose, 1-2 grs. 3 or 4 times a day as tonic; 15-40 
grs. between paroxysms as antiperiodic. 
ClNNAMO / MUM. Cinnamon. 

Carminative, astringent. 

Dose. 10 grs. to 9 j of powder. 
^Clem'atts. Virgin 's-bower. 

Diuretic, diaphoretic. 

Dose, %iv of infusion of giij leaves to Oj. 
*Co / caine. See Erythroxylon Coca. 
^Coc / culus. Cocculus Indicus. 

Acrid, narcotic, poison. 

Sometimes used externally in tinea capitis, etc. 
Coc'cus. Cochineal. 

Chiefly used in preparation of carmine, and to 
color tinctures, etc. In doses of i gr. in hooping- 
cough. 
*Cochlea / kia Offic/inalis. Scurvy-grass. 

Stimulant, aperient, diuretic. 
Codei'na. Codeine. Codeia. C 18 H 21 N0 3 .H 2 0. 
An alkaloid from opium. 

Soluble in 80 parts water at 59° F. and 17 of 
boiling water; very soluble in alcohol. 

Sedative, but more uncertain than opium. 

Dose. 1 gr. or more in pill. 
Coi/chici Ra / dix. Colchicum root. 
Coi/chici Se / men. Colchicum seed. 

Narcotic, diuretic, cathartic. 

Use. Especially in gout and rheumatism. 

Dose. 2-8 grs. of dried bulb or seeds. 
*Collinso / nia. Heal-all. Horse-weed. 

A decoction of root used in vesical catarrh and 
leucorrhoea, and a poultice to bruises. 
Collo'ditjm. Collodion. A solution of gun cotton 
in ether. 

Used in surgery, etc. Iodized collodion is 10-20 



cop 55 

grs. iodine to ^j collodium. Other medicated 
forms are used. 

Prep. Collod. Flexile; Collod. Stypticum. 
Colocyn'this. Colocynth. 

Drastic, hydragogue, cathartic. 

Used in combination with other remedies. 

Dose. 5 grs. 

Prep. Ext. Col. ; Pil. Cath. C. 
Coni'um. Conium. Hemlock. 

A spinal depressant; poison ons. 

Use. Has been used in many diseases. 

Dose. 3-4 grs. powdered leaves twice a day. 
Conine has been used in hooping-cough in y 1 ^ gr. 
doses. 

Prep. Abstract. Con. ; Ext. Con. Fl. ; Tinct. Conii. 
*Contkayer / va. Contrayerva. 

Tonic, stimulant, sudorific. 

Dose. 10 grs.- 3 ss. 
*Convalla / kia Majai/is. Lily-of-the-valley. 

Proposed as substitute for digitalis, in valvular 
diseases of the heart with dropsy. 

Dose. Fl. Extract, 10-15 drops. 
^Convalla / ria Mtjltiflo'ra. Solomon's Seal. 

Tonic, mucilaginous, mildly astringent. 

Dose. Fl. Ext., Jij-^v. 
*Convoi/vultjs Pandtjea'ttjs. Wild potato. 

Feebly cathartic, diuretic. 

Dose. 40 grs. of dried root. 
Copa / iba. Balsam of Copaiba. 

Stimulant, diuretic, laxative; acts on the ure- 
thra. 

Use. In chronic disease of mucous membranes, 
as gonorrhoea, gleet, leucorrhcea, etc. 

Dose. lOdrops-gjin emulsion. 

Prep. Massa Copaiba. 



56 cop 

*Cop / tis. Goldthread. 

Tonic. 

Use. In aphthous affections of the mouth and 
throat. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. of powder; 3J of tincture (gj 
root Oj dilute alcohol). 
^Coralloehi'za Odontoehiza. Coral-root. 

Stimulant, diaphoretic. 

Dose. 30 grs. of powder. 
Coeian'dum. Coriander. 

Carminative. 

Dose. Bj-Sj. 

Prep. Confect. Sennae. 
Coe'nus. Dogwood. 

Tonic, astringent ; resembles Peruvian bark in 
effects. 

Dose. J^j-^j of powder. 

Prep. Ext. Cornus Fl. 
*Coryda / lis Foemo'sa. Turkey corn. 

Alterative, tonic. 

Used in syphilis, scrofula, etc. 

Dose. 10 grs. of root; 10-40 drops of fluid 
extract. 
*Co /r ro Baek. 

Used in diarrhoea and rheumatism. 

Dose. TT\, 5-10 fluid extract or tincture. 
*Cotu / la. Mayweed. 

Antispasmodic, externally vesicant; best given 
in infusion. 
*Cotyle / don Umbilicus. Navel-wort. 

Nerve tonic. Used in epilepsy. 

Dose. Of juice, 3J-§j; fluid extract, ^j. 
Ceeaso / tum. Creasote. 

Soluble in 80 parts of water (12 of boiling water) 
and freely in alcohol, ether, etc. 



cun 57 

Use. Internally to allay vomiting, etc. Exter- 
nally in neuralgia, to ulcers, etc. 
Dose. TTU-2. 
Prep. Aqua Creasoti. 
Cre'ta. Chalk. CaC0 2 . 

Creta preparata, or prepared chalk, is used as 
antacid in diarrhoea, etc. 
Dose. grs. 10- 3 j or more. 

Prep. Hydrarg. cum creta; Trochisci Cretae, 
Pulv. Cretae Comp. 
Cro'cus. Saffron. 

Stimulant, diaphoretic, emmenagogue. 
Used in hysteria and nervous affections. 
Dose. 10-30 grs. 
Prep. Tinct. Croci. 
CUBE / BA. Cubeb. 

Stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. In gonorrhoea, gleet and leucorrhoea; also 
as carminative in deranged digestion, etc. 
Dose. 10 grs.-gss of powder. 
Prep. Ext. Cubebae FL; Olearesina Cubebae; 
Oleum Cubebae; Tinct. Cubebae. 
*Cucukbita Citrullus. Watermelon. 

Seeds are used in strangury and as a diuretic. 
Infusion §} or ^ij toOj, ad lib. 
*Cumin" Seed. 

Aromatic, stimulant. 
Dose. 15 grs.- ,5 ss. 
*Cuxdueaxgo. Condurango. 

Has been used in cancer and syphilis, but seems 
to have been laid aside. 
*Cunila Mariana. American Dittany. 

A gently stimulant aromatic, like mint, penny- 
royal, etc. 

Used in warm infusions to promote perspiration, 
relieve colic, dysmenorrhcea, etc. 



58 cup 

Cu'pbi Ace'tas. Acetate of Copper. Cu(C 2 H 3 2 ) 2 . 
H 2 0. 

Soluble in 15 parts water and 135 of alcohol ; in 
5 of boiling water and 14 of boiling alcohol. 

Action similar to the sulphate. 

Used in epilepsy, chorea, and other spasmodic 
affections. 
Cu'pri Sui/phas. Sulphate of Copper. CuS0 4 . 
5H 2 0. 

Irritant, or mildly escharotic ; in dilute solution 
stimulant, astringent. 

Use. In chronic diarrhoea with ulceration; for- 
merly in hysteria, epilepsy, etc. 

Dose. 5 grs. act as a powerful, prompt emetic; J 
gr. as astringent tonic. 
*Cu / prum Ammonia'tum. Ammoniated Copper. 

Tonic, antispasmodic. 

Dose. \ gr.-J gr. in pill or solution. 
^URCu'ma. Tumeric. 

Stimulant, aromatic, like ginger. 

Formerly used in jaundice, etc. 

Dose. % ss- 3 ij of powder. 
Cuspa / eia. Cusparia Bark. Augustura. 

Stimulant tonic. 

Dose. 10-30 grs.; of extract 5-15 grs. 
*Cy / clamen Europcetjm. Sow-bread. 

Drastic, cathartic. 

Dose. 20-40 grs. 
Cydo'nium. Quince-seed. 

Mucilaginous. 

Prep. Mucilago Cydonii. 
*Cyna'ra Sco'lymus. Garden Artichoke. 

Diuretic. 

Dose. Of tincture ^j; of extract 5 grs. 
^Cynoglos^um Officinale. Hound' s-tongue. 

Demulcent and sedative. 



Dio 59 

Cypkipe'ditjm. Ladies' Slipper. 

Tonic, antispasmodic; like valerian. 
Dose. Of fluid extract 3 ss- 3 j . 
Cytisus Labuenum. Laburnum. 

Narcotic poison, emetic. 
*Damia / na. 
Aphrodisiac. 

Dose. § j of leaves in infusion, or 3 ss- 3 j of fluid 
extract. 
*Dei/phinum. Larkspur. 
Diuretic, emmenagogue. 
Dose. 10 drops of tincture (£ j to Oj). 
*Dia / :n'THTjs. Clove pink. 

Slightly astringent. 
Digitali'ntjm. Digitalin. 

Dose. irV-sVgr- 
Digita / lis. Foxglove. 
Cardiac tonic, diuretic. 

Use. In inflammatory diseases; phthisis; active 
hemorrhages and dropsies, unattended by palsy and 
unsound viscera. From its influence in lowering 
the pulse, digitalis has been much employed in 
palpitations and other affections of the heart, in 
mania, epilepsy, etc., also as an antispasmodic 
in pertussis and spasmodic asthma ; where there is 
a laxness of fibre, and pale countenance. 

Dose. Of powder 1 gr. twice or thrice a day, but 
the tincture and extract oftener used. 

Prep. Abstractum Digital. ; Ext. Digit. ; Ext. 
Digital. FL; Infus. Digit. ; Tinct. Digital. > 

*Diosc(/kea Villo'sa. Wild Yam. 
Antispasmodic. 

Used in bilious colic and rheumatism. 
Dose. Oss of decoction (3 j-Oj); or of Discarein 
1-4 grs. 



60 Dio 

^Dios'pyros. Persimmon. 

Astringent, tonic. 

Dose. An infusion, syrup or vinous tincture of 1 
part of bruised fresh fruit to 2 parts of liquid, 
given in doses of £j-§ss. 
*Dracon / titjm. Skunk-cabbage. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic, narcotic. 

Use. In asthma, chronic rheumatism , hysteria, etc. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. of powdered root; of infusion or 
syrup, Sj-^iv. 
Dulcama / ea. Bitter-sweet. 

Diuretic, sudorific, narcotic, alterative. 

Use. In scaly eruptions, rheumatism, etc. 

Dose. Decoction externally, and internally in 
doses of § j-ij four times a day. 

Prep. Ext. Dulc. Fl. 
Elateri'ntjm. Elaterin. C 20 H 28 O 5 . 

Considered more reliable than Elateriuni. 

Dose. 2V gr. 

Prep. Trituratio Elaterini. 
Elate'rium. Elaterium. Wild Cucumber. 

Powerful hydragogue cathartic. 

Dose. xV -i gr., repeated hourly as needed. 
Ei/emi. 

Analogous to the turpentines. 

Used externally. 
*Epilo / bitjm. Willow-herb. 

Astringent, tonic. 
*Epizje/a Repe'us. Trailing Arbutus. 

Used in vesical catarrh as Uva Ursi and Buchu. 
^Equise'tum. Horse-tail rush. 

Diuretic. Used in infusion. 
Ebechthi'tes. Fire-weed. 

Used in dysentery. 
Ergc/ta. Ergot. 

A stimulant of the vaso-motor nerve centres. 



ERY 61 

Dry gangrene, etc., result from too long and free 
use. 

Use. Chiefly in parturition and uterine hemor- 
rhage. 

Dose. £>ss-3ij of powder, but the Fl. Ext. or 
Vin. Ergotse oftener used. A purified extract 
called Boujean's ergotin in 5-ltf gr. doses. For 
hypodermic use 5 grs. of extract in 15 minims 
of water. 
*Eri / geron. Fleabane. 

Diuretic, tonic, astringent. 

Use. In dropsy and diarrhoea; recommended in 
gravel and nephritic diseases. 

Dose. Of powder gss-gj; extract 5-10 grs. 
^Eriodic'tyon. Yerba Santa or mountain balm. 

A stimulant expectorant in asthma and bron- 
chitis. 

Dose. Fl. Ext. gss;Tinct. gij. 
*Ebo / dium. Storksbill. 

Used in dropsy in form of decoction. 
*Eryn / gium. Button snake-root. 

Diaphoretic, expectorant, emetic. 

Use. As an expectorant in pulmonary and catar- 
rhal affections; its effects resemble those of Seneka 
Snake-root. 

Sometimes substituted for seneka in decoction. 
*Erythro / nium. Dog's-tooth Violet. 

Emetic, in doses of 20-30 grs. of powdered 
bulb. 
Erythrox'ylon Coca. Coca. 

Nerve stimulant, similar but more powerful than 
tea or coffee. The hydrochlorate of cocaine has 
attained celebrity as a local anaesthetic. 

Dose. Fl. Ext., ^ss-gj. A few drops of 4 per 
cent, solution of hydrochlorate in operations on the 
eye; 4-20 per cent, to larynx, etc. 



62 euc 

Eucalyptus. Eucalyptus. 

Local irritant, stimulant narcotic, antispasmodic, 
antiseptic. 

Dose. Of the oil 10-15 drops. 

Prep. Ext. Eucalypti Fl. 
Euon / ymus. Wahoo. 

Laxative, alterative. Used in dropsy. 

Dose. Of extract ^ss-gj as laxative. 
Eupato / eium. Thoroughwort. Boneset. 

Tonic, diaphoretic, emetic. 

Use. As a diaphoretic in catarrh and rheumatism ; 
in intermittents and remittents, and inflammatory 
diseases ; as a tonic in dyspepsia and general de- 
bility; given cold. 

Dose. As tonic J) j- £> j of powdered leaves, or 
Jj-^iv infusion. As diaphoretic the infusion 
should be warm and the patient in bed. As emetic 
and cathartic Oss or more of strong decoction. 

Prep. Ext. Eupatorii Fl. 
^Euphoe'bia. 

Many species of the genus Euphorbia act as 
powerful emetics and cathartics, and their milky 
j uice is irritant. Some are poisonous. E. prostrata 
is used in Mexico as antidote to serpent-poison. 
The dried root of E. corollata or milk-weed is cathar- 
tic and emetic in 3-20 gr. doses. E. ipecacuanha, 
or American ipecacuanha, has similar properties 
to ipecacuanha, but is liable to produce prostra- 
tion. 
Fel B(/vis. Ox-gall. 

Tonic, laxative. Used in deficiency of bile. 

Dose. 5-10grs. As a liniment to reduce hyper- 
trophies, 3 parts inspissated bile, 1 of Ext. Conium, 
2 of soda soap and eight of olive oil. 
Fee'ei Aese'ntas. Arseniate of Iron. Fe 3 As 2 8 . 

Insoluble in water; soluble in hydrochloric acid. 



FEE 63 

Use. The quantity of iron is so small that the 
effect must he due to the arsenic alone; in chronic 
skin diseases. 

Dose, i - ^o gr. in pill 3 times a day. 
Fee'ei Caebo'nas Saccha/eatus. Saccharated 
Carbonate of Iron. Fe0 1 C0 2 with sugar and per- 
oxide of iron. 

An excellent chalybeate ; rapidly soluble in acids ; 
partly soluble in water. 

Dose. 5-30 grs. in pill. 
Fee'ei Chlc/eidum. Chloride of Iron. Fe 2 Cl 6 . 
12H 2 0. 

Deliquescent. Soluble in water, alcohol and 
ether. 

Used in form of tincture and liquor. 
Fee'ei Ci'teas. Citrate of Iron. Fe 9 (C 6 H 5 7 ) 2 
CH 2 0. 

Slowly soluble in cold and readily in boiling 
water; insoluble in alcohol. 

A pleasant chalybeate. 

Dose. 10tt\, of a solution of 240 grs.-gj, 3 or 4 
times a day. 
Fee / ei et Ammo'xii Ci / teas. Citrate of Iron and 
Ammonium. 

Soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Dose. 5 grs. 
Fee'ei et Ammo'nii Sui/phas. Sulphate of Iron 
and Ammonium. Fe 2 (NH 4 ) 2 (S0 4 ) 4 .24H 2 0. 

Soluble in 3 parts cold and .8 part boiling water; 
insoluble in alcohol. 

An ammonia iron-alum, more astringent than 
common alum, and less stimulant than other iron 
salts. 

Use. In passive leucorrhoeas. 

Dose. 5-10 grs. 2 or 3 times a day. 



64 FEE 

Fee'ei et Ammo'nii Tae'teas. Ammonio-Ferric 
Tartrate. 2(FeO)NH 4 ,C 4 H 4 6 .3H ? 0. 

Very soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol. 
A mild chalybeate. 
Dose. 10-30 grs. 
Fee'ei et Potas / sii Tae / teas. Potassio-Ferric 
Tartrate. (Fe 2 (C 4 H 4 6 ) 3 + K 2 C 4 H 4 6 +H 2 0.) 
An agreeable chalybeate ; suitable for children. 
Very soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol. 
Dose. lOgrs.-^ss. 
Fee / ei et Quini'n^ Ci'teas. Citrate of Iron and 
Quinine. 
Soluble in water, slightly in alcohol. 
Combines the virtues of both bases. 
Dose. 5 or 6 grs. in pill, 3 or 4 times a day. 
Fee / ei et Steychni'n^ Ci / teas. Citrate of Iron 
and Strychnia. 

Soluble in water, slightly in alcohol. 
An efficient tonic with 1 per cent of strych- 
nine. 

Dose. 3-5 grs. in pill or solution. 
Fee / ei Hypophos / phis. Hypophosphite of Iron. 
Fe 2 (H 2 P0 2 ) 6 . 

Slightly soluble in water, feebly in hydrochloric 
acid. 

Use. In cerebral anaemia. 
Dose. 5-10 grs.; of syrup ^ij-^vj. 
Fee'ei Iod'idum. Iodide of Iron. 
Very soluble in water and alcohol. 
Tonic, emmenagogue. 
Used in scrofulous complaints, amenorrhcea, etc. 
Dose. 1-8 grs. Best given in syrup or gly cerate. 
Fee / ei Iod'idum Sacchaea / tum. Saccharated 
Iodide of Iron. 
Soluble in 7 parts water, partially in alcohol. 
Dose. 2-5 grs. 



FEB 65 

Fer'ri Lac'tas. Lactate of Iron. Fe(C 3 H 5 3 ) 2 . 
3H 2 0. 

Soluble in 40 parts cold and 15 of boiling water; 
almost insoluble in alcohol. 

Useful in chlorosis. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. to 12 or 20 in course of a day. 

Prep. Syrup. Hypophosph. cum Ferro. 
Fer'ri Ox' alas. Oxalate of Iron. FeC 2 4 ,H 2 0. 

Slightly soluble in water, soluble in hydrochloric 
acid. 

A feeble chalybeate. 

Dose. 2-3 grs. 
Fer/ri Ox / idum Hydra / tum. Hydrated Oxide of 
Iron. Fe 2 (HO) 6 . 

Wholly soluble in hydrochloric acid, without 
effervescence. 

Use. As antidote to arsenical poison. 

Prep. Emplast. Ferri; Trochisci Ferri. 
Fer'ri Ox / idum Hydra / tum cum Magne'sia. Hy- 
drated Oxide of Iron with Magnesia. 

The Antidotum Arsenici of the German Pharma- 
copoeia. Made by mixing a dilute solution of ter- 
sulphate of iron and a mixture of magnesia with 
water, which should always be kept on hand, ready 
for mixing and use. ( § j of Monsel's solution of 
ferric sulphate with ^ iv of water, and % iij calcined 
magnesia with % iv of water. Tablespoonful doses 
every 5 or 10 minutes till the symptoms of poison 
are relieved. ) 
Fer / ri Phos / phas. Phosphate of Iron. 

Soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Use. In amenorrhoea and dyspepsia. 

Dose. 5-10 grs. 

Prep. Syr. Ferri Quininae et Strychninae Phos- 
phatum. 
5 



66 FEE 

Fee'ei Pyeophos / phas. Pyrophosphate of Iron. 

Soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol. 

A good, mild chalybeate. 

Dose. 2-5 grs. in pill, solution or syrup. 
Fee / ei Sui/phas. Sulphate of Iron. FeS0 4 .7H 2 0. 

Soluble in 1.8 parts cold and .3 parts boiling 
water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Commercial sulphate of iron, or copperas, is 
unfit for medical use until purified. 

An astringent chalybeate, and emetic. 

Use. In diseases of geDeral debility, amenorrhea, 
with a weak, languid pulse; diabetes; in clysters 
against ascarides. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. in pill. Externally 1-2 or more 
grs. to §j water. In erysipelas ^iijss-Oj water, 
applied by compresses, or ointment of 8 parts to 
30 of lard. 
Fee / ei Sui/phas Exsicca / tus. Dried Sulphate of 
Iron. 

Used for making pills; 3 grs. equal to 5 of 
crystal. 
Fee'ei Sui/phas Pejecipita'tus. Precipitated 
Sulphate of Iron. 

Best form of sulphate of iron. 

Prep. Syr. Ferri Phosph. 
Fee / ri Valeeia'nas. Valerinate of Iron. Fe 2 

(C 5 H 2 2 )6- 

Insoluble in cold water; soluble in alcohol. 
Boiling water decomposes it. 
Use. In hysteria with chlorosis. 
Dose. 1 gr. several times a day. 
Fee / eum. Iron. 

Tonic; increasing red globules of the blood. 
*Fee'eum Dialysa'tum. Dialysed Iron. 

Mixes with water, alcohol, syrup and glycerine. 



GAL 



67 



A mild chalybeate; considered an antidote to 
arsenic. 

Dose. 10 drops - % ss. 
Fek'rum Reduc'tum. Reduced iron. Iron reduced 
by hydrogen. Quevenne's iron. 
A fine gray (not black) powder. 
Dose. 2 grs. in pill after meals. 
Fi / cus. Figs. 

Nutritious, demulcent, laxative. 
Fcenic/ulum. Fennel. 
Carminative, diuretic. 
Use. In flatulence. 

Dose. 9 j - 3 ss bruised seeds, or infusion of 
gij-^iij to Oj boiling water. 
Fbangu'la. Buckthorn. 
Cathartic. 

Dose. Of decoction (§ss-Oss) a tablespoonf ul ; 
fluid extract 15-20n\,. 
*Fease / ka. American Columbo. 
A mild tonic. 

Dose. Of powder ^ss-gj; infusion (^j-Oj) 
^j-^ij several times a day. 
*Fbaxi / nus. Ash. 

Used as antidote to bites of serpents; for scrofula, 
and for gout and rheumatism. 

Dose. § j of leaves in Oss boiling water 3 times 
a day. 
*Fl t/ cus. Bladder- wrack. 

Used in morbid obesity, and scrofula. 
Dose. 20 grs. of powdered plant. 
A species of sea-weed, the Laminaria, is used for 
tents and bougies. 
*Fumari / :n t a. Fumitory. 

A decoction of leaves in hepatic and skin diseases. 
*Galangal. Galanga. China-root. 
Stimulant, aromatic. 
Dose. 15-30 grs. 



68 GAL 

G-ai/banum. Galbanum resin. 

Stimulant, expectorant, antispasmodic. 

Use. In hysteria, particularly that which attends 
irregular and deficient menstruation ; chlorosis, ex- 
ternally to indolent tumors. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. in pill or emulsion. 
*Galega. Goat's rue. 

Diaphoretic, anthelmintic. 

Roots given in decoction. 
*Gai/ium Ap'abine. Cleavers. 

Expressed juice is said to be aperient, diuretic 
and antiscorbutic. Has been used in lepra and 
cancer. 

Dose. § iij of juice twice a day. 
Gai/la. Galls. 

Astringent. Seldom used internally. 

Use. They have been used in diarrhoea, intesti- 
nal hemorrhages, and interrnittents ; but they are 
principally employed in gargles and inj ections ; and 
the powder to form an ointment for piles, in the 
proportion of 3 ij to lard § ij , and powdered opium 

Dose. 10 grs.-Q j. 

Prep. Tinct. Gallse; Ung. Gallae. 
Gaulthe'kia. Wintergreen. 

Stimulant, astringent. 

Use. In diarrhoea, but chiefly as a flavor. 

Dose. Infusion §ij-§iv; oil 2-10 tt^. 
Gelsem / ium. Yellow Jasmine. 

A spinal depressant. 

Use. As febrifuge, and in neuralgia and inter- 
rnittents. 

Dose. Fluid extract 2 rr\,; tincture 10 tt\^, repeated 
every 2-6 hours. 
Gentia'na. Gentian. 

Bitter tonic ; useful in debility of digestive 
organs. 



GLY 69 

Use. In dyspepsia, hysteria, jaundice; gout, 
united with aromatics; chlorosis, with chalybeates, 
and dropsies with squill and natural salts; exter- 
nally in putrid ulcers. 

Dose. 10 grs.-Qij. 

Prep. Ext. Gent. ; Ext. Gent. Fl. ; Tinct. Gent. 
Comp. 
Geea'nium. Geranium. 

Astringent; useful in diarrhoeas of infancy and 
cases of delicate stomach. 

Dose. 20-30 grs. of powder; §j-3ij of decoc- 
tion. 

Prep. Ext. Geran. Fl. 
*Ge / tjm. Water-avens. 

Tonic, astringent. 

Used in passive hemorrhage, leucorrhoea and 
diarrhoea, and in the debility of phthisis. 

Dose. Of powdered root 9 j-3 j 3 times a day; a 
weak decoction sometimes used as substitute for tea 
and coffee. 
*Gille / nia. American Ipecacuanha. 

A mild emetic and cathartic. 

Dose. 20-30 grs. of powdered root every 20 min- 
utes till it vomits. 
*Glecho / ma. Ground Ivy. 

Stimulant, tonic; used in lung and kidney dis- 
ease. 

Dose, 3 ss- 3 j in infusion. 
GLYCEKi / ]sruM. Glycerin. 

Soluble in water and alcohol ; insoluble in ether, 
chloroform and fixed oils. 

A useful menstruum. Internally laxative; ex- 
ternally in skin diseases, etc. 
Glycyeehi'za. Liquorice root. 

Demulcent. Used in catarrh often with other 
demulcents. 



70 GLY 

Prep. Decoct. Sarsap. Comp. ; Ext. Glycyrr. Fl. ; 
Ext. Glycyrr. Purum. ; Glyc. Ammoniatum ; Pulv. 
Glyc. Comp. ; Ext. Sarsap. Fl. Comp. ; Syr. Sarsap. 
Comp. 
Glycyeehi'zinum Ammoniatum. Ammoniated 
Glycyrrhizin (the sweet principle of liquorice 
root). 

An elegant substitute for liquorice in mixtures 
which are neither acid nor alkaline. 

Dose. 5-15 grs. 
^Gnapha'lium. Life-everlasting. 

Used as tea in pectoral and bowel complaints, 
and as poultice in bruises, etc. 
Gossyp'ii Kadi'cis Coe'tex. Cotton-root bark. 

Emmenagogue; like ergot in producing uterine 
contractions. 

Dose. 3SS-3J of fluid extract. 
Gossyp / ium. Absorbent cotton. 

Used in surgery as a dressing, etc. , and iu phar- 
macy as a filter. Nitric acid converts it into gun- 
cotton. 
Geana'tum. Pomegranate. 

Astringent, anthelmintic. 

Use. In chronic diarrhoeas, the protracted stage 
of dysentery; for tapeworm. Externally as injec- 
tion in leucorrhcea, and gargles in angina. 

Dose. For tapeworm a decoction of % ij bark in 
Oij water, macerated 24 hours and boiled to a pint. 
A wineglassful at intervals of J hour to 2 hours 
till all is taken. 
Gehstde / lia. Grindelia. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic; useful in asthma and 
chronic bronchitis, and as antidote to effects of 
poison-oak. 

Prep. Ext. Grindel. Fl. 



HAM 71 

*Gua / co. Guaco. 

Used in Central America, etc., as antidote to 
serpent bites. 

Dose, ^ss-gj of tincture. 
Gua / iaci Lig'num. Guaiacum wood. 
Stimulant, diaphoretic. 

Dose. A decoction of § j in Ojss water, boiled to 
a pint, may be given in divided doses during 24 
hours. 

Prep. Decoct. Sarsap. C. ; Syr. Sarsap. C. 
Gua / iaci Res / ina. Guaiac. 

Stimulant, alterative, diaphoretic. 
Use. In chronic rheumatism, gout, cutaneous 
diseases, and the sequela of lues venera. 
Dose. 10-30 grs. in emulsion or syrup. 
Prep. Pil. Antim. Comp. ; Tinct. Guaiac. ; Tinct. 
Guaiaci Ammon. 
Guara / na. Guarana. 

Similar to coffee. Used in migraine or nervous 
sick headache. 

Dose, ^j-^ij of fluid extract. 
Gut / ta-Pee / cha. 

Used in surgery for utensils, splints, etc. 
Prep. Liq. Gutta-perchse. 
*Gynocar / dia. Chaulmoogra. 

Said to have been successfully used in leprosy. 
Dose. 10 n^ of the oil, in emulsion with milk, 
and 1 part to 15 of olive oil externally; of the 
seeds 6 grs. 3 times a day. 

ILeMATOX'YLON. Logwood. 

Mild astringent. 

Use. In protracted stage of diarrhoea and dysen- 
tery, under form of decoction. 
Prep. Extractum Hsematoxyli. 
Hamamei/is. Witch-hazel. 
Astringent, sedative. 



72 HED 

Use. In hemorrhages and piles. 

Dose. A wineglassful every 3-6 hours of a de- 
coction ( Jj to Oj) in incipient phthisis, etc; a dis- 
tilled extract as a wash in painful tumors, etc. 

Prep. Ext. Ham. Fl. 
Hedeo / ma. Pennyroyal. 

Aromatic, stimulant. 

Dose. Of infusion, ad libitum; oil from 1 to 10 Tt\,. 

Prep. 01. Hedeomse. 
*Hede 7 ka. Ivy. 

Stimulant and emmenagogue. 

Dose. 9 j of dried leaves. 
^Hele'nitjm. False sun-flower. 

Errhine. 
^Helianthe'mum. Frost-wort. 

Tonic and astringent. 

Dose. 2 grs. of extract. 
*Helianthus. Common Sun-flower. 

Oil from its seeds used as salad-dressing, etc. 
*Hellebobus. Black Hellebore. 

Cathartic, hydragogue, emmenagogue. 

Use. In mania and melancholia, dropsy, and in 
suppression of the menses in plethoric habits ; but 
it may be questioned whether it is equal to jalap, 
etc. It is seldom obtained genuine. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. of powdered root as a drastic 
purge; 2-3 grs. as alterative. 
*Helleborus Fcet'idtjs. Bear's-foot. 

The most acrid of the genus ; used as anthelmintic. 

Dose. 5 grs.-T) j of dried leaves. 
*Hel(WIAS. False unicorn-plant. 

Used in atony of generative organs. 

Dose. % j of powdered root. 
Hemides / mi Radix. Indian Sarsaparilla. 

Tonic, diuretic, alterative. 

Dose. Wineglassful of infusion ( gij to Oj). 



HUM 73 

*Hepat / ica. Liverwort. 

This is a ranunculaceous and not a crypto- 
gam ous plant. 

Demulcent, slightly tonic, astringent. 
Use. In chronic coughs, haemoptysis and hepatic 
affections. The empirical preparations of this plant 
owe their efficacy to opium, which they contain 
in considerable quantities. 
Dose. Infusion, ad lib. 
*Heracleum. Masterwort. 
Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In epilepsy attended with flatulence and 
gastric disorder. 

Dose. % ij-^iij pulverized root. 
Hetjche'ra. Alum root, 
Very astringent. 

Use. When astringents are indicated as a local 
application to ulcers and cancer ; also as a styptic. 
Hibiscus. 

Used in perfumery. One species is cultivated as 
olcra, or gombo, for culinary purposes. 
*Hiebacium. Rattlesnake- weed. 

Supposed antidote to rattlesnake bite. 
Dose. Wineglassful of infusion ( § ij to Oj). 
Hiru'do. The leech. 

Used for local blood-letting. 
Hor'deum. Barley. 

Demulcent, nutritious. 
Htj'mtjlus. Hops. 

Tonic, slightly narcotic. 

Use. In gout and rheumatism, under form of in- 
fusion. 

Dose. Infusion ( ^ ss to Oj ) ^ ij 3 or 4 times a 
day. Lupulin in substance, 6-12 grs. in pill. 

Prep. Tinct, Humuli; Ext. Lupulin Fl.; Oleo- 
resina Lupulinse. 



74 HUE 

*Huba. Assacon. 

Emeto-cathartic; considered useful in elephantia- 
sis. 

Dose. 1 gr. of juice in pill, or £) j of bark in Oj 
water daily. 
^Hydean'gea. Hydrangea. 

Used in urinary calculi. 

Dose. A teaspoonful of strong syrup thrice daily. 
Hydeae'gyei Chlo'eidum Coeeosi'vtjm. Cor- 
rosive Chloride of Mercury. HgCl 2 . 

Soluble in 16 parts water and 3 of alcohol, in 2 
parts boiling water, 1.2 boiling alcohol, and in 4 
parts ether. 

Externally stimulant, escharotic; internally alter- 
ative, antisyphilitic. Solution of 1 part in 2000 of 
water an efficient germicide. 

Use. In venereal complaints with the greatest ad- 
vantage, when a quick and general action is re- 
quired ; but its effects are not permanent. In, lepra, 
combined with antimonials; and in chronic rheuma- 
tism. Dissolved in the proportion of gr. iij to 
water Oj, as a gargle in venereal sore throats; and 
a little stronger we have found it useful as a gargle 
in breaking the abscess in cynanche tonsillaris. It 
is applied externally to tetters, and for destroying 
fungus; grs. ivin water Oj is a good wash in scabies. 
It may be given clysterwise when the stomach will 
not bear it. Great caution is necessary in using it 
externally. 

Dose. T V~i gr- i n piU or solution; g ss to Oj lime- 
water forms the yellow wash, of aqua phagedsena. 

Prep. Hyd. Ox. Flav. ; Hyd. Ammoniatum. 
Hydeae'gyei Chlo'eidum Mi / te. Calomel. 
Hg 2 Cl 2 . 

Insoluble in water, alcohol or ether. 

The most valuable mercurial preparation. 



HYD 75 

In small doses alterative, in larger pnrgative. 

An tisyphilitic, alterative ; in large doses purgative. 

Use. In venereal diseases and chronic hepatitis, 
combined with opium ; in scrofula with cicuta ; in 
convulsive affections with opium, camphor, assa- 
foetida, etc; in dropsies with squill, foxglove, and 
elaterium; and in rheumatism and lepra with anti- 
monials, guaiacum, and other sudorincs. As a pur- 
gative in any case not attended with intestinal 
inflammation; generally united with purgatives, 
as gamboge, scammony, jalap or rhubarb. 

Dose. As alterative in hepatic derangement, J 
gr.-l gr. every night, or every other night, with a 
gentle saline laxative in the morning. In irritable 
stomach or bowels, J- J gr. every hour or two (1-2 
grs. a day). As a purge, 5-15 grs. A powder 
made by triturating well with 10 times its weight 
of sugar acts as a laxative in 10-gr. doses, and 1-2 
grs. as a mild alterative. 

Prep. Pil. Antim. Comp. ; Pil. Cathart. Comp. 
Hydeae'gyei Cyan'idttm. Cyanide of Mercury. 
Hg(CN) 2 . 

A potent poison. Sometimes used in syphilis. 

Dose. T \ gr. 
Hydeae'gyei Iod / idum Ku'beum. Eed Iodide of 
Mercury (Biniodide). Hgl 2 . 

Insoluble in water; soluble in 130 parts alcohol, 
and 15 of boiling alcohol; in solution of iodide of 
potassium and of mercuric chloride. 

Has been used in syphilis in y 1 ^- gr. doses. 

Prep. Liq. Arsen. etHyd. Iod.; Ung. Hyd. Iod. 
Rub. 
Hydeae'gyei Iod'idum Yie / ide. Green Iodide of 
Mercury (Protiodide). Hg 2 I 2 . 

Insoluble in water, alcohol or ether. 

Use. In strumous affections and lepra; as an ex- 



76 HYD 

ternal application. The iodides of mercury are 
among our most powerful alteratives, uniting in 
their effects the properties of both their constitu- 
ents. They affect the mouth more speedily than 
other mercurials, and are particularly indicated in 
scrofula and secondary syphilis, in scrofulous 
habits. Externally they are used successfully in 
ulcers, ill-conditioned sores, swelled joints, where 
we wish to promote the action of the absorbents; 
and neuralgic affections. 

Dose. 1 gr. per day; should not be given with 
iodide of potassium. 
Hydeae'gyei Ox / idum Fla / vum. Yellow Oxide 
of Mercury. HgO. 

Less irritant than the red oxide. 

Prep. Oleat. Hydr. ; Ung. Hydr. Oxid. Flavi. 
*Hydeae'gyei Ox / idum Nig / eum. Black Oxide 
of Mercury. 

Use. In scrofula and cutaneous affections, and as 
an alterative in venereal diseases. 

Dose. J-igr. 
Hydeae'gyei Ox / idum Ru / beum. Eed Oxide of 
Mercury. HgO. 

Prep. Liq. Hydr. Nit.; Ung. Hyd. Oxid. Rub. 
Hydeae / gyei Subsui/phas Fla / ytjs. Yellow Sub- 
sulphate of Mercury. Hg(HgO) 2 S0 4 . 

Soluble in 2000 parts cold and 600 of boiling 
water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Alterative, emetic, errhine. 

Dose. \-\ gr. as alterative, 2-5 grs. as emetic. 
Hydeae / gyei Sui/phas. Sulphate of Mercury. 

Turpath mineral. Hg,S0 4 . 
Hydeae'gybi Sulphi / dum Ru'beum. Red Sulph- 
ide of Mercury. Cinnabar. HgS. 

Insoluble. 

Used as a sialagogue by fumigation. 



HYO 77 

Hydeae'gyeum. Mercury. Quicksilver. Hg. 

Sometimes, but rarely used in metallic state, in 
obstructed bowels. 
Hydra eg yeum Ammoniatum. Ammonia ted Mer- 
cury. White precipitate, NH 2 HgCl. 

Insoluble. 

Prep. Ung. Hyd. Ammon. 

Use. With lard as an external application in 
scabies and other cutaneous affections. 
Hydeae / gyeum cum Cee / ta. Mercury with Chalk, 

A mild mercurial. An alterative suitable to 
diseases of children with defective secretion of bile. 

Dose. 2-3 grs. for a child; 5-30 for an adult, 
twice a day. 
Hydeas'tis. Golden seal. Yellow root. 

Tonic, astringent, alterative. 

Use. In infusion as collyria, to old ulcers; in gleet, 
gonorrhoea, etc. 

Dose, ^ss-^j of fluid extract to Oj water, as in- 
jection in gonorrhoea, etc. Internally the fluid 
extract oftenest used. The " eclectics," under the 
name of hydrastin, use the impure hydrochlorate 
of berberina in doses of 3-5 grs. 
Hyoscyami'nje Sui/phas. . Sulphate of Hyoscya- 
mine. (C 17 H 23 N0 3 ) 2 H 2 S0 4 . 

Soluble in water and alcohol. 

Useful in the restlessness of mania. 

Dose. gV gr. gradually increased. 
Hyoscy / amus. Hyoscyamus. Fleabane. 

Sedative; similar to belladonna, but more hyp- 
notic. 

Use. In epilepsy, hysteria, palpitation, palsy, 
mania, and seirrhus, as a substitute for opium to 
procure sleep in nervous habits, pertussis, asthma, 
catarrh, gout, rheumatism, externally as a cata- 
plasm in cancer and glandular swellings; and to 



78 HYP 

dilate the pupil, or in fine powder sprinkled on 
cancerous sores, to allay pain. 

Dose. Of leaves 5-10 grs. ; extract 2-3 grs. ; alco- 
holic extract 1-2 grs. increased gradually; tincture 

Prep. Abstract. Hyoscy. ; Ext. Hyos. Aleoholi- 

cum ; Ext. Hyos. Fl. ; Tinct. Hyos. 

*Hypee / icum. St. John's-wort. 

Astringent, balsamic. 

Dose. % ij or more of the summits in domestic 

practice. Oleum hyperici, made by macerating ^ iv 

of the tops in Oj olive oil, used for bruises. 

*Hys / sopus. Hyssop. 

Stimulant, aromatic. Used in infusion. 
I'bekis. Bitter Candytuft. 

Used in rheumatism, asthma and dropsy. 
Dose. Of seeds 1-3 grs. 
Ichthyocoi/la. Isinglass. 

Nutritive, demulcent, adhesive. 

Prep. Emplast. Ichth. 

Use. As a diet for the sick and convalescent, and 

infants troubled with acidity of the primae viae. As 

an article of diet and in cholera infantum, far 

preferable to vegetable farinaceous substances, as 

arrowroot, etc. The English court-plaster is made 

with it. 

Igna'tia. Ignatia bean. 

Similar to nux vomica. 

Dose. J gr.-l gr. extract in pill, 3 times a day. 
Prep. Abstract. Ignat. ; Tinct. Ignat. 
*I'lex. Holly. 

The bitter principle, ilisin, has been proposed as 
a substitute for quinia. 
Illic/ium. Star-anise. 

Carminative. Used to prepare oil of anise. 



iod 79 

*Impa / tiens. Touch-me-not. 

Acrid, emetic, cathartic, diuretic. 
An ointment, made by boiling the plant in lard, 
is used in piles. 
*Impeeato / eia. Master wort. 

Stimulant, aromatic. 
*In / digo. 

Has been used in epilepsy. 
Dose. BJ-3J. 
In'tjla. Elecampane. 

Tonic, and gently stimulant. 
Use. In dyspepsia, paralysis, dropsies, asthma. 
Dose. 9 j— 3J of powder; §j-§ij decoction (§ss 
toOj). 
*I(/dide of E'thyl. Hydriodic Ether. C 2 H 5 I. 
Useful in chronic pulmonary diseases. 
Dose. 15 drops inhaled from a handkerchief 3 or 
4 times a day. 
Iodofor / mum. Iodoform. CHI 3 . 

Insoluble in water; soluble in 80 parts alcohol, 
12 parts boiling alcohol, 5.2 of ether, in chloroform 
and oils. 

Used as antiseptic surgical dressing, in vaginal 
and other suppositories (7.5 iodoform with 2.5 
drachms of cacao butter), etc. Odor best neutralizes 
by volatile oil, as peppermint. 

*IODOHYDEAE / GYRATE OP POTASSIUM. 

Useful in pulmonary and gastric diseases, amenor- 
rhcea, etc. (Best made by adding to % j distilled 
water 4 J grs. red iodide of mercury and then 4-6 grs. 
of iodide of potassium, so as to dissolve the other.) 

Dose. 2-5 drops 3 times a day, in compound 
syrup of sarsaparilla. 
Io'dum. Iodine. I. 

A general excitant, especially of the absorbent 
and glandular systems. 



80 IPE 

Use. In bronchocele and other glandular swell- 
ings, not of scirrhous nature, scrofula, dropsy, 
cutaneous diseases, secondary syphilis, rheumatism, 
gout, hepatitis; to bring on menstruation in young 
females in whom it has not occurred; to assist the 
cicatrization of venereal ulcers. 

Dose. I gr.-l gr. in solution with iodide of potass. 
Ipecacuanha. Ipecac. 

Emetic in large doses, diaphoretic, expectorant, 
and in small doses stimulant to the stomach. 

Dose. As emetic 9 j alone or in union with 1 gr. 
tartar emetic; as diaphoretic 1 gr.; as alterative |— § 
gr. 2 or 3 times a day. 

Prep. Ext. Ipecac. Fl. ; Pulv. Ipec. et Opii. ; Vin. 
Ipecac. 
Fris. Blue-flag. 

Cathartic, emetic, diuretic. 

Under the unscientific name of irisin the l ' Eclec- 
tics ' ' use an oleoresin, which is purgative in doses 
of 3-4 grs. 

Dose. Of dried root 10-20 grs. 
Jala'pa. Jalap. 

An active cathartic. 

Use. In costiveness, mania, worms, and as a hy- 
dragogue in dropsy. It is also a good adjunct to 
quicken the operation of chloride of mercury, and 
other slow purgatives; a drop of essential oil pre- 
vents its griping. 

Dose. 15-30 grs. 

Prep. Abstract. Jalap; Pulv. Jal. Comp. 
Jug 7 lA]s t s. Butternut. 

Mild cathartic. 

Use. In habitual costiveness; fevers, combined 
with calomel ; hepatic diseases with dandelion. 

Dose. Of extract 20-30 grs. ; 5 grs. as laxative. 

Prep. Ext. Jug. 






KEA 81 

Jtjni'peeus. Juniper. 

Berries gently stimulant and diuretic. 
Use. In dropsies; but they cannot be depended 
on alone, although they are an admirable adjunct 
to digitalis and squills. 

Dose. 9 j- 3 j ; infusion of § j to Oj boiling water 
to be taken during 24 hours. 
Prep. 01. Junip. 
*Juni / peeus Viegixia'xa. Red cedar. 
Similar to savine, but less energetic. 
Use. In amenorrheea, chronic rheumatism, 
dropsy; externally, as an irritant ointment, made 
by boiling the fresh leaves in twice their weight of 
lard, and adding a little wax; or the dried leaves 
may be mixed with 6 times their weight of resin 
cerate. Applied to blistered surfaces to keep up a 
purulent discharge; inferior to the savine. 
*Kalmia. Mountain laurel. 

A dangerous remedy. Used in diarrhoea, syphi- 
lis, etc. 
Kama'la. Kama] a. 

Active purgative. Used in tapeworm. 
Dose. 3j-3iij, suspended in water, mucilage or 
syrup. ■ 

Ki'no. Kino. 

Powerful astringent. 

Use. In obstinate chronic diarrhoeas ; uterine, in- 
testinal, and pulmonary hemorrhages, fluor albus. 
Dose. 10-30 grs. of powder. Often applied lo- 
cally. 
Koumiss. 

A fermented milk prepared by Tartars from 
mare's milk, but imitated with cow's milk, and 
used in diseases of emaciation. 
Keame / eia-. Rhatany. 
Astringent, tonic. 
6 



82 LAC 

Use. In dysentery, attended with bloody stools; 
in ulceration of the gums, and as a stomachic in 
dyspepsia. 

Dose. 20-30 grs. ; extract 15-20 grs. ; tincture 
Jij-^iij; syrup g ss. 

Prep. Ext. Kram. ; Ext. Kram. Fl. ; Syr. Kram. ; 
Tinct. Kram. 
Lactuca'eium. Lactucarium. 

Anodyne. Used to allay cough and nervous irri- 
tation. 

Use. In coughs, phthisis pulmonalis, and all 
painful affections. 
Dose. 5-15 grs. 

Prep. Ext. Lact. Fl. ; Syr. Lact. 
Lap'pa. Burdock. 

Aperient, diaphoretic. 
Laei'cis Coe / tex. Larch bark. 
Astringent, gently stimulant. 
Dose. Extract 3-5 grs. ; tincture gss-gj. 
Lau'eocee'asi Fo / lia. Cherry-laurel leaves. 

Properties those of hydrocyanic acid. Uncertain. 
Lavandula. Lavender. 

Aromatic, stimulant and tonic. 
Prep. 01. Lavand. ; Vin. Aromaticum. 
Leptan'dea. Culver's root. 

Violent cathartic, emetic. " Eclectics" use it 
and the impure resin, which they call leptandrin, 
as a cholagogue, instead of mercurials. 

Dose. Powder 20 grs.-gj; impure resin 2-4 grs. 
Prep. Ext. Leptand. ; Ext. Lept. Fl. 
^Lia'teis. Button Snakeroot. 
Diuretic, cholagogue, laxative. 
Dose. Fluid extract ^j-^ij. 
^Ligus'ticum. Loveage. 

Stimulant, aromatic. Test for limestone water, 
which it turns blue. 



LIT 83 

*Lll/lUM. White lily. 

Mucilaginous. 
Limc/nes. Lemons. 

Juice is refrigerant, and useful in rheumatism, 
scurvy, etc. The cortex is used in stomachic in- 
fusions and tinctures. 
Prep. Mist. Potas. Citrat. ; Syr. Limonis. 
Li / num. Flaxseed. 

Demulcent and emollient. 

Dose, gss of seeds infused in Oj boiling water; 
useful in catarrh, urinary and bowel complaints. 
*Li 7 num Cathar'ticum. Purging Flax. 
Gentle cathartic. 
Dose. Extract 4-8 grs. 
*Liquidam / ber. Sweet Gum. 

Astringent. Used in diarrhoea, etc. 
Dose, ^j of syrup, prepared like syrup of wild 
cherry bark. 
*Lieioden / deon. Tulip tree. 

Stimulant, tonic and diaphoretic. 
Use. In intermittents, chronic rheumatism, dys- 
pepsia, etc. 

Dose, gss-gij of powdered bark. 
Lith'ii Ben'zoas. Benzoate of Lithium. LiC 7 
H 5 2 . 

Soluble in 4 parts water, 12 alcohol, 2.5 boiling 
water and 10 of boiling alcohol. 
Commended as a remedy in gout. 
Dose. 15-30 grs. in aromatized water. 
Lith / ii Bkomi'dtjm. Bromide of Lithium. LiBr. 
Soluble in water and alcohol. 
Said to be more hypnotic than other bromides. 
Dose. 15-30 grs. 
Lith / ii Carbc/nas. Carbonate of Lithium. Li 2 
C0 2 . 
Soluble in 130 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 



84 LIT 

Useful in gout and the uric acid diathesis. By 
injection for solution of uric acid calculi. 

Dose. 5-15 grs. in carbonic acid water. 
Lxth'ii Ci'tbas. Citrate of Lithium. Li 3 C 6 H 5 7 . 

Soluble in 5.5 parts water, 2.5 boiling water, 
slightly soluble in alcohol. 

Same effect as carbonate, but less disagreeable. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. 
Lith / ii Salicy / las. Salicylate of Lithium. 2Li 
C v H 5 3 .H 2 0. 

Soluble in water and alcohol. 

A remedy in gout and rheumatism. 

Dose. 20-40 grs. in aromatized syrup. 
Lobe / lia. Lobelia. 

Emetic. Used in bronchial spasm and asthma. 

Dose. Tincture 15n\, hourly till effectual. 

Prep. Acet. Lobel.; Ext. Lobel. Fl. ; Tinct. 
Lobel. 
^Loni'cera. Honeysuckle. 

A syrup of the flowers used in asthma, etc. 
Lycopc/dium. 

Absorbent. Earely used, except to cover pills. 
^Lycc/pus. Bugle-weed. 

Mild aromatic and astringent. 

Use. In affections of the lungs, quiets irritation, 
allays cough, diminishes pulse. 

Dose. Infusion, ad libitum. 
^Ly'thrum. Loosestrife. 

Demulcent and astringent. 

Dose. Powder 3 j ; decoction ^ ij 2 or 3 times a 
day. 
Ma / cis. Mace. 

See Myristica. 
Magne'sia. Calcined Magnesia. 

Almost insoluble. 

Antacid, laxative. 



MAG 85 

Use, In heartburn, aphthae, and other acidities; 
preferable to chalk when the bowels are costive. 
Sometimes it is given in dysentery, combined with 
ipecacuanha and opium, and followed by successive 
draughts of lemonade. 

Dose. 9J-3J. 

Prep. Ferri Oxid. Hydrat. cum Magnes. ; Massa. 
Copaibas; Pulv. Rhei. Comp ; Trochisci Magnes. 
Magne'sii Cakbo'nas. Carbonate of Magnesium. 
•(MgC0 3 ) 4 Mg(HO) 2 .5H 2 0. 

Nearly insoluble. 

Antacid, laxative. 

Use. Same as magnesia, but sometimes causes 
distention. 

Dose. 3ss-£j in water or milk. 

Prep. Liq. Magnes. Cit. ; Mist. Magnes et Assa- 
fcet. 
Magne / sii Ci / teas Granula'ttjs. Granulated 
Citrate of Magnesium. 

Soluble in 2 parts water; nearly insoluble in 
alcohol. 

A mild cathartic. 

Dose. 1-3 tablespoonfuls. 
Magns / sii Sui/phas. Sulphate of Magnesium. 
MgS0 4 .7H 2 0. 

Soluble in .8 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Active cathartic. 

Use. In all cases which require purgatives. It 
operates without griping, and, when united with 
infusion of roses acidulated, will sit on the 
stomach when all other things are rejected. The 
less it is diluted, if a draught of warm water be 
taken an hour afterward, the better and more easily 
it operates. An adjunct to clysters. 

Dose. % j combined with senna, etc. 

Prep. Infus. Sennae Comp. 



86 MAG 

Magne'sii Sui/phis. Sulphite of Magnesium. 
MgS0 3 .6H 2 0. 

Soluble. in 20 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 
Like other sulphites considered germicide. Less 
disagreeable than others. 
Dose. 15 grs.-gss. 
Magnc/lia. 

Stimulant, aromatic and diaphoretic. 
Use. In intermittents, chronic rheumatism and 
gastric debility. 

Dose, g ss-£j of recently-dried bark. 
*Malambo. Winter' s-bark. 

Aromatic, tonic, febrifuge. 
Mai/tum. Malt. 

Prep. Ext. Malti. 
*Malva. Mallow. 

Demulcent. 
*Mandragoba. Mandrake. 

Narcotic, poison. Said to have been used by 
ancients as anaesthetic. 
Man'gant Ox / idum Nigrum. Black Oxide of 
Manganese. Mn0 2 . 
Insoluble. 
Tonic, alterative. 
Dose. 3-20 grs. 3 times a day. 
Man'gant Sui/phas. Sulphate of Manganese. 
MnS0 4 .4H 2 0.. 

Soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol. 
Cholagogue, tonic. 

Dose. As purgative ^j-gij; tonic 5-20 grs. 
Man'na. 

Soluble in 3 parts cold and its own weight of 
boiling water, and in alcohol. 

A gentle laxative, sometimes produces flatu- 
lence. 

Use. A purgative for children, who take it readily 



MEB 87 

on account of its sweetness; more generally used 
as an adjunct to other purgatives. 

Dose. ^ j- § ij ; for children 3 j - 3 iv. 

Prep. Infus. Sennae Comp. 
Maeeu'bium. Horehound. 

Tonic, in large doses laxative. 

Use. In hysteria, chronic catarrh and pituitous 
asthma. 

Dose. £ss-3j. Used also in syrup and candy. 
Mas'tiche. Mastic. 

Use. Formerly as turpentine, now in ethereal 
solution to carious teeth. 

Prep. Pil. Aloes et Mast. 
Mati / co. 

Aromatic, tonic, stimulant, diuretic. 

Dose. 3 ss- % ij 3 times a day. 

Prep. Ext. Mat. Fl. ; Tinct. Mat. 
Mateica'eia. German Chamomile. 

Similar to chamomile. 
^Megaeehi'za. Manroot. 

Active cathartic. 
Mel. Honey. 

Aperient. Used as a vehicle. 
Melis / sa. Balm. 

Stomachic. Used in infusion in febrile diseases. 
Mestispee'mum. Moonseed. 

Substitute for sarsaparilla. 
Mentha Pipeei / ta. Peppermint. 

Stomachic, carminative. 

Prep. 01. Menth. Pip.; Spiritus Menth. Pip.; 
Vin. Aromat. 
Mentha Vie / idis. Spearmint. 

Stomachic, carminative. 

Prep. 01. Menth. Vir. ; Spts. Menth. Yir. 
*Meeeyan / thes. Buckbean. 

Tonic, cathartic, emetic. 



88 MES 

Use. In intermittents, arthritic and chronic rheu- 
matic affections, in cachectic and herpetic diseases. 
Dose. 9j-3ss. 
"^Meseu'na. Bissuna. 

Abyssinian vermifuge. 
^Mesq/uite Gum. 

A substitute for Gum Arabic. 
*Meth 7 ylene Bichlo'ride. 

Anaesthetic. Proposed as a substitute for chlo- 
roform. 
*Methyi/ic Alcohol. Wood spirit. 

10-40 drops in water used as sedative and anti- 
emetic. Alcohol diluted with at least ^ of this is 
menthylated spirit 
Meze'beum. 

Epispastic externally; internally diaphoretic, 
cathartic, emetic. 

Use. In venereal diseases, but its efficacy is 
doubtful. It is sometimes used in the sequelae of 
syphilis; in chronic rheumatism, lepra, and scrofu- 
lous swellings ; and chewing frequently thin slices 
of the recent root has been found useful in palsy of 
the tongue; externally, the fresh bark, soaked in 
vinegar, is useful for keeping open issues. 
Dose. In substance 10 grs. 

Prep. Decoct. Sarsap. Comp. ; Ext. Mezerei; Ext. 
Mezer. Fl. ; Ext. Sarsap. Comp. Fl. 
*Mimor / dica. Balsam-apple. 

Extract in 6-15 grs. used in dropsy. 
^Mitchel'lia. Checker-berry. 

Diuretic, astringent. Like Pipsissewa. 
^Monar'da. Horsemint. 
Stimulant, carminative. 

Oil of horsemint a useful liniment. Monardin, 
which often separates from the oil, is isomeric with 
thymol. 



MOS 89 

Use. In flatulent colic and sick stomach. 
*Monse / sia. 

Alterative, astringent. 

Dose. 2-10 grs. 
Mo / ri Suc / cus. Mulberry juice. 

Laxative, febrifuge. 
Mobphi'xa. Morphine. C 17 H 19 X0 3 .H 2 0. 

Strictly soluble in cold water; soluble in 500 
parts boiling water, 100 parts alcohol, 36 parts 
boiling alcohol ; nearly insoluble in ether. 

Chief narcotic principle of opium. 

Dose. J gr. equivalent to 1 gr. of opium. 
Moephi'xje Ace / tas. Acetate of Morphine. 
C^ 7H1 9XO 3 .HC2H3O3.3H2O. 

Soluble in 12 parts water and 68 parts alcohol, 
in 60 parts chloroform. 

Dose. }-h gr. 
Mobphi'x.e Hydbochlo'eas. Hydrochlorate of 
Morphine. C 17 H 19 X0 3 .HC1.3H 2 0. 

Soluble in 24 parts water and 63 of alcohol, in .5 
boiling water and 31 boiling alcohol; insoluble in 
ether. 

Dose. }-j gr. 
Mobphi'x.e Sri/PHAS. Sulphate of Morphine. 
(C 17 H 19 X0 3 ) 2 H 2 S0 4 .5H 2 0. 

Soluble in 24 parts water and 702 of alcohol, in 
.75 of boiling water and 144 of boiling alcohol. 

Dose. ^ gr. Magendie 1 s Solution contains 16 grs. 
to §j. 
Mos / chus. Musk. 

10 per cent, soluble in alcohol, 50 per cent, in 
water. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic. 

Use. In spasmodic affections, as hysteria, sin-* 
gultus, pertussis, trismus, and epilepsy. In typhus 
attended with subsultus tendinum; in cholera it 



90 MUG 

checks the vomiting ; and it arrests the progress of 
gangrene. It raises the pulse and excites the 
nervous system without heating. 

Dose. 10 grs. in pill or emulsion. 
^Mucu'na. Cowhage. 

Vermifuge. 

Mixed with molasses, a teaspoonful to a table- 
spoonful every morning for 3 days, followed by a 
cathartic. 
*Musk, Artificial. 

Antispasmodic. 

Dose. 10 grs. 
*Myb / ica. Bay-berry. 

Bark tonic and astringent. 

Dose. 20-30 grs. powder, 5 grs. alcoholic extract. 
Mybis / tica. Nutmeg. 

Stimulant, aromatic and narcotic. 

Use. To relieve nausea and vomiting, and to 
check diarrhoea; but chiefly to give flavor to other 
remedies. Being narcotic, they are hurtful to 
apoplectic and paralytic habits. 

Dose. Of nutmeg and mace 5-20 grs. ; oil 2-5 
drops. 

Prep. Acetum Opii ; Pulv. Aromat. ; Tinct. 
Lavand. C. ; Syr. Ehei. C. ; Trochisci Cretse; Troch. 
Magnes. ; Troch. Sod. Bicarb. 
Myr'rha. Myrrh. 

Partly soluble in water, alcohol and ether. 

Stimulant,* tonic, with tendency to lungs and 
uterus. 

Use. In cachectic complaints, humoral asthma, 
chronic catarrh and phthisis pulmonaris unat- 
tended by hectic or active inflammation. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. 

Prep. Pil. Aloes et Myrrhae ; Pil. Fer. C. ; Pil. 
Gall. C. ; Tinct. Aloes et Myrrhse ; Tinct. Myrrhae. 



opi 91 

*Naph / thalin. 

Stimulant, expectorant. 

Use. For disorders of the chest in the "West Indies ; 
for tapeworm in Germany, by mixing with one and 
a half parts of assafoetida, 40 drops three times a 
day. Has been recommended as cure for consump- 
tion, and in cutaneous diseases. 

Dose. 8-30 grs. in syrup or emulsion. 

Prevents insect ravages in museums. 
*Naecis / sus. Daffodil. 

Emetic, diaphoretic. 

Dose. 9j-gij or 2-3 grs. extract as emetic. 
Nectan'dr^:. Bebeeru bark. 

Tonic, astringent, febrifuge. 

Dose. 9j-3J or 2-5 grs. of sulphate of beberine. 

*NlTEOGLYC / EEIN. 

Similar in effects to nitrite of amyl. Used in 
angina. 

Dose. 1-2 drops of 1 per cent, alcoholic solution. 
Nux Vom / ica. 

See Strychnina. 

Prep. Abst. N. Yom. ; Ext. N. Yom. ; Ext. N. 
Vom. Fl. ; Tinct. N. Vom. 
*On / ion. Garden onion. 

Stimulant, diuretic, expectorant, rubefacient. 
* Dose. A teaspoonful of juice with sugar. 
/ pium. 

Stimulant in small doses, in larger narcotic. 

Contains many alkaloids, as morphine, narcotine, 
codeine, thebaine, narceine, etc. 

Use. In all painful affections, where the inflam- 
matory diathesis is not very considerable ; in diar- 
rhoea and dysentery; intermittents; in typhus, in 
smaller doses as a cordial, in larger to allay irrita- 
tion and produce sleep; cholera and pyrosis; in 
rheumatism when inflammatory fever is not 



92 opi 

present; retrocedent gout; and in convulsive and 
spasmodic diseases. When combined with calomel, 
in inflammation, after bloodletting, and in syphilis, 
as well as to arrest the progress of gangrene. It is 
employed in a watery solution, containing gr. ij in 
f g j of water, as an injection in gonorrhoea and spas- 
modic stricture, and as an adjunct to clysters in 
diarrhoea; and by friction, united with oil in 
tetanus and other spasms. 

Ineomp. Lime-water, alkaline carbonates, bi- 
chloride of mercury, nitrate of silver, sulphates of 
zinc, copper and iron, infusion of yellow bark, 
astringent infusions and decoctions, solutions of 
catechu and of kino ; acetates of lead. 

"^V^When opium has been taken as a poison, the 
stomach should be first evacuated by the stomach- 
pump, worked with infusion of yellow bark, or by 
emetics containing very little water, and, after the 
whole of the opium has been evacuated, aromatic 
stimulants given, and mustard cataplasms applied 
externally. 

Dose. In substance or tincture the dose varies ac- 
cording to purpose and effect; from J gr. in catarrh 
and diarrhoea to 75 grs. in 24 hours in acute peri- 
tonitis. When large doses are required, they should 
be divided and given at intervals, the patient 
watched and remedy suspended when narcosis 
begins. The medium dose is 1 gr. For an over- 
dose, the stomach-pump should be used, or emetics, 
as mustard flour, sulphate of zinc and ipecacuanha, 
supplemented by artificial respiration, shaking, and 
other forced exercise, the galvanic brush, and the 
hypodermic use of ^o to 5V gr. atropine repeated as 
often as necessary. Coffee, ad libitum, may be 
used. 

Prep. Pil. Opii; Opium Denarcot. ; Opii Pulv.; 



PAP 93 

Tinct. Opii ; Tinct. Opii Comp. ; Tinct. Opii 
Deodorata; Tinct. Glycyrrh. et Opii; Vin. Opii. 
O'pioi Denaecotisa'tum. Denarcotized Opium. 

Dose. Same as opium. 
^popax'ax. 

Formerly used as antispasmodic, etc. 
Dose. 10-30 grs. 
*Oeeodaph / ne. California bay-laurel. 

Oil resembles a mixture of oils of nutmegs and 
cardamon. 
Oeig'anum. Wild Marjoram. 

Tonic, stomachic, emmenagogue. Seldom used. 
Substituted by oil of thyme. 
^Oeoban / che. Beech-drops. Cancer-root. 

A parasite or root of the beech. Astringent. 
*Oxalis. Wood-sorrel. 

Refrigerant, useful in scurvy. 
Dose. 4 grs. 3 times a day. 
*Paxax. Ginseng. 

Demulcent. The Chinese panacea. 
Papa'veeis Cap'sul^. Poppy capsules. 

A feeble narcotic. A decoction used as fomenta- 
tion. 

Use. Externally as a fomentation ( § iv of the 
dried heads being bruised and boiled in Oiv of 
water to Oij ), to inflamed or ulcerated parts. The 
addition of a little distilled vinegar aids the nar- 
cotic power of the decoction. 
*Papa 7 ya. 

The j uice of the papaya fruit, like the carnivor- 
ous plants, has power to dissolve animal flesh, or 
fibrin. Further study may furnish us in this direc- 
tion with a solvent for pathological new formations. 
Paeei'ea. 

Tonic, aperient, diuretic. Used in chronic dis- 
ease of the urinary passages. 



94 PAR 

Dose, gss-^j; Tinct. ^j; Fl. Ext. 3SS-3J. 
Prep. Ext. Pareir. Fl. 
^Parieta'ria. Wall pellitory. 

A decoction used in urinary and dropsical com- 
plaints, and a poultice of plant to painful tumors. 
^Peach-leaves. 

Laxative and sedative. 

Dose. 3 ss of infusion ( ^ ss-Oj boiling water) 3 
or 4 times a day in whooping-cough, etc. 
Pe'po. Pumpkin seed. 

Used to expel tapeworm. 
Dose. §j-^jss seeds in the morning, fasting, a 
cup of tea or coffee after an hour, 2 hours after a 
brisk cathartic. 
Pepsi'num Sacchara / tum. Saccharated pepsin. 
Used in failure of digestion. 
Dose. % ss; to a babe 6 months old 5 grs. 
*Per / oxide of Hydrogen. Oxygenized water. 
H 2 2 . 

Has been brought into notice as a remedy in 
numerous affections requiring oxygen. 
Petroleum. Eock oil. See Naphthalen. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic, diaphoretic. Poison- 
ous in large doses. Externally used in rheumatism 
and skin diseases. 
Dose. 20-30 drops. 
Phosphorus. 

Insoluble in water, in 350 parts absolute alcohol 

and in 50 parts of oil ; largely in disulphide of carbon. 

A general nerve stimulant. Poisonous in large 

doses. 

Dose. T Jo to T V gr* given cautiously. 
Prep. Acid Phosph. ; 01. Phosph. 
^Physa / lis. Alkekengi. Winter cherry. 
Aperient, diuretic. 
Dose. §j expressed juice. 



PIL 95 

Physostig/ma. Calabar bean. 

Its alkaloid, eeerine, is soluble in ether, alcohol 
or chloroform, but sparingly in water. 

Sedative to the spine. Used in tetanus and as 
antidote to strychnine. 

Hose. | gr. alcoholic extract. oVr^ tincture. A 
drop or two of a solution of sulphate of eserine to 9 
parts water to contract the pupil of the eye, or discs 
of gelatine with definite quantities of extract. 

Prep. Ext. Physostig. : Tinct. Physo. 
Physostigmi/x^e "Salicy'las. Salicylate of Phv- 
sostigraine. C 15 H 21 N 3 2 C 7 H 6 3 . 

Has the medical properties of its base. 

Dose. Uncertain ; T ] - gr. internally ; for the eye 
1-2 grs. to 5 j solution. 
Phytolacca. Poke berries and root. 

Emetic, purgative, alterative, narcotic. 

Dose. As emetic 10-30 grs. ; alterative 1-5 grs. ; 
3 j of saturated tincture of berries 3 times a day. 
The juice evaporated to an extract used as an 
escharotic by cancer doctors. 
Piceotoxi'xtm. Picrotoxin. C 9 H 10 O 4 . 

Of doubtful value in epilepsy. 

Dose. 2-30 drops of saturated tincture. 
Pilocarpi 'x.e Hydeochlo'eas. Hvdrochlorate of 
Pilocarpine. CnHj 6 N 2 2 .HCL 

Soluble in water and alcohol; insoluble in ether. 

Dose, i gr. repeated; hypodermically in watery 
solution. Sometimes used as a myotic by oculists. 
Pilocae'pls. Jaborandi. 

A powerful and reliable diaphoretic. To the 
eye, it contracts the pupil. Pilocarpine and atro- 
pine are antagonistic. 

Dose. 20-60 grs. in water or as fluid extract; 
in small doses often repeated. 

Prep. Ext. Pilocarp. Fl. 



96 PIM 

Pimen / ta. Allspice. 

Warm, aromatic stimulant. 

Use. As a condiment, and as an adjunct to other 
medicines. 

Dose. 5-40 grs. 
*Pimpinei/la. Saxifrage. 

Diaphoretic, diuretic, stomachic. 

Dose, gss; ^ij of infusion. 
Pi / pee. Pepper. 

Warm, carminative stimulant. 

Dose. 5-20 grs. , or 1-6 grs. piperine. 

Prep. Oleores. Pip. 
Piperita. Piperine. C 17 H 19 N0 3 . 

Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol and ether. 
PlX Burgtjn'dica. Burgundy pitch. 

Gentle rubefacient. Used as plaster. 

Prep. Emplast. Ferri. ; Emplast. Picis. Burg.; 
Emplast. Picis cum Canthar. 
Pix Canadensis. Hemlock pitch. 

Prep. Emplast. Picis Canad. 
PlX Liq / utda. Tar. 

Similar to turpentine, but less irritant. 

Dose. Its vapor inhaled is serviceable in some 
bronchial affections. Externally, is a stimulant in 
eczema, etc. ^ss-gj in pill or electuary in- 
ternally. 

Prep. Syr. Picis Liq. ; Ung. Picis Liq. 
^Planta'go. Plantain. 

Kefrigerant, feeble diuretic.- 

Leaves used as poultice for sores. 
*Plati / num Chlc/ride. PtCl 4 5H 2 0. 

Consideredalterative,like iodine, arsenic and gold. 

Dose. i~2 grs. twice a day, in pill. 
Plum / bi Ace'tas. Acetate of lead. Sugar of lead. 
Pb(C 2 H 3 2 ) 2 3H 2 0. 

Soluble in 1.8 parts water and 8 of alcohol. 



pod 97 

Astringent and sedative. In overdoses irritant 
poison. Small doses long continued produce coliea 
pictonum. 

Use. Internally in visceral hemorrhages washed 
down with water acidulated with distilled vinegar, 
which seems to prevent its deleterious effects. Ex- 
ternally, in solution in phlegmonous inflamma- 
tions, burns, bruises, gonorrhoea, etc. 

Dose. 1-3 grs. in pill every 2-3 hours. Ex- 
ternally, gij-^iij to Oj water, with a few drops of 
acetic acid; as collyrium 1-2 grs. to § j distilled 
water. 

Prep. Liq. Plumb. Subacet. 
Plum / bi Cakbo'nas. Carbonate of lead. (PbC0 3 ) 2 
Pb(HO) 2 . 

Astringent, sedative. Used only as ointment. 

Prep. Ung. Plumb. Carb. 
Plum'bi Iod / idum. Iodide of lead. Pbl 2 . 

.Employed to disperse scrofulous and other indo- 
lent tumors. 

Prep. Ung. Plumb. Iod. _ 
Plum'bi Ni'tbas. Nitrate of lead. Pb(N0 3 ) 2 . 

Soluble in 2 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Seldom used internally. 
Plum'bi Ox'idum. Litharge. PbO. 

Used with olive oil in making plasters. 
Plum'bi Ox'idum Ru'bbum. Red oxide of lead. 

Red lead. Pb 3 4 . 
Podophyi/lum. May-apple. 

Slow, but active cathartic, cholagogue. 

Use. In most inflammatory affections where brisk 
purging is indicated ; and also in bilious fevers and 
hepatic congestions ; also in dropsical, rheumatic, 
and scrofulous complaints, in combination with 
supertartrate of potassa. A substitute for calomel. 

Dose. 20 grs. of powdered root. The officinal 
7 



98 pce 

resin, under the name of podophyllin, generally used 
in doses of -J-J gr. 

Prep. Abstract. Podoph. ; Ext. Pddoph. ; Ext. 
Podoph. Fl. ; Resina Podoph. 
*P(EO / nia. Peony. 

Nervine. Used in epilepsy. 
Dose. Decoction of fresh root (^ij-^j boiled to 
Oss from Oj) daily. 
^Polyga'la. Bitter Polygala. 

Infusion is tonic, laxative and diaphoretic. 
Use. To impart tone to the digestive organs in 
the form of infusion. 
^Polypo'dium. Polypody. 

An ancient remedy in mania and chronic catarrh. 
Seldom used now. Dose varies from gj to ^j. 
*Popu / lus. Poplar. 

Poplar buds are balsamic. Used in pectoral 
nephritic and rheumatic complaints, generally as a 
liniment or ointment. 
Potas'sa. KHO. Caustic potash. 
A powerful escharotic. 

Use. For forming issues; has been used to re- 
move strictures. 

Prep. Liq. Pot. ; Pot. cum Calce. 
Potas'sa cum Cai/ce. Potassa with lime. 
A more manageable caustic than potassa. 
Potas / sa Sulphura'ta. Sulphurated Potassa. 

Soluble in 2 parts water, partly soluble in alcohol. 
A local irritant, antacid, sedative, poisonous in 
overdoses. Occasionally used 'internally in from 
2-10 gr. doses. As a lotion (15-30 grs. to §j) or 
as ointment it is a remedy for scabies. 
Prep. Ung. Pot. Sulph. 
Potas / sii Ace / tas. Acetate of Potassium. KC 2 
H 3 2 . 

Soluble in .4 parts water and 2.5 of alcohol. 



pot 99 

Diuretic, and mild cathartic. 

Use. In febrile diseases, dropsies, icterus, and 
visceral obstructions. 

Dose, giij-giv; in skin diseases gss 3 times a 
day. The alkaline treatment of rheumatism well 
met with, § ss- § j in dilute solution in 24 hours. 

Prep. Tinct. Ferri Acet. 
Potas / sii Bicaebo / nas. Bicarbonate of Potassa. 
KHC0 3 . 

Soluble in 3.2 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Similar to carbonate, but of milder taste. 

Dose. 20 grs.-gj. 

Prep. Liq. Magnes. Cit. ; Liq. Potass. ; Liq. Pot. 
Arsen. ; Liq. Pot. Cit. ; Mist. Pot. Cit. 
Potas / sii Bichbc/xas. Bichromate of Potassium. 
K 2 Cr 2 7 . 

Soluble in 10 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

An irritant caustic. A saturated solution used 
externally to warts, excrescences, and syphilitic 
vegetations. Mullers Fluid for preserving anatomi- 
cal specimens is made of 2 to 2.5 parts potassium 
bichromate, 1 part sodium sulphate, and 100 parts 
water. 
Potas'sii Bitae / teas. Cream of Tarter. KHC 4 
H 4 6 . 

Soluble in 210 parts cold, 15 of boiling water, 
slightly soluble in alcohol. 

Cathartic, diuretic, refrigerant. In large doses, 
hydragogue. 

Use. In ascites proceeding from visceral obstruc- 
tions; and to open the bowels in inflammatory 
habits. Dissolved in water, with a small quantity 
of white wine, some sugar, and lemon-peel, it 
forms an excellent beverage in febrile diseases. 

Dose, gj-gij as aperient or diuretic; o ss ~^J 
as hydragogue cathartic. 



100 POT 

Prep. Acet. et Pot. Tart.; Ferri et Pot. Tart.; 
Pot. et Sod. Tart. ; Pot. Tart. ; Pulv. Jalapa Comp. 
Potas / sii Bkc/midum. Bromide of Potassium. 
KBr. 

Soluble in 1.6 parts water and 200 parts alcohol. 

In large doses produces bromism, a state of gen- 
eral depression, with acne or boils; in smaller 
doses a valuable sedative. 

Dose. 20 grs. to % j in water or syrup, 3 times a 
day or oftener. In strychnine poisoning ^ss, 
diluted, at once. 
Potas / sii Cabbo'nas. Carbonate of Potassium. 
(K 2 C0 2 ) 2 3H 2 0. 

Soluble in 1 part water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Used as antacid in dyspepsia, diuretic in dropsy, 
and antilithic in uric acid gravel. 

Use. In dropsies, acidity of the primse viae, and 
glandular obstructions. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. in sweetened aromatic water; 
as a lotion in skin disease ^ij-^iij to Oj water. 

Prep. Ung. Sulph. Alkal. 
Potas'sii Chlo'ras. Chlorate of Potassium. KC10 3 . 

Soluble in 16.5 parts water, but slightly in 
alcohol. 

Use. A stimulant to the mucous membrane of 
the mouth and throat in scarlatina, stomatitis, 
scurvy, ptyalism, etc., and as a local application to 
indolent ulcers, etc. 

Dose. Internally 10-20 grs. or less every 3 or 4 
hours. It is liable to produce gastro-enteritis and 
acute Bright' s disease by its irritant properties. 
§ ss has proved fatal. 
Potas / sii Ci / teas. Citrate of Potassium. K 3 C 6 
H 5 7 .H 2 0. 

Soluble in .6 parts water, slightly in alcohol. 

Grateful refrigerant, diaphoretic. 



POT 101 

Dose. 20-25 grs. ; for decided effect §j may be 
given in 24 hours. 
Potas / sii Cyax / idum. Cyanide of Potassium. KCN. 

Soluble in 2 parts water, sparingly in alcohol. 

Similar to hydrocyanic acid; as poison and medi- 
cine. 

Dose. -J gr. in J§ ss distilled water; gss syrup of 
lemons will free the hydrocyanic acid. 
Potas / sii et So / dii Tap/teas. Eochelle salts. 
KNaC 4 H 4 6 .4H 2 0. 

Mild, cooling purgative. 

Dose. jfss-Jj. 

Prep. Pulv. Effervesc. C. 
Potas / sii Feeeocyax'idum. Ferrocyanide of Po- 
tassium. K 4 Fe(CN) 6 .3H 2 0. 

Soluble in 4 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Earely used in medicine. Sedative, astringent. 

Dose.' Of solution ( gij to Sfj) 30 drops. 
Potas / sii Hypophos'phis. Hypophosphite of Po- 
tassium. KH 2 P0 2 . 

Soluble in .6 parts water and 7.3 of alcohol. 

Used as hypophosphites of calcium, sodium, etc., 
as restorative, in defective nerve power, in scrofu- 
lous diseases, and in diseases of bone. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. in solution or syrup 3 times a 
day. 

Prep. Syrupus Hypophosph. 
Potas / sii Iod / idu3I. Iodide of Potassium. KI. 

Soluble in .8 parts water and 18 of alcohol. 

Alterative. Useful in secondary syphilis, rheu- 
matism, etc. loci ism, shown by brow pain and 
coryza, or a mild ptyalism and eruption of acne. 

Dose. 2-10 grs. or more in solution, 3 times a 
day. 

Prep. Liq. Iodi. Comp. ; Ung. Iodi. ; Ung. Pot. 
Iod. 



102 POT 

Potas'sii Ni / teas. Nitrate of Potassium. KN0 3 . 

Soluble in 4 parts water; almost insoluble in 
alcohol. 

Refrigerant, diuretic, diaphoretic, antiseptic. 

Use. In fevers, dropsies, herpetic eruptions, 
active hemorrhages, mania; useful in garg]es. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. Nitrous powder for lessening 
fever and promoting secretions, formed by 8 or 10 
grs. of nitre, i gr. tartar emetic, and J to J gr. 
calomel, every 2 or 3 hours. 

Prep. Argent. Nit. Dil. ; Chart. Pot. Nit. 
Potas / sii Perm an'ganas. Permanganate of Potas- 
sium. K 2 Mn 2 8 . 

Soluble in 20 parts water; decomposed by alcohol. 

A powerful disinfectant. Used externally to 
fetid ulcers, cancers, etc. ; 5 to 20 parts to 100 of 
water. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. thrice daily, in pill, for amenorrhoea. 

Prep. Liq. Potas. Permang. 
Potas / sii Sui/phas. Sulphate of Potassium. K 2 
S0 4 . 

Soluble in 9 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Mild purgative. 

Dose. Bj-^iv. 
Potas / sii Sui/phis. Sulphite of Potassium. K 2 
S0 3 .2H 2 0. 

Soluble in 4 parts water, but sparingly in alcohol. 

Antiseptic, like other sulphites. Used in zy- 
motic diseases. 

Use. In the visceral obstruction to which children 
are liable, and as an adjunct to other purgatives. 

Dose. 15 grs.- ^ j. 
Potas / sii Tar'tras. Tartrate of Potassium. (K 2 
C 4 H 4 6 ) 2 H 2 0. 

Soluble in .7 parts water; almost insoluble in 
alcohol. 



pso 103 

Mild, cooling purgative. 

Use. To open the bowels in febrile diseases, 
mania, and hypochondriasis ; and as an adjunct to 
senna, and the resinous purgatives in solution, the 
griping effects of which it corrects 
^Pkexax'thes. Lion's foot. 

Considered a remedy for rattlesnake bite. 
Prj'xos. Black Alder. 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. Intermittents, diarrhoea, gangrene, chronic 
and cutaneous eruptions; locally in ill-conditioned 
ulcers. 

Dose, gss-^j or §ij-§iij of decoction (§ij of 
bark in Oiij water, boiled to a quart). 
*Pkopyi/ AMINE. 

Soluble in water and alcohol. 

Formerly used in rheumatism. 

Dose. % ss of solution with 24-48 drops of pep- 
permint water, every 2-4 hours. 
Pru'num. Prune. 

Laxative and nutritious. 

Use. In debilitated states of the stomach or 
general system, attended with irritation and nerv- 
ous excitability. It allays the action of the heart, 
and is highly useful in the hectic fever of scrofula 
and consumption. In dyspepsia and intermittents. 

Prep. Confect. Sennae. 
Pku'xus Vikgixia'xa. Wild Cherry. 

Tonic, sedative. 

Dose, g ss-gj powder; §ij of cold infusion; gj 
of fluid extract ; g ss of syrup. 

Prep. Ext. Prun. Yirg. Fl. ; Infus. PruniVirg. ; 
Syr. Pruni Yirg. 
*Psokal / ea. Congo root. 

Gently stimulant, tonic. 



104 PTE 

*Pte / lea. Wafer-ash. 

Bark tonic. Used in dyspepsia. 
Dose. Of tincture § ss, 3 times a day. 
^Ptjlmona'eia. Lung-wort. 

Of doubtful use in chest complaints. 
Pulsatii/la. 

Said to be useful as emmenagogue and alterative. 
Dose. 1-2 grs. daily. £ssof tincture and gij- 
3 iij of distilled water. 
Pyee'thetjm. Pellitory. 

Powerful irritant and sialagogue. 
Use. Chewed, it excites a copious flow of saliva, 
hence it has been found useful in some affections of 
the head; in strumous swellings of the tonsils; 
toothache, and palsy of the muscles of the throat. 
It is also used in infusion as a gargle. 
^Pyee'thetjm Paethe'nitjm. Feverfew. 

Aromatic, tonic, like chamomile. 
Pyeoxyli'ntjm. Soluble Gun-cotton. 

Prep. Collodium ; Collod. cum Canthar. ; Collod. 
Flexile; Collod. Stypticum. 
Quas / sia. 

A pure tonic. 

Use. In intermittents; bilious fever, combined 
with neutral salts; lienteria and cachexia ; in hys- 
teria united with tincture of valerian ; and with 
cretaceous powder and ginger in gout. 

Dose. §ss-§j of infusion; gss-gj tincture; 
\ gr.-l gr. extract. 

Prep. Ext. Quas. ; Ext. Quas. Fl. ; Tinct. Quas. 
*Quebea / cho. 

Bark used in Chili as antiperiodic, and in asthma 
and cardiac disease. 

Dose. 5 grs. of alcoholic extract. 



qui 105 

Quer'cus. Oak. 

Bark is astringent. Used chiefly externally in 
decoction, injection, etc. 
Prep. Decoct. Quer. 
Quilla / ia. Soap Bark. 

Not used in medicine. 
Quinidi'n^ Sui/phas. Sulphate of Quinidine. 
(C 20 H 24 N 2 O 2 ) 2 H 2 SO 4 .2H 2 O. 

Soluble in 100 parts water and 8 of alcohol. 
Use. Similar to quinine, but less powerful. 
Dose. 20-60 grs. in divided doses. 
Quini'na. Quinine. C 20 H 24 N 2 O 2 .3H 2 O. 

Soluble in 1960 parts cold, 600 parts boiling 
water and 6 parts alcohol. 

Prep. Ferri et Quin. Cit. ; Liq. Fer. et Quin. 
Cit. ; Syr. Ferri Quin. et Strych. Phosph. 
Quin^nje Bisui/PHAS. Bisulphate of Quinine. 
CsoH^N^H.SO^H^O. 

Soluble in 10 parts water and 32 of alcohol. 
Contains less alkaloid than the sulphate, although 
the dose is about the same. 
Quini'n^e Hydrobkc/mas. Hydrobromate of Qui- 
nine. C 2 H 2 4 N 2 2 HBr.2H 2 0. 

Soluble in 16 parts water and 3 of alcohol. 
Dose. Same as sulphate, etc. 
QuiNi / N^a Hydkochlo / eas. Hydrochlorate of Qui- 
nine. C 20 H 24 N 2 O 2 HC1.2H 2 O. 

Soluble in 34 parts water and 3 of alcohol. 
Dose. As sulphate, etc. 
Quint'n.e Sui/phas. Sulphate of Quinine. (C 20 
H 24 N 2 2 )H 2 S0 4 .7H 2 0. 

Soluble in 740 parts water and 65 alcohol; dilute 
acids dissolve it easily. 
Tonic, antiseptic, sedative, antiperiodic. 
Dose. As tonic 1 gr. 3 times a day; in interm it- 
tents during intermission 12-24 grs., or gj in di- 



106 qui 

vided doses. To children a good way is to mix and 
administer the dose quickly with J a teaspoonful 
of aromatic elixir of liquorice. It may also be 
given in solution, or suspended in water by syrup 
and mucilage. 
Quini'n.33 Yaleeia / NAS. Valerianate of Quinine. 
C 2 oH 2 ^gC^CgH! O 2 .H 2 O. 

Soluble in 100 parts water and 5 of alcohol. 

Used in debility with nervous disorder. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. several times a day. 
*Kanun / culus. Crowfoot. Buttercup. 

Acrid, irritant; like cantharides. 
Rham'ni Suc/cus. Buckthorn juice. 

Purgative. 

Use. In syrup, added to hydragogue or diuretic 
mixtures. 

Dose. 9j of recent berries; §j expressed juice. 

Prep. Syr. Rham. 
Rhe / tjm. Rhubarb. 

Purgative, astringent, stomachic. 

Dose. 10 grs.-gss as laxative; 6-10 grs. as 
stomachic. 

Prep. Ext. Rhei;Ext. Rhei Fl.;Pil. Rhei; Pil. 
Rhei Comp. ; Pulv. Rhei C. ; Syr. Rhei; Syr. Rhei 
Aromat. ; Tinct. Rhei; Tinct. Rhei Arom. ; Tinct. 
Rhei Dulcis; Vin. Rhei. 
Rhce / ados Pet 7 ala. Red-poppy petals. 

A feeble anodyne. 

Prep. Syr. Rhoeados. 
Rhu / s Gla'bra. Sumach. 

Astringent and refrigerant. 

Used as a gargle. 

Prep. Ext. Rhois Glabrae Fl. 
Rhus Toxicodendron. Poison-oak. 

Three or four species of Rhus are poisonous, and 
in some persons the eruption is severe. Saline 



BUM 107 

purgatives and the local use of cold lead- water, or 
alkaline washes, are the best remedies. A strong 
decoction or poultice of the Grindelia hirsutula is 
considered an antidote. 
Rc/sa. Rose-petals. 

Slightly laxative and astringent. Used chiefly 
as a vehicle in pharmacy. 
Rosemaei / nus. Rosemary. 

Gently stimulant and emmenagogue. 

Use. In nervous headaches, and in chlorosis, 
under the form of infusion; but it is now scarcely 
ever used, unless as an adjunct, to give odor to 
sternutatory powders. 

Prep. Yin. Aromat. 
*Ru / bia. Madder. 

Formerly used, but of doubtful efficacy. 
*Ru / bia. Madder-root. 

Emmenagogue, astringent. 

Use. In chlorosis and difficult or scanty men- 
struation, in atrophia infantum ; efficacy doubtful. 

Dose. 15-20 grs. with sulphate of potassa. 
Ru / bus. Blackberry. 
• Root tonic and astringent. A domestic remedy 
in bowel affections. 

Dose. Of decoction ( §j-Ojss water, boiled to Oj) 
3j~3y> 3 or 4 times a day; of powdered root 
20-30 grs. ; fluid extract 30 V^. 

Prep. Ext. Rubi Fl. 
Ru'btjs Im/us. Raspberry. 

Prep. Syr. Rub. Id. 
Ru'mex. Yellow-dock. 

Astringent, tonic. 

Use. In scrofula and syphilis, externally in skin 
diseases. 

Dose. ;fij of decoction (dried root ^j-Oj). 

Prep. Ext. Rumicis Fl. 



108 RUT 

^Ru'ta. Rue. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic, emmenagogue. 

Use. In hysteria and flatulent colic ; but chiefly 
in strong infusion, in clysters in convulsions of 
children. 

Dose. 15-30 grs. in infusion, 3 times a day. 
Sabadii/la. Cevadilla. 

Drastic, emeto-cathartic, vermicide. 

Used chiefly as source of veratrine. 
*Sabba / tia. American centaury. 

Tonic. 

Use. In autumnal intermittents and remittents. 

Dose. Infusion of ^j-Oj, ^ ij every 2 hours. 
Sabi'na. Savine. 

Irritant, emmenagogue, escharotic. 

Use. In amenorrhoea, with a languid pulse, but 
requires to be cautiously administered ; in worms, 
rheumatism, and gout. Externally, the powder is 
applied to old ulcers, carious bones, etc. ; and the 
infusion, as a lotion, to gangrene, scabies, and 
tinea capitis. 

Dose. Fluid extract 15-20 drops; of oil 5 drops. 
Used externally for promoting discharge from blis- 
tered surfaces. 

Prep. Cerat. Sab. ; Ext. Sabin. Fl. ; 01. Sabin. 
Sac'charum. Sugar. C 12 H 22 11 . 

Aliment, condiment, demulcent. 

Prep. Pil. Ferri Carb. ; Pil. Ferri Iod. ; Syrupus, 
etc. 
Sac/charum Lac/tis. Sugar of milk. C^H^On. 
H 2 0. 

Soluble in 7 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 
*Sagape / num. 

Antispasmodic, emmenagogue; inferior to assa- 
foetida. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. in pill. 



SAN 109 

*Sa'go. 

Nutritious and unirritating. 
*Sa / lep. Prepared bulbs of Orchis. 

Nutritive, as tapioca, sago, etc. 
S alici'num. Salicin. C 13 K ls 7 . 

Soluble in 28 parts water and 30 parts alcohol. 
An uncertain substitute for salicylic acid. 
Use. In intermittents, and in all cases where 
tonics are indicated. Its effects are analogous to 
those of quinine, but not much used. 
Dose. 20-30 grs. 
Sa / lix. Willow. 

Feeble tonic. Rarely used. 
Sai/via. Sage. 

Tonic, astringent, aromatic. 
Use. As a gargle, in infusion with honey and alum . 
Dose. 20-30 grs. of powdered leaves; §ij infu- 
sion ( §j-Qj). 

Prep. Yin. Aromat. 
Sambu / cus. Elder. 

Use. The flowers in fomentations, as a cooling 
ointment; the expressed juice of the berries in feb- 
rile diseases, rheumatism, arthritic cases, etc. , the 
bark in dropsy and hemorrhoids. 

Dose. Juice of berries gj-^ij as alterative; Jss 
as laxative. Inner bark hydragogue cathartic, 3 iv 
of decoction ( § j— Oij boiled to §j). 
Prep. Aqua Sambuci. 
Sangtjina'kia. Blood-root. 

Acrid, emetic, stimulant, narcotic, emmena- 
gogue; escharotic on fungous surfaces, etc. 

Use. In chronic catarrh, bronchial affections and 
pertussis; as an expectorant, combined with ipe- 
cacuanha or antimony. 

Dose. Emetic 10-20 grs. ; alterative 1-4 grs. 
Prep. Acet. Sang.; Ext. Sang. F1.J Tinct. Sang. 



110 SAN 

San'talum. Red Saunders. 

Used for coloring tinctures, etc. 
Prep, Tinct. Lavand. Comp. 
*San / talum Ai/bum. White (or yellow) Sandal- 
wood. 

Oil useful in subacute gonorrhoea, etc. 

Dose. Of oil 20-30 minims, 4 or 5 times a day, 

in emulsion with cinnamon oil, etc. 

Santon'ica. Levant Wormseed. 

Rarely used in substance. 

Dose. 10-30 grs., morning and evening, for 

several days, followed by a brisk cathartic. 

Santoni'num. Santonin. C 15 H 18 3 . 

Anthelmintic. 

Nearly insoluble in cold water; soluble in 40 

parts alcohol and in solutions of alkalies. 

Dose. 2-4 grs. ; for a child 2 years old J-J gr. ; 

best given as lozenges, with sugar and tragacanth. 

Sa / po. Soap. 

Laxative, antacid, antilithic. 

Use. In dyspepsia, constipation, lithiasis. 

Dose. 5 grs.- ^ ss in pill. 

Prep. Empl. Sap. ; Ext. Colocynth. C. ; Lin. Sap. ; 

Pil. Aloes ; Pil. Aloes et Asaf. ; Pil. Asafcet. : Pil. 

Opii; Pil. Rhei ; Pil. Sap. C; Pil. Still. C. 

Sa'po Vie / idis. Green soap. 

Prepared from potassa and fixed oils. 

Soluble in water and alcohol. 

Used chiefly in the treatment of eczema ; after 

thorough rubbing with the' tincture, the skin 

should be washed, and oxide of zinc ointment, etc., 

applied. 

Prep. Tinct. Sap. Vir. 
*Sapona / kia. Soap-wort. 

Alterative, like sarsaparilla. 
Dose, gss inspissated juice daily. 



SCI 111 

^arrace'nia. Fly-trap. 

Used in dyspepsia, diarrhoea and small-pox. 

Dose. gj of tincture ( §ij-Oj alcohol). 
Saksaparii/la. Sarsaparilla. 

Of varied repute as alterative, etc. 

Use. In the sequelse of syphilis, when, after a 
mercurial course, nocturnal pains, enlargement of 
the joints, and cutaneous ulcerations remain ; in 
scrofula ; elephantiasis, or cutaneous affections re- 
sembling it ; chronic rheumatism ; and whenever 
an alterative is indicated. 

Prep. Decoct. Sarsap. C. ; Ext. Sarsap. Fl. ; Ext. 
Sars. Fl. C. ; Syr. Sars. Comp. ■ 
Sassafras. 

The mucilage of the pith is emollient, the bark 
is a stimulant aromatic. 

Use. In cutaneous diseases, chronic rheumatism, 
and as au adjunct to the decoction of guaiac, etc. 

Prep. Mucilago Sassaf. ; Decoct. Sars. Comp. ; 
Ext. Sarsap. Fl. C. ; 01. Sassafras. 
Scammo'nium. Scammony. 

An energetic cathartic. Used in combination 
(as in the Triplex pills : Pulv. Scam. , Pulv. Aloes, 
Blue Mass, each one troyouuce; Croton Oil 20 min- 
ims, 01. Carui 1£ drachms, Tinct. Aloes and Myrrh 
§ ij . Mix and make 400 pills ; dose, 1 at bedtime) . 

Prep. Eesin Scam. 
Scii/la. Squill. 

Expectorant, diuretic; in large doses purgative 
and emetic. 

Use. In pulmonary complaints after the inflam- 
matory action is reduced ; humoral asthma, per- 
tussis; in dropsy; and more useful if combined 
with a mercurial. 

Dose. As diuretic and expectorant 1-2 grs. , 3 or 4 
times a day, in pill. 



112 sco 

Prep. Acetum Scil.; Ext. Acet. Fl.; Pil. Scii. 
Comp. ; Syr. Scill. Comp. ; Tinct. Scillae. 
Scopa'rius. Broom. 

Diuretic and cathartic. 
Use, In dropsies. 
Dose. 10-15 grs. powder. 
*Scophularia. Fig-wort. Celandine. 

An old remedy for piles, etc., but seldom used. 
Scutellaria. Scullcap. 

Sometimes used as tonic nervine. 
Dose. Fluid extract .^j— 3 ij. 
Prep. Ext. Scutell. Fl. 
*Sel / inum. Marsh Parsley. 
Used in epilepsy, etc. 
Dose. 20-30 grs. 3 times a day. 
*Sempervi / vum. Houseleek. 

Juice used topically to burns, ulcers and warts. 
*Sene / cio. Life-root. Groundsel. 

Diuretic. The l ' Eclectics ' ' consider it emmena- 
gogue. 

Use. In gravel and uterine complaints; promotes 
menstruation. 
Dose. Decoction or infusion, ad libitum. 
Sen'ega. 

Stimulating, expectorant and diuretic. Used in 

pectoral complaints, as in Syr. Scill. Comp. 

Dose. Of powder 10-20 grs. ; abstract 1-3 grs. 

Prep. Abstract. Sen. ; Ext. Sen. Fl. ; Syr. Scill. 

C. ; Syr. Senega. 

Sen'na. 

Efficient purgative; should be given with aro- 
matic and saline substances. 

Dose. Of powder gss-^ij, but seldom used 
thus. 

Prep. Confect. Sen.; Ext. Sen. Fl. ; Infus. Sen. 
C. ; Pulv. Glycyr. C. ; Syr. Sarsap. C. ; Syr. Sennse. 



SIN 113 

Serpenta'ria. Virginia .snake-root. 

Stimulant tonic, diaphoretic, diuretic. 

Use. In typhoid fevers, and diseases of debility; 
to assist cinchona in the cure of intermittents; in 
the exanthemata, and dyspepsia; and externally as 
a gargle in cynanche maligna. 

Dose. Fluid extract 20 minims — £ ss. 

Prep. Ext. Serp. EL; Tinct. Cinchon. C; Tinct. 
Serp. 
*Ses / amum. Benne leaves. 

Mucilaginous, demulcent. 

Use. As a drink in cholera infantum, diarrhoea, 
etc. Catarrh and affections of urinary passage. 

One or two leaves in a pint of water as drink. 
Se'vtjm. Suet. 

Soluble in 44 parts boiling alcohol and 60 of ether. 

Prep. Ung. Hydrarg. ; Ung. Picis. Liq. 

*SlMARU / BA. 

Tonic, like quassia. 

Use. In dysentery, chronic diarrhoea, lienteria 
and dyspepsia. 

Dose. Q j-jjj in infusion. 
Sin 7 apis. Mustard. 

Seeds laxative; powder stimulant, rubefacient, 
emetic; oil vesicant. 

Use. In dyspepsia; a torpid state of the bowels, 
and chlorosis. The seeds are swallowed entire or 
only slightly crushed; a strong infusion of the flour 
is used to produce vomiting in apoplexy and paraly- 
sis; externally the flour is applied as a cataplasm to 
the legs and soles of the feet in typhus and coma- 
tose affections. 

Dose. Seeds, a tablespoonful. Powder, as emetic, 
1-2 teaspoonfuls in warm water. 

Prep. Charta Sinap. ; 01. Sinap. ; Linim. Sinap. 
Comp. 
8 



114 siu 

^Si'um. Water-parsnip. 

Considered poisonous. The juice has been used 
in scrofulous and glandular swellings. 
So'da. Soda. NaHO. 

Soluble in 1.7 parts water. Very soluble in 
alcohol. 
A caustic alkali. 
Prep. Liq. Sodse. 
So / DiE Ci'tro-Tar'tras Efferves'cens. Efferves- 
cent Citro-tartrate of Soda. 
Laxative, refrigerant. 

Dose. 3 j- 3 ij in a wineglassful of water, repeated 
occasionally. 
So / d^3 Valeria'nas. Valerianate of Soda. 
Deliquescent. Nerve stimulant. 
Dose. 1-5 grs. 
So'dii Ace'tas. Acetate of Sodium. NaC 2 H 3 2 . 
3H 2 0. 

Soluble in 3 parts water and 30 of alcohol. 
Diuretic; rarely employed. Chiefly used for 
making acetic acid. 
Dose. 9j-3ij. 

Equal parts of it and nitre explode violently if 
heated. 
So / dii Aese / nias. Arseniate of Sodium. Na 2 HAs0 4 . 
7H 2 0. 
Soluble in 4 parts water and slightly in alcohol. 
Prep. Liq. Sodii Arseniatis. 
Sc/dii Ben'zoas. Benzoate of Sodium. NaC 7 H 5 2 . 
H 2 0. 
Soluble in 1.8 parts water and 45 of alcohol. 
Has been used as antilithic. 
Dose. 3 j - ^ ij a day. 
So / dii Bicarbo'nas. Bicarbonate of Sodium. Na 
HC0 3 . 
Soluble in 12 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 



SOD 115 

Milder than the carbonate. Useful in ursemia. 

Dose. 10 grs.-gj, best in carbonic acid water. In 
membranous angina, 15 grs. every half hour in a 
tablespoonful of water. 
So / dii Bisui/phis. Bisulphite of Sodium. NaHS0 3 . 

Soluble in 4 parts water and 72 parts alcohol. 

The sulphite is generally preferred. 
So'dii Bo'kas. Borate of Sodium. Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10- 
H 2 0. 

Soluble in 16 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

A feeble emmenagogue. Externally detergent or 
alteratiye. 

Useful in aphthae, pruritus, etc. A germicide. 

Use. In nephritic and calculous complaints, de- 
pending on an excess of uric acid. As a detergent 
in aphthous affections of the mouth in children, 
rubbed up in sugar in the proportion of 1 to 7, or 
rubbed with honey. 

Dose. 30-40 grs. 
So'dii Beo / midtjm. Bromide of Sodium. NaBr. 

Soluble in 1.2 parts water and 13 of alcohol. 

Milder than bromide of potassium. 

Dose, gss-gij. 
So / dii Carbo'nas. Carbonate of Sodium. Na 2 C0 3 . 
10H 2 O. 

An antacid in dyspepsia and uric acid gravel. 

Used in skin diseases. 

Dose. For lotion, ^ij-giij in Oj water. Dose of 
powder variable. 

Prep. Liq. Sod. ; Liq. Sod. Chlorat. ; Massa. Fer. 
Carb. ; Pil. Fer. Carb. ; Sod. Carb, Exsic. 
So / dii Cakbc/nas Exsicca / tus. Dried Carbonate 
of Sodium. 

Use. In acidity of the stomach; but chiefly in 
calculus in the kidneys, and other affections of the 
urinary organs. 



116 SOD 

Dose. 5-15 grs. 3 times a day in pill with soap 
and aromatics. 

Prep. Sod. Arsenias. 
So'dii Chlo'ras. Chlorate of Sodium. NaC10 3 . 

Soluble in 1.1 parts water and 40 of alcohol. 

Similar to chlorate of potassium, but more sol- 
uble, so as to afford stronger solutions. 
So'mi Chlo / bidum. Chloride of Sodium. NaCl. 

Common salt. Soluble in 2.8 parts water; nearly 
insoluble in alcohol. i 

Stimulant, tonic and anthelmintic in small doses; 
purgative and emetic in large doses ( 3 ij-^j). 

A teaspoonful of dry salt often used as styptic in 
sudden haemoptysis. 
So / dii Hypophos / phis. Hypophosphite of Sodium. 
NaH 2 P0 2 H 2 0. 

Soluble in 1 part water and 30 of alcohol. 

Used in phthisis, scrofula, wasting nervous and 
osseous diseases. 

Dose. Either of the hypophosphites may be 10-20 
grs. three times a day. 

Prep. Syr. Hypophos. 
So / dii Hyposui/phis. Hyposulphite of Sodium. 
Na 2 S 2 3 .5H 2 0. 

Soluble in 1.5 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Considered a powerful germicide, but has not 
been so serviceable in zymotic diseases as theory 
suggests. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. in water or syrup, 3 times a 
day. 

For external use, use 3 j to 3 j water. 
Sc/dii Iod / idum. Iodide of Sodium. Nal. 

Soluble in .6 parts water and 1.8 of alcohol. 

Use similar to iodide of potassium. 

Dose. 20 grs. , increased to 30, 3 times a day. 



SOD 117 

S(/dii Ni / teas. Nitrate of Sodium. NaN0 3 . 

Soluble iu 1.3 parts water and 40 of boiling 
alcohol. 

Has been used in dysentery. 

Dose. ^ss-§j, in gum water, etc., during the 
day. 
*So / dii Ni'tris. Nitrite of Sodium. 

Similar in action to nitrite of amyl and nitrogly- 
cerine. 

Dose. 1 gr. several times a day. 
Sc/dii Phos / phas. Phosphate of Sodium. Na 2 H 
P0 4 .12H 2 0. 

Soluble in 6 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

A mild, delicate purgative in hepatic diseases, etc. 

Dose. 3-10 grs.. for children, in milk or other 
food. 20-40 grs. for adults in water after meals. 

Prep. Ferri. Pyrophosph. 
So'dii Pyrophos'phas. Pyrophosphate of 'Sodium. 
Na 4 P 2 O 7 .10H 2 O. 

Soluble in 12 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Similar to the phosphate. 
So / dii Salicyi/as. Salicylate of Sodium. 2NaC 7 
H 5 3 .H 2 0. 

Soluble in 1.5 parts of water and 6 of alcohol. 

Similar in effects to salicylic acid, but more solu- 
ble and not locally irritating. 

Dose. 3ss-£j in aromatized solution. 
So / dii Santoni'nas. Santoninate of Sodium. 
2NaC 15 H 19 4 .7H 2 0. 

Soluble in 3 parts water and 12 of alcohol. 

Too dangerous to use as a vermifuge. 

Prep. Troch. Sod. Santon. 
So / dii Sui/phas. Sulphate of Sodium. Na 2 S0 4 . 
10H 2 O. 

Soluble in 2.8 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 
An efficient cathartic, but disagreeable. 



118 SOD 

Dose. % ss- ^ j ; applied to the eye in powder, to 
remove opacity of the cornea. 
So'dii Sui/phis. Sulphite of Sodium. Na 2 S0 3 . 
7H 2 0. 

Soluble in 4 parts water, sparingly in alcohol. 

Used in yeasty vomiting from sarcina, and as a 
wash in aphthous sore mouth. 

Dose. 3 j 3 times a day ; as a wash £ j to ^ j 
water. 
So / dii Sulphocar'bolas. Sulphocarbolate of *- 
Sodium. NaC 6 H 5 S0 4 .2H 2 0. 

Soluble in 5 parts water and 132 of alcohol. 

Has been used in zymotic diseases. 
*Solida / go. Golden-rod. 

Aromatic, carminative, diaphoretic. 

Used in warm infusion to allay pain from flatu- • 
lence, and nausea; a substitute for tea. 
*SPAF/T"njM. Spanish Broom. 

Seeds diuretic and tonic, large doses emetic. 

Dose. 10-15 grs. , 3 times a day, in tincture. 
Spige / lia. Pinkroot. 

Vermifuge, cathartic; sometimes dangerous. 

Use. For the expulsion of lumbrici ; in the re- 
mitting fever of infancy. Its use should be pre- 
ceded by an emetic, and followed by a warm 
purgative. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. to a child 3 or 4 years old; to 
an adult ^j-gij, repeated morning and evening, 
and followed by a brisk cathartic The infusion 
( § ss-Oj ) is oftener used. 
*Spir^:a. Hardhack. 
, Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In cholera infantum, diarrhoea, and all 
cases where a tonic combined with an astringent 
effect is needed. 

Dose. Of extract 5-15 grs. ; of decoction § j - § ij. 



STB 119 

*Spon / gia U / sta. Burnt Sponge. 

Use. In goitre, bronchocele, scrofulous com- 
plaints, and herpetic eruptions. 

Dose, ^j-giij, with syrup or honey and cinna- 
mon. 
Staphisa'gkia. Stavesacre. 

Tincture used as embrocation in rheumatism, 
and an ointment of seeds, or oil, in scabies, etc. 
^Sta'tice. Marsh Rosemary. 
Astringent. 

Used in gargles to aphthous sore mouth, etc. 
Stillin'gia. Queen' s-root. 

Emetic, cathartic, alterative. 
Use. In secondary syphilis, scrofula, etc. 
Dose. Powder 15-30 grs. ; tincture (§ij to Oj) 
3 1 ; fluid extract 20-40 drops. 
*Prep. Ext. Stilling. Fl. 
Steamo / nium. Thornapple. 

Similar to belladonna. The leaves are some- 
times smoked in asthma. 

Dose. J gr. of alcoholic extract, 15-20 grs. of 
powdered leaves. 

Prep. Ext. Stram.; Ext. Stram. FL; Tinct. 
Stram. 
Stkychni'na. Strychnine. C 2 jH^ 2 N 2 2 . 
The alkaloid from nux vomica. 
Soluble in 6700 parts water and 110 parts 
alcohol. 

Stimulant of motor and vaso-motor centres of 
spinal cord. • 

Use. As a tonic in pyrosis, passive diarrhoea, and 
leucorrhcea, partial paralysis, etc. 
Dose. ■£$ gr. in acid solution. 
Prep. Ferri et Strych. Citras.; Syr. Ferri Qui- 
ninse et Strych. Phosph. 



120 STB 

Stkychni'n^: Sui/phas. Sulphate of Strychnia. 
(C 21 H 22 N 2 2 ) 2 H 2 S0 4 . 

More soluble than strychnine. 

Dose. ^-^gr. 
Stye / ax. Storax. 

Stimulating, expectorant. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. twice a day. 
Sui/phur Lo'tum. Washed Sulphur. 

Dose, gss-^ss. 

Prep. Pulv. Glycyrrh. C. ; Sulph. Iodidum ; 
Ung. Sulph. Alkal. 
Sui/phur Pr^ecipita'tum. Precipitated Sulphur. 

Dose. 3J-3iij. 

Use. In cutaneous affections, and a laxative. 
Sui/phur Sublima / tum. Sublimated Sulphur. 

Laxative and diaphoretic. 

Dose, gj-giij in syrup or milk. 
Sulphu / ris Iod / idum. Iodide of Sulphur. 

Used externally in skin diseases. See Unguen- 
tum. 
Sum'bul. 

Nerve stimulant. 

Dose. Kesinoid extract 1-2 grs. ; fluid extract 15 
minims to ,^j. 
^Symp'hytum Officinale. Comfrey. 

Demulcent, astringent ; a decoction of the root; 
an adjunct to cough mixtures. 

Dose. % ij- 3 iv of fluid extract. 
Tab / acum. Tobacco. 

Sedative poison; locally irritant. 

Passing out of use as a medicine. 
Tamarin'dus. Tamarind. 

Laxative, refrigerant. 

Use. In dysentery and fevers, particularly those 
attended with an increased secretion of bile, and 
putrid symptoms. Tamarind whey, made by boil- 



THTJ 121 

ing gij of the fruit with Ojss milk, and straining, 
is an excellent diluent in fevers. 

Dose. £ j- |J j or more. 

Prep. Confect. Sennae. 
Tanace'tum. Tansy. 

Tonic, anthelmintic. 

Use. In gout, hysteria, connected with suppres- 
sion of the menses ; in worms, seldom used. 

Dose, ^ss-gj of powdered seeds. The oil is a 
dangerous narcotic. 
Tapic/ca. 

Nutrient. 
Tarax 7 acum. Dandelion. 

Slightly tonic, diuretic, aperient, thought to be 
stimulant to the liver. 

Dose. § ij of decoction. 

Use. In chronic inflammation, and incipient scir- 
rhus of the liver ; chronic derangements of* the 
stomach; dropsy, pulmonary tubercles, and jaun- 
dice. 

Prep. Ext. Tarax. ; Ext. Tarax. Fl. 
Terebin'thina. Turpentine. 
Terebin'thina Canadensis. Balsam of Fir. 

Turpentines are stimulant, diuretic, anthelmintic, 
and in large doses laxative; externally rubefacient. 

Dose. Qj-^ssas anthelmintic; in ascarides, or 
flatulent constipation §ss-§j triturated with yolk 
of egg and in Oss of mucilaginous fluid, is useful 
as inj ection. Chian turpentine is considered useful 
in cancer of the womb, in emulsion in doses of 5 
grs. , increased as the patient can bear it. 
Thu'ja. Arbor Vitae. 

Has been used in cancerous affections internally, 
and locally in venereal excrescences. 

Dose, gj of tincture or fluid extract 3-6 times 
a day. 



122 THY 

Thymol. C 10 H 13 HO. 

Antiseptic; substitute for carbolic acid, with 
more agreeable odor. 

Dose. 1 part to 4 of alcohol and 995 of water is 
a useful lotion for dressing wounds ; as ointment 
2-20 grs. to § j lard. 
*Toementii/la. Potentilla. 
Astringent. 

Use. In the same cases as other astringents ; but 
as it does not increase the heat of the body, tor- 
mentil is preferred in phthisical diarrhoea. 
Dose. £ss-gj of powder. 
Teagacan'tha. Gum Tragacanth. 
Demulcent. 

Use. For allaying cough, etc. In preparation of 
troches, etc. 
^Teifo'litjm. Eed Clover. 

An empirical remedy for cancer. Has a slight 
astringent power. 
*Teili/ium. 
Astringent. 

Used to restrain hemorrhages. 
Dose, gj of powdered root; gj-^ij of fluid 
extract. 
^Teios'teum. Fever-root. 

Cathartic, emetic and diuretic. 
Use. In the commencement of fevers. 
Dose. 9j to ^ss of powder; 10 grs. of extract. 
Teit / icum. Couch-grass, 

Used in cystitis and irritable bladder. 
Dose. Decoction ad. lib., or gj of fluid extract 
every 3 hours in § vi water. 
*Tussii/ago. Colt's-foot. 
Demulcent, expectorant. 

Use. In coughs, phthisis, other pulmonary com- 
plaints and cutaneous diseases. 



VER 123 

Dose. §j-§ij boiled in Oij water to Oj; a tea- 
cupful several times a day. 
Ui/mus. Slippery Elm. 
Demulcent, nutritious. 

Used in infusion, in cutaneous affections, dysen- 
tery, diseases of urinary organs, externally, or as a 
poultice, etc. 
Ustila'go. Corn smut. 

Said to resemble ergot in properties. 
U'V-ffl. Raisins. 

Used for flavoring; laxative. 

U'VA Ur'si. Bearberry. 

Astringent, tonic. 

Useful in catarrh of bladder, etc. 

Dose. Of powder, Qj to gj. 

Prep. Ext. Uva Ursi Fl. 
Valeriana. Valerian. 

Nerve stimulant and antispasmodic. 

Dose. Of volatile oil, 4-5 drops. 

Prep. Abstract. Yaler. ; Ext. Valer. Fl. ; Tinct. 
Valer. ; Tinct. Yaler. Amnu 
Vanii/la. 

Aromatic, diffusible, stimulant. 

Dose. Tablespoonful of infusion ( § ss-Oj boiling 
water). 

Prep. Tinct. Yanil. ; Trochisci Ferri. 
Yeeatei / na. Yeratrine. 

A powerful local irritant, with peculiar effect on 
the nervous system. 

Used in rheumatic paralysis. 

Dose, y 1 ^ gr. internally; 5 or 10 grs. to §j of lard 
as an ointment, of which a little is rubbed on 
sound skin. 

Prep. Oleatum Yerat. ; Ung. Yerat. 



124 VER 

^Vera'trum Al / bum. White Hellebore. 

Violent emetic and cathartic; irritant. Requires 
great caution in using. 

Dose. 1 gr. , increased cautiously. As errhine, 1 
part to 5 or 6 of powdered liquorice. 
Vera'trum Vir'ide. American Hellebore. 

A powerful spinal and arterial depressant. 

Dose. Fluid extract, 1-3 drops; tincture, 3-6 
drops, every hour or two; suspended on occurrence 
of nausea. 
*Verbas / cum. Mullein. 

Demulcent, emollient, anodyne. 

Used in infusion or decoction. 
^Veron'ica. Speedwell. 

An old remedy in scurvy, etc. ; now out of use. 
Vibur'num. Black haw. 

Nervine, antispasmodic, diuretic, tonic. 

Dose, ^j-^ij of fluid extract. 

Prep. Ext. Viburn. Fl. 
Vi / num. Wine. 

Wine useless and pernicious in health. In excess, 
tending to gout, dropsy, apoplexy and mania. Use- 
ful in medicine, being stimulant and antispasmodic. 
In low febrile affections, it increases the fullness 
and lessens the frequency of the pulse and promotes 
sleep, but is hurtful if it produces restlessness or 
quickens the pulse. In convalescence from pro- 
tracted fever, it is often the best remedy. 

Sherry or Hock is most useful in dyspepsia, Port 
in pure debility. Claret is less .heating and some- 
what aperient and diuretic; and Champagne appli- 
cable in sinking stage of low fevers, in irritable 
stomach, and the debility of the aged. 
Vio / la Tric/olor. Pansy. 

Mucilaginous, slightly laxative. Eoot is emetic 
and cathartic in dose of 3 ss-3 j. 



zin 125 

Vitei/lus. Yolk of egg. 
*Winte 7 ka. Winter's Bark. 

Stimulant, aromatic, tonic. 

Use. As an adjunct to stomachic infusions in 
dyspepsia and scorbutus. 

Dose, .gss with cinnamon or canella alba. 
*Wooba / ri. Curare. Arrow-poison. 

A paralyzer of the motor-nerves. 
*Xanthorrhi / za. Yellow-root. 

Tonic, like calumbo and quassia. 

Use. Wherever a pure tonic is indicated. 
Xanthox'ylum. Prickly ash. 

Stimulant, diaphoretic ; resembling guaic. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism, and as a topical 
remedy in toothache. 

Dose. 10-30 grs. of powder, or a pint of decoc- 
tion ( ,fj-Oij water, boiled 15 minutes) in divided 
doses in 24 hours. 

Prep. Ext. Xanth. Fl. 
Yerba Saxta. See Eriodictyon. 

Zm'ci Ace'tas. Acetate of Zinc. Zn(C 2 H 3 2 ) 2 
3H 2 0. 

Soluble in 3 parts water and 30 of alcohol. 

Use. As astringent collyrium, and as injection in 
gonorrhoea. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. to § j distilled water. 
ZiN / ci Bro'midum. Bromide of Zinc. ZnBr. 

Very soluble in water and alcohol. 

Has been commended in epilepsy, chronic alco- 
holism, etc. 

Dose. 2 grs. in syrup or water, 3 or 4 times a day, 
gradually increased. 
Zin / ci Carbo'stas Pr^cipita'tus. Precipitated 
Carbonate of Zinc. (ZnC0 2 ) 2 3Zn(HO) 2 . 

Insoluble. 



126 ZIN 

A substitute for calamine, or impure carbonate 
of zinc. A mild astringent in excoriations. 

Prep. Zinci Acetas. 
Zin'ci Chlo'kidum. Chloride of Zinc. ZnCl 2 . 

Soluble in water and alcobol. 

Used chiefly as an escharotic — 1 part to 2-5 of 
flour, made into a paste with water; applied after 
removing the skin with acid nitrate of mercury, 
etc. The surrounding skin should be protected by 
simple cerate, etc. 
Znsr'ci Iod'idum. Iodide of Zinc. Znl 2 . 

Soluble in water and alcohol. 

Alterative. 

Dose. J -2 grs. in syrup; solution of 10-30 grs. to 
§ j water usefully applied to enlarged tonsils. 
ZlN / ci Ox / idum. Oxide of Zinc. ZnO. 

Insoluble. 

Tonic, antispasmodic, astringent; exsiccant to 
excoriations. 

Use. In epilepsy, chorea, and other spasmodic 
affections. 

Dose. 2-8 grs., several times a day, in pill. 

Prep. Ung. Zinci Oxid. 
Zin'ci Phos'phidum. Phosphide of Zinc. Zn 3 P 2 . 

Insoluble in water and alcohol. 

Effects similar to phosphorus. 

Dose. -Jo gr. 
Zin / ci Sui/phas. Sulphate of Zinc. ZnS0 4 . 

Soluble in .6 parts water; insoluble in alcohol. 

Tonic, astringent; emetic in large doses. 

Use. As it operates very quickly, it is used, com- 
bined with infusion of ipecacuanha, to empty the 
stomach in the commencement of the cold stage of 
the intermittent paroxysm ; and in other cases 
. where immediate vomiting is required. As a tonic, 
it is useful in phthisis, dyspepsia, and nervous 



zin 127 

affections. Externally in collyria, in ophthalmia, 
after the inflammatory action has subsided ; in in- 
jections in gonorrhoea; and as a lotion in external 
inflammations, and to stop inordinate discharge. 

Dose. As tonic 1-2 grs. ; emetic 10-30 grs. ; as 
collyrium 1-3 grs. in §j water; as caustic §] of 
dry powdered salt, gj glycerin, or giij lard. 
Zin / ci Valeria'nas. Valerianate of Zinc. Zn 
(C 5 H 9 2 ) 2 H 2 0. 

Soluble in 100 parts water and 40 of alcohol. 

Antispasmodic. 

Dose. 1-2 grs. in pill, several times a day. 
Zin / gibek. Ginger. 

Stimulant, carminative, sialagogue. 

Use. In gout, flatulent colic, dyspepsia, and 
tympanitis; as an adjunct to griping purgatives; 
less heating than pepper. 

Dose. 10-20 grs. of powder; 10-30 minims of 
fluid extract; gj of tincture. 

Prep. Ext. Zing. PI.; Oleoresina Zingib. ; Pil. 
Scillse Comp. ; Pulv. Aromat.; Tinct. Zingib. 



PREPARATIONS AND MODES OF ADMINIS- 
TRATION. 



1. ABSTRACTA.— Abstracts. 
Convenient solid preparations, whose strength bears 
a definite relation to the drug, being twice as strong 
as the drug or fluid extract, and about ten times the 
strength of the tincture: — 

Abstrac'tum Aconi'ti. Abstract of Aconite. 
Dose, i-1 gr. 
Belladon / na3. Abstract of Belladonna. 

Dose, i-1 gr. 
Coni'i. Abstract of Conium. 

Dose, 1-2 grs. 
Digita / lis. Abstract of Digitalis. 

Dose, i-1 gr. 
Hyoscy'ami. Abstract of Hyoscyamus. 

Dose, 2-3 grs. 
Igna'tise. Abstract of Ignatia. 

Dose, \-\\ grs. 
Jala'pse. Abstract of Jalap. 

Dose, 10-15 grs. 
Nu'cis 
Vomicae. Abstract of Nux Vomica. 
Dose, 1-2 grs. 
Podophyl'li. Abstract of Podophyllin. 
Dose, 5-10 grs. 
128 



MEDICATED WATERS. 129 

Abstrac'tum Sen'egse. Abstract of Senega. 
Dose, 1-3 grs. 
Valeriana. Abstract of Valerian. 
Dose, 10-20 grs. 

2. ACETA.— Vinegars. 

Solutions in vinegar or acetic acid, which represent 
10 per cent, of crude drug: — 
Ace'tum Canthar / idis. Vinegar of Cantharides. 
Dose external. 
11 Lobe / lia. Vinegar of Lobelia. 

Dose, 30n\,-3ij. 
" (ypii. Vinegar of Opium. 

Dose, 10-15 drops. 
11 Sanguina'riae. Vinegar of Sanguinaria. 

Dose, 15 drops- giij. 
" Scil'lse. Vinegar of Squill. 

Dose, 15TTV-3J. 

3. AQILE.— Medicated Waters. . 

A'qua Ammo'niae. Water of Ammonia. 

Dose, 10-30 drops, diluted. 
u Ammo'nise For- Stronger Water of Am- 
tior. monia. 

Dose external. 
A'qn» Amy'gdate Am- K Almond watef 
arae. 

Dose, SJ-sjij. 
A'quse Ane'thi. Dill water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
" Ani / si. Anise water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
" Auran / tii Flo / rum. Orange flower water. 
Dose, ad libitum. 
9 



130 CATAPLASMS OB POULTICES. 

A'quae Cam'phorse. Camphor water. 

Dose, gss-gj. 
u Car'ui. Caraway water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
1 ' Chlo'ri. Chlorine water. 

Dose external. 
11 Clilo / roformi. Chloroform water. 

Dose, §ss-§ij. 
" Cinnamo / mi. Cinnamon water. 

Dose, diluted one-half. 
" Creaso'ti. Creasote water. 

Dose, Sj-^iv. 
11 Destilla'ta. Distilled water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
" Fcenic'uli. Fennel water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
11 Lau'ro-cer'asi. Laurel water. 

Dose, 3ss-3j. 
" Men'thsePiperi'tse. Peppermint water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
" Vir'idis. Spearmint water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
" Ro'sse. • Rose water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
" Sambu / ci. Elder flower water. 

Dose, ad libitum. 



4. CATAPLASMATA.— Cataplasms or Poul- 
tices. 
Cataplas / ma Carbo / nis. Charcoal poultice. 

Charcoal, 5 SS > bread crumb, §ij; linseed meal, 
^iss; boiling water, gx. 
Cataplas / ma Coni'i. Hemlock poultice. 

Powdered hemlock, 5§j; linseed meal, §iij; boil- 
ing water, §x. 



COLLODION. 131 

Cataplas / ma Ferment. Yeast poultice. 

Beer yeast, gvi; flour, gxiv; warm water, gvi. 
Ferment near the fire. 
Cataplas'ma Li / ni. Linseed poultice. 

Linseed meal, giv; boiling water, gx; olive oil, 
gss. 
Cataplas'ma Sina / pis. Mustard poultice. 

Powdered mustard; linseed meal, each gijss; boil- 
ing water, § x. 
Cataplas'ma So'dae CMo- chlolisle ponltice . 
ra'tae. r 

Solution of chlorinated soda, g ij ; linseed meal, g lv J 
boiling water, g viij . 

5. CEKATA.— Cerates. 
(Consistence between ointments and plasters.) 
Cera'tum. Simple cerate. 

11 Cani'phorae. Camphor cerate. 
1 '' Canthar / idis. Blistering cerate. 
il Ceta / cei. Spermaceti cerate. 

" Extrac / ti Can- Cerate of Extract of Can- 
thar / idis. tharides. 



Goulard's cerate. 



Cera / tum Plum / bi Sub- 

acetatis. 

Cera 7 turn Resinae. Basilicon ointment. 

" Sabi'nae. Savine cerate. 



6. CHARTS.— Medicated Papers. 
Char / ta Canthar'idis. Blistering paper. 

" Potas'sii Nitra'tis. Asthma paper. 
" Sina / pis. Mustard paper. 

7. COLLODIUM.— Collodion. 
Collodion is variously medicated. Thus we have 
iodized, ferruginous and caustic collodion. 



132 DECOCTIONS. 

The following are officinal: — 

CO th°aS. CUm Can " Cantharidal collodion. 
Collo / dium Flex'ile. Flexible collodion. 

u Stypticum. Styptic collodion. 



8. CONFECTIO'NES.— Confections. ' 

[Formerly Conserves and Electuaries.) 
Medicinal substances with saccharine matter, form- 
ing a soft solid : — 

Confec'tio O'pii. Confection of Opium. 

1 gr. Opium in 40 grs. 
Pi'peris. Confection of Black pepper. 

Dose, Sj-gij. 
Eosse. Confection of Eose. 

Dose, ad libitum. 
" Caninse. Confection of Hips. 
Dose, ad libitum. 
Scammo'nii. Confection of Scammony. 

Dose, ^ss-^j. 
Sen'nse. Confection of Senna. 

Dose, 33J. 
Sulphu'ris. Confection of Sulphur. 

Dose, gij. 
Terebin'thinse. Confection of Turpentine. 
Dose, 9 j- % j. 

9. DECOCT A.— Decoctions. 

Vegetable solutions made by boiling in water. 
Often substituted by tinctures and fluid extracts : — 
Decoc'tum A / loes Compositum, Compound decoction, 

of Aloes. Dose, ;f ss- § ij . 
Decoc / tum Cetra'rise, Decoction of Iceland Moss. 

Dose, Oj in 24 hours. 



PLASTERS. 133 

Decoc / tum Cincho'nae fiVvse, Decoction of Yellow 
Bark. Dose, §j. 

Decoc / tum Grana'ti Kadi'cis, Decoction of Pome- 
granate root. Dose, §j. 

Decoc / tum Haematox'ylon, Decoction of Logwood. 
Dose, gss-gij. 

'Decoc'tum Hor / dei, Decoction of Barley. Dose, Ad 
libitum. 

Decoc'tum Papa / veris, Decoction of Poppies. Dose, 
External. 

Decoc / tum Pareirae, Decoction of Pareira. Dose, 

Sj-^y. 

Decoc'tum Quer / cus, Decoction of Oak Bark. Dose, 

Decoc / tum Sarsse, Decoction of Sarsaparilla. Dose, 
giv-gyi. 

Decoc'tum Sarsae Compos'itum, Compound Decoc- 
tion of Sarsaparilla. Dose, § iv - § vi. 

Decoc / tum Scoparii, Decoction of Broom. Dose, 

Decoc / tum Tarax / aci, Decoction of Taraxacum. Dose, 

gy. 

Decoc / tum Ulmi, Decoction of Elm Bark. Dose, 



10. EMPLASTRA.— Plasters. 
Emplas'trum Ammoni / aci, Ammoniac plaster. 
Emplas / trum cum Hydrar'gyro, Ammoniac plaster 

with mercury. 
Emplas / trum Ar'nicae. Arnica plaster. 
Emplas / trum Assafcet'idae, Assafoetida plaster. 
Emplas / trum Belladon'nae, Belladonna plaster. 
Emplas / trum Canthar / idis, Blistering plaster. 
Emplas/trum Cap / sici, Capsicum plaster. 
Emplas'trum Cera / ti Sapo'nis, Soap cerate plaster. 



134 ELIXIES. 

Emplas / tnim Fer'ri (strengthening), Iron plaster. 

Emplas / trum Gal'bani, Galbanum plaster. 

Emplas'trum Hydrar'gyri, Mercurial plaster. 

Emplas'trum Ichthyocol'lse (Court), Isinglass plas- 
ter. 

Emplas'trum O'pii, Opium plaster. 

Emplas'trum Pi / cis, Pitch plaster. 

Emplas / trum Pi'cis Burgun / dica3, Burgundy pitch 
plaster. 

Emplas / trum Pi / cis Canadensis, Canada pitch (Hem- 
lock) plaster. 

Emplas / trum Pi / cis cum Canthar / ide, Warming plas- 
ter. 

Emplas'trum Plum'bi, Lead plaster. 

Emplas / trum Plum'bi Iod / idi, Iodide of Lead plaster. 

Emplas / trum Kesi'nse, Eesin (adhesive) plaster. 

Emplas / trum Sapo / nis, Soap plaster. 

11. ENEM'ATA. — Clystees (Injections). . 
En / ema A / loes, Enema of Aloes. 
En'ema Assafcet'idse, Enema of Assafoetida. 
En'ema Magne / sia3 Sulpha / tis, Enema of Sulphate 

of Magnesia. 
En'ema / pii, Enema of Opium (£ss Tinct.-^ij). 
En / ema Tab / aci, Enema of Tobacco. 
En'ema Terebin'thinse, Enema of Turpentine. 

12. ELIXIRIA.— Elixies. 
Aromatic, sweetened spirituous preparations con- 
taining small quantities of medicinal substances. 
Dose, from gj-gij, 3 or 4 times a day. The first 
named is the only officinal one, and is used as a 
vehicle. Manufacturers advertise many others : — 
Elix / ir Auran / tii. Simple Elixir. 
Elixir of Bismuth. 



FLUID EXTBACTS. 135 



ix'ir 


of Beef, Wine and Iron. 


it 


Bromide of Potassium (5grs. to 3J). 


tl 


" Ammonium. 


tt 


1 1 Sodium. 


tt 


Calisaya Bark. 


it 


1 * and Iron. 


tt 


Gentian. 


it 


" andiron. 


tt 


Guarana. 


tt 


Iron and Quinine. 


it 


Pepsin and Bismuth. 


tt 


" " and Strychnine. 


u 


Phosphate of Iron. 


it 


" " and Quinine. 


it 


" " Quinine and Strychnine. 


tt 


Taraxacum. 


tt 


' ' Compound. 


tt 


Valerianate of Ammonia. 



13. EXTRAC'TA.— Extkacts. 
Solids resulting from evaporation of solutions of 
vegetable principles, suitable for pills. 

EXTRAC'TA FLU'IDA.— Fluid Exteacts. 

Represent 16 troy ounces to the pint, so that min- 
ims of fluid extract correspond to grains of the drug. 
Should be prescribed in flavored water, elixir, or 
syrup : — 
Extrac'tum Aconi'ti, Extract of Aconite. Dose, 1-2 

grs. 
Extrac / tum Aconi'ti Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Aconite. Dose, J-l n\,. 
Extrac / tum Al'oes Aquo'suni, Aqueous extract of 

Aloes. Dose, 2-10 grs. 



136 FLUID EXTEACTS. 

Extrac'tum Anthem'idis, Extract of Chamomile. 
Dose, 2-10 grs. 

Extrac'tum Ar'nicse Kadi / cis, Extract of Arnica root. 
Dose, 3-5 grs. 

Extrac / tum Ar / nica3 Eadi / cis Flu'idum, Fluid extract 
of Arnica root. Dose, 5-10 TT\,. 

Extrac'tum Aromat / icum Flu / idum, Aromatic fluid 
extract. Dose, 10-20 ttV 

Extrac / tum Auran / tii Ama^i Flu / idum, Fluid extract 
of Bitter Orange Peel. Dose, 15-30 tt\,. 

Extrac'tum Belladon'nse, Extract of Belladonna. 
Dose, i~i gr. 

Extrac / tum Belladon / na3 Alcoho'licum, Alcoholic 
extract of Belladonna. Dose, I gr. 

Extrae'tum Belladon / na3 Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Belladonna. Dose, 1-2 rr^. 

Extrac'tum Braye'rse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Brayera. Dose, 3 SS ~"3J- 

Extrac'tum Bu'chu Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Bu- 
chu. Dose, gss-gj. 

Extrac / tum Cal'ami Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Cal- 
amus. Dose, 5-15 tt^. 

Extrac'tum Calum'bse Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 
Calumba. Dose, 15-30 ff\,. 

Extrac'tum Can / nabis In'dicse, Extract of Indian 
Hemp. Dose, \ gr. 

Extrac / tum Can'nabis In'dicse Flu / idum, Fluid ex- 
tract of Indian Hemp. Dose, \-\ rr^. 

Extrac'tum Cap'sici Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Cap- 
sicum. Dose, \-\ tr^. ' 

Extrac'tum Casta'nese Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Castanea. Dose, .^j-gij. 

Extrac'tum Chimaph'ilse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Chimaphila. Dose, gj. 

Extrac / tum Chiratse Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Chi- 
rata. Dose, gss. 



FLUID EXTEACTS. 137 

Extrac'tum Cimicif'ugse Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 
Cimicifaga. Dose, gss-^j. 

Extrac / tum Cincho / nse, Extract of Cinchona. Dose, 
10-30 grs. 

Extrac'tum Cincho'nse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Cinchona. Dose, gj. 

Extrac / tum Col'chici Kadi / cis, Extract of Colchicum 
root. Dose, 1-2 grs. 

Extrac/tum Col'chici Kadi'cis Flu / idum, Fluid ex- 
tract of Colchicum root. Dose, 2-8 n\,. 

Extrac / tum Colocyn'thidis Compos'itum, Comp. ex- 
tract of Colocynth. Dose, 5-30 grs. 

Extrac / tum Coni'i, Extract of Hemlock. Dose, 2 
grs. 

Extrac / tum Coni'i Alcoholicum, Alcoholic extract of 
Conium. Dose, J-l gr. 

Extrac / tum Coni'i Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Co- 
nium. Dose, 5 TT\,. 

Extrac'tum Cor / nus Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Cor- 
nus. Dose, gss. 

Extrac'tum Cubebse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Cu- 
beb. Dose, 10-40 n\. 

Extrac / tum Cypripe'dii Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Cypripedium. Dose, 15 rr^. 

Extrac'tum Digita / lis, Extract of Digitalis. Dose, 
igr. 

Extrac'tum Digita / lis Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 
Digitalis. Dose, 1-2 n\,. 

Extrac'tum Dulcama'rae Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Dulcamara . Dose, 3 ss - 5 j . 

Extrac'tum Ergo'tae, Extract of Ergot. Dose, 5 
grs.-^ss. 

Extrac / tum Ergo'tse Flu/idum, Fluid extract of Er- 
got. Dose, Jjs8-§ss. 

Extrac / tum Erythrox'yli Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 
Coca. Dose, 20tt\,-3j. 



138 FLUID EXTEACTS. 

Extrac'tum Eucalypti Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Eucalyptus. Dose, 5-10 tt\,. 
Extrac'tum Euon'ymi, Extract of Euouymus. Dose, 

1-3 grs. 
Extrac'tum Eupato'rii Flu/idum, Fluid extract of 

Eupatorium. Dose, 20TT^-^j. 
Extrac'tum Fran'gulae Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Frangula. Dose, 10-20 tt\,. 
Extrac / tum Gelsem'ii Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 

Gelsemium. Dose, 2-3 TT\,. 
Extrac / tum Gentia'nse, Extract of Gentian. Dose, 

5-10 grs. 
Extrac'tum Gentia'nae Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Gentian. Dose, 10-30 rr\,. 
Extrac / tum Gera / nii Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Gera- 
nium. Dose, g ss- ,5 j . 
Extrac / tum Glycyrrlii / za3, Extract of Liquorice. Dose, 

ad libitum. 
Extrac / tum Glycyrrhi'zae Flu / idum, Fluid extract 

of Liquorice. Dose, ad libitum. 
Extrac'tum Glycyrrhi'zse Pu / rum, Pure extract of 

Liquorice. Dose, ad libitum. 
Extrac / tum Gossyp'ii Radi'cis Flu'idum, Fluid ex- 
tract of Cotton root. Dose, gss-gj. 
Extrac / tum Grinde'lise Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Grindelia. Dose, 3 ss - 5 j . 
Extrac'tum Guara'nse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Guarana. Dose, 5 j - 3 ij . 
Extrac / tum Hsematox'yli, Extract of Logwood. Dose, 

10-30 grs. 
Extrac / tum Hamamel'idis Flu'idum, Fluid extract 

of Hamamelis. Dose, 5 ss. 
Extrac'tum Hydras / tis Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Hydrastis. Dose, g j - 3 ij . 
Extrac'tum Hyoscy / ami, Extract of Hyoscyamus. 

Dose, 2-3 grs. 



FLUID EXTEACTS. 139 

Extrac'tum Hyoscy'ami Alcohol'icum, Alcoholic ex- 
tract of Hyoscyamus. Dose, 1-2 grs. 

Extrac / tum Hyoscy / ami Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 
Hyoscyamus. Dose, 5 TT\^. 

Extrac / tum Ipecacuan'hae Flu'idum, Fluid extract 
of Ipecac. Emetic dose, 15-30 n\. 

Extrac / tum Ir / idis, Extract of Iris. Dose, 1-2 grs. 
11 Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Iris. 
Dose, 5-10 n\,. 

Extrac'tum Jala'pse, Extract of Jalap. Dose, 10-30 grs. 
1 i Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Jalap. 
Dose, 15-30 tt\,. 

Extrac'tum Juglan / dis, Extract of Juglans. Dose, 
5-10 grs. 

Extrac / tum Kranie'rise, Extract of Rhatany. Dose, 
10-20 grs. 

Extractum Krame / ria3 Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Rhatany. Dose, 10 rr^ - 3 j . 

Extrac / tum Lactu'cse, Extract of Lettuce. Dose, 
5-15 grs. 

Extrac / tum Lactu'cse Fluid urn, Fluid extract of Let- 
tuce. Dose, 5-30 TT^. 

Extractum Leptan'drse, Extract of Leptandra. Dose, 
5-10 grs. 

Extrac / tum Leptan'drse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Leptandra. Dose, 20^-^3. 

Extractum Lobe'lise Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Lo- 
belia. Emetic dose, 10-20 n\,. 

Extractum Lu / puli, Extract of Hop. Dose, 10-30 grs. 
" Lupuli'nae Flu'iduni, Fluid extract of Hop. 
Dose, 10-15 tt\,. 

Extrac'tum Mal'ti, Extract of Malt. Dose, gj-giv. 
Matico Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Matico. 
Dose,3ss-3J. 

Extrac'tum Meze'rei, Extract of Mezereum. Exter- 
nal use. 



140 FLUID EXTEACTS. 

Extrac'tum Meze / rei Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 
Mezereum. External use. 

Extrac'tum Meze'rei iEthe'reum, Ethereal extract 
of Mezereum. External use. 

Extrac'tum Nu'cis Vom'icse, Extract of Nux Vomica. 
Dose, \ - 2 grs. 

Extrac / tum Nu'cis Vom'icse Fluidum, Fluid extract 
of Nux Vomica. Dose, 3-5 tt\,. 

Extrac'tum Opii, Extract of Opium. Dose, J- 1 gr. 
" u Liq'uidum, Liquid extract of 

Opium. Dose, 10 n\,. 

Extrac / tum Papa / veris, Extract of Poppies. Dose, 
5-10 grs. 

Extrac'tum Parei'rse, Extract of Pareira. Dose, 
10-30 grs. 

Extrac'tum Parei'rse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Pa- 
reira. Dose,3J-3ij. 

Extrac / tum Physostig / matis, Extract of Physostigma. 
Dose, T V - i gr. 

Extrac / tum Pilocarpi Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 
Pilocarpus. Dose, 1 5-30 n\,. 

Extrac / tum Podophyl'li, Extract of Podophyllum. 
Dose, 1-3 grs. 

Extrac / tum Podophyl'li Fluidum, Fluid extract of 
Podophyllum. Dose, 5-1511^. 

Extrac / tum Pruni Virginia'nse Flu / idum, Fluid ex- 
tract of Wild Cherry. Dose, gss -£.j. 

Extrac / tum Quas'sise, Extract of Quassia. Dose, 
1-2 grs. 

Extrac / tum Quas'sise Fluidum, 'Fluid extract of 
Quassia. Dose, 5-10 tt^. 

Extrac / tum Rhe'i, Extract of Rhubarb. Dose, 5-10 grs. 

Extrac / tum Rhe / i Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Rhu- 
barb. Dose, 10-30 tt\,. 

Extrac / tum Rho / is Gla'brse Fluidum, Fluid extract 
of Rhus Glabra. Adjuvant to gargles. 



FLUID EXTEACTS. 141 

Extrac / tum Ro / sae Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Rose. 

Adj uvant. Dose, 3; j - 3 ij . 
Extrac^um Ru / bi Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Rubus. 

Dose, 3SS-3J. 
Extrac/tum Ru/micis Flu^dum, Fluid extract of 

Rumex. Dose, 3 j. 
Extrax/tuni Sabi / na3 Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Savine. Dose, 3rr\,. 
Extrac / tum Sanguina / riae Flu / idum, Fluid extract 

of Sanguinaria. Dose, 3-5 n^. 
Extrac / tum SarsapariFlae Compos / itum Flu / idum, 

Compound fluid extract of Sarsaparilla. Dose, 

Sss-^j. 
Extrac/tum SarsapariFlae Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Sarsaparilla. Dose, 30-60 rr^. 
Extrac/tum SciFlse Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Squill. 

Dose, 2-3 n\,. 
Extrac/tum Scutellariae Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Scutellaria. Dose, 3SS-3J. 
Extrac / tum Sen / ega Flu^dum, Fluid extract of 

Senega. Dose, 1-5 tt\,. 
Extrac / tum Sen / nae Flu / idum, Fluid extract of Senna. 

Dose,3J-3iv. 
Extrac / tum Serpen ta 7 ria3 Flu^dum, Fluid extract of 

Serpentaria, Dose, 20-30 tr^. 
Extrac/tum Spige / lise Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Spigelia. Dose, 5 j. 
Extrac/tum Spige / liae et Sen^ae Flu / idum, Fluid ex- 
tract of Spigelia and Senna. Dose, g ss - § ss. 
Extrac / tum Stillin/giae Flu^dum, Fluid extract of 

Stillingia. Dose, 15-45 n^. 
Extrac/tum Stramo / nii, Extract of Stramonium. 

Dose, i-Jgr. 
Extrac/tum Stramo/nii Flu/idum, Fluid extract of 

Stramonium. Dose, 1-2 TT\,. 



142 GLYCEEITES. 

Extrac'tum Tarax'aci, Extract of Taraxacum. Dose, 

BJ-3J- 
Extrac'tum Tarax / aci Flu / idum, Fluid extract of 

Taraxacum. Dose, 3 j - 3 iij . 
Extrac'tum Trit / ici Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Trit- 

icum. Dose, 3 iij - 3 vj . 
Extrac / tum U / vse Ur / si Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 

Uva Ursi. Dose, 3 ss - 3 j . 
Extrac / tum Valerianae Flu'idum, Fluid extract of 

Valerian. Dose, 3 j. 
Extrac'tum Vera'tri Vir'idis Fluidum, Fluid extract 

of Veratrum Viride. Dose, 1-2 tt\,. 
Extrac / tum Vibur'ni Flu'idum, Fluid extract of Vi 

burnum. Dose, 3SS-3J. 
Extrac'tum Xanthox'yli Fluidum, Fluid extract of 

Xanthoxylum. Dose, 3 ss - 3 ) . 
Extrac'tum ZiDgib / eris Fluidum, Fluid extract of 

Ginger. Dose, 10-20 ttV 

14. GLYCERITA.— Glyceeites.— (Glycerina B.Ph.) 

Medicinal solutions in Glycerin : — 
Glyceri'num Ac'idi Carbol'ici, Glycerine of Carbolic 

Acid. Dose, 5-10 TT^. 
Glyceri'num Ac'idi Gal'lici, Glycerine of Gallic 

Acid. Dose, 20-60 tt\,. 
Glyceri'num Ac'idi Tan'nici, Glycerine of Tannic 

Acid. Dose, 10-40 n\,. 
Glyceri / tum Amy / li, Glycerite of Starch. External 

use. 
Glyceri'num Bora'cis, Glycerine of Borax. External 

use. 
Glyceri / tum Vitel'li, Glycerite of yolk of egg. Ex- 
ternal use. 






INFUSIONS. 143 

15. INFUSA.— Infusions. 
Aqueous solutions, without ebullition. Generally 

made extemporaneously: — 

Infu / sum Anthem / idis. Chamomile Fl. , g ss ; boiling 
water, g x. Dose, g j - g ij . 

IniVsum AuraVtii. Bitter orange peel, g ss; boiling 
water, g x. Dose, g ij - g iij . 

IniVsum Auran / tii Compos'itum. Bitter orange peel, 
J oz. ; lemon peel, 3 j ; cloves, 3 ss ; boiling water, 
gx. Dose, gj-gij. 

Infu / sum Braye / ra. Powdered Bray era, 1 oz. ; boil- 
ing water, Oj . Dose, Oss. 

IniVsum BVchu. Buchu leaves, J oz. ; boiling 
water, g x. Dose, gj-gij. 

InfVsum CaluiVbse. Calumbae root, \ oz. ; cold 
water, g x. Dose, g ij . 

Infu / sum Caryophyl'li. Cloves, | oz. ; boiling water, 
gx. Dose, gij. 

Infu / sum Cascaril'la. Cascarilla bark, 1 oz. ; boiling 
water, g x. Dose, g ij . 

IniVsum Catechu. Powdered Catechu, 160 grs. ; cin- 
namon,. 30 grs. ; boiling water, g x. Dose, g j - g iij. 

Infu / sum Chira'tse. Chiretta, \ oz. ; water at 120°, 
gx. Dose, gj-g iij. 

Infu / sum Cincho'nse. Cinchona, \ oz. ; boiling water, 
gx. Dose, gij. 

IniVsum Cusp'ariae. Cusparia bark, \ oz. ; water at 
120°, gx. Dose, gij. 

InfVsum Cus / so. Kousso, \ oz. ; boiling water, g viij . 
Dose, g viij . 

IniVsum Digita'lis. Digitalis leaves, 30 grs. ; boil- 
ing water, g x. Dose, % ij - 3 iv. 

IniVsum Dulcama'rae. Dulcamara, g j ; boiling water, 
gx. Dose, gj -gij. 

IniVsum Ergo'tse. Ergot, J oz. ; boiling water, 5 x. 
Dose, gij. 



144 INFUSIONS. 

InfVsum Eupato'rii. Boneset, 1 oz. ; boiling water, 

Oj. Dose, gj-gij. 
Infu / sum Gentia'nse Comp. Gentian root, bitter or- 
ange peel, each 60 grs. ; lemon peel, J oz. ; boiling 

water, § x. Dose, % j . 
InfVsum Junipe'ri. Juniper, 1 oz. ; boiling water, 

Oj. Dose, gij-giij. 
InfVsum Krame'riae. Rhatany root, \ oz. ; boiling 

water, § x. Dose, § j - § ij . 
InfVsum Li / ni. Flaxseed, \ oz. ; Liquorice root, 120 

grs.; boiling water, Oj. Dose, ad libitum. 
InfVsuni LVpuli. Hop, J oz. ; boiling water, gx. 

Dose, gj-gij. 
InfVsum Mati'cse. Matico leaves, J oz. ; boiling 

water, § x. Dose, § ij . 
InfVsum Parei / ra. Pareira Brava, 1 oz. ; boiling 

water, Oj . Dose, § j - § ij . 
InfVsum Pi'cis Liq'uidae. Tar, Oj; water, Oiv; mix 

and filter. Dose, Oj-Oij daily. 
InfVsum PrVni Virginia'nse. Wild cherry, \ oz. ; 

water, § xii. Strain through a percolator. Dose, 

InfVsuni Quas'siae. Quassia, 3 j ; cold water, 3 x. 

Dose, gij. 
InfVsum Rhe'i. Rhubarb, \ oz. ; boiling water, g x. 

Dose, gj-gij. 
InfVsum Ro'sae Ac'idum. Rose petals, } oz. ; diluted 

sulphuric acid, gj; boiling water, gx. Dose, gij- 

InfVsum SeVegse. Senega, J oz. ; boiling water, g x. 
Dose, gj-giij. 

InfVsum SeVnse. Senna, 1 oz. ; ginger, 30 grs. ; boil- 
ing water, § x. Dose, § iv. 

InfVsum SeVnse Comp. Senna, \ oz. ; manna, 1 oz. ; 
sulph. magnes., 1 oz. ; fennel, 73 grs. ; boiling water, 
Oj. Dose, giv. 



HYPODERMIC INJECTIONS. 145 

Infu'sum Serpen ta'riae. Serpen tary root, J oz. ; boil- 
ing water, % x. Dose, g j- J ij . 

Infu / sum Spige'liae. Spigelia, \ oz. ; boiling water, 
Oj. Dose, §iv-§ viij. 

Infu / sum Tarax / aci. Dandelion, 2 oz. ; boiling water, 
Oj. Dose, giv. 

Infu / sum U'va Ur / si. Bearberry leaves, \ oz. ; boil- 
ing water, g x. Dose, % j - § ij . 

Infu'sum Valeria / na3. Valerian root, 120 grs. ; boil- 
ing water, g x. Dose, % ij . 

Infa / sum Zingiberis. Ginger, \ oz.; boiling water, 
Oj. Dose, lij. 

16. HYPODERMIC INJECTIONS. 
The hypodermic syringe has been very popular, and 
in cases of unconsciousness, etc. , may readily replace 
other methods. The following is a partial list of con- 
ditions, and remedies usedhypodermically: — 
Abortion; Pilocarpine has caused it. Arrest of Per- 
spiration; Pilocarpine. Bubo; Carbolic acid. Car- 
cinoma ; Acetic acid, 1 to 3 parts water. Cerebral 
Apoplexy; Ergotine. Chloroform Poisoning ; T V gr. 
of digitaline, followed in an hour by T V gr. atropia. 
Chorea; Curare, ^-^gr* daily. Congestive Chills; 
10 drops tincture belladonna every 15 minutes till 
the pulse can be felt, then quinine, brandy or 
whiskey in same way. Croup; 1 percent, sol. sulph. 
atropia in a desperate case. Dysentery; J gr. mor- 
phia. Epilepsy ; sol. of curare, 7 grs. in 25 minims 
water, with 2 drops hydrochloric acid. Inject 8 
drops once a week. Eczema ; Arseniate of Soda, J, 
J and 1 per cent., beginning with 10 minims of the 
weaker. Erectile Tumors ; Perchloride of iron and 
chloride of sodium. Erysipelas; Carbolic and sali- 
cylic acids, 3 per cent, solutions. Foreign body in 
10 



146 FORMULA AND DOSES. 

(Esophagus; T V gr. apomorphia, producing vomiting. 
Goitre; Ergo tine, J, increased to 1 gr. Haemoptysis; 
Ergotine. Haemorrhoids; Carbolic acid. Hemor- 
rhages; Ergotine. Hiccough; f gr. chlorohydrate 
of pilocarpine. Night sweats; Atropia, -fa gr. 
Opium Poisoning ; 30 minims warm fluid extract of 
coffee. Caffeine citrate and sulphate of atropia 
are also antidotes. Puerperal Convulsions ; Chloral. 
Snake Bites; Ammonia, brandy, carbolic or sali- 
cylic acid. Strychnia Poisoning; 1 gr. caffeine, 
chloral, alcohol. Trichinosis; Tincture of ergot 
and ergotine. 
Solutions should be perfectly dissolved and filtered, 

and care taken that no air remains in the nozzle 

of the syringe. 

FORMULA AND DOSES. 

Apomorphia. Gr. j ; Aqua pura, ^ij. 1 tt\, = t \q gr. 

Dose, 5-20 n\,. 
Atropia. Of a solution of \ gr. to £ j water, 5 tr\^ = 

¥ V gr. (Full dose.) Of \ gr. to 5 j, 2* *i, = & gr. 

Of lgr. tosj, lrri=:^gT. 
Caffein. Grs. vj ; Alcohol, Aq. Dest., each gj. Dose, 

20 tt^ = 1 gr. Or, citrate of caffein, 1 gr. to gtt. 

xxiv pure Glycerine. 
Camphorse. Grs. v; Alcohol, gj. Dose, 6-30 Tr^. 
Chloral Hydrate, gj; Aq. font., gij. Dose, 4-16 TT\,. 
Conise. Gr. j; Alcohol, Aqua font. , each 3 v. lff\,= 

^gr. Dose, 5-15 r^. 
Digitalin. J gr. ; Alcohol, Aq. font., each £ij. 1 tr^ 

= ?io HI- Dose, 4-8 tt\,. 
Ergotin. Grs. ij; Alcohol, Glycerine, eachgss. Dose, 

5 n\, = i gr. Or, 3 parts Ergotin, 7.5 parts each of 

Glycerine and distilled water. 
Ext. Ergotse Fl. Filter carefully. Dose, 5-30 r^. 



INHALATION. 147 

Hydrargyri Chloridi Corros. Gr. j to §j distilled 

water. Dose, 10 tt\, == ^ gr. 
Hydrargyri et Sodii Iodidi. Grs. iij ; Aq. font., £iijss. 

Dose, 10 rr^ every other day. 
Morphise Sulph. Magen die's solution is often used (16 

grs. to gj). 15 nt = J gr. To this dose, ^ gr., 

or less, of Atropia may be usefully added. 
Physostigma. Solution of 2 grs. Ext. to 3 j. Dose, 10 

Pilocarpine Mur. or Nit. Grs. iij ; Aqua, 3; iv. 1 tt\, = 

¥ V gr. Dose, 10-20 Ti\,. 
Potassii Iodidi. £j;Aq., £iv. Dose, 6-20 n^. 
Quinise Sulphatis. £j; Acidi Sulph. Dil., 40 n^; Aquse 

destillatse, gj. Dose, 15-30 T^. 
Strychnise Sulph. A solution of 2 grs. to §j used 

in a dose of 5 Tr\,. = ^ gr. Or, 2 grs. to £ij of 

which 1 TTl = ^0 gr. 

17. INHALATION. 
Atomized fluids, or solutions in the form of spray, 
produced by a proper apparatus, are used in diseases 
of the throat and lungs. The following list of doses 
gives the amount used to § j of solution : — 
Acidum carbolicum, gr. j-ij. 

hydrocyanicum dilutum, 2 n^ 
" lacticum, 30TYL 
' 1 sulphurosum , 3 ij -viij . 
" tannicum, 3-20 grs. 
Alumen, 5-30 grs. 

11 exsiccatum, 3-20 grs. 
Ammonii chloridum, 5-40 grs. 
Aqua laurocerasi, 5-20 grs. 
Argenti nitras, 1-10 grs. 
Cupri sulphas, 1-6 grs. 
Extractum belladonna?, J - 1 gr. 



148 INHALATION. 

Extraction cannabis indicse, J - 2 grs. 
" conii, 5-10 grs. 
u " fluidum, 3-8 n\,. 

" hyoscyami fluidum, 3-10 Tt^. 
" opii, i -2 grs. 
" " aquosum, J - J gr. 

Ferri et ammonii sulphas, 3-6 grs. 

" subsulphas (Monsel's salt), i - 10 grs. 
1 i perchloridum, i - 2 grs. 
" sulphas, 1-2 grs. 
Glycerina, q. s. 

Hydrargyri chloridum corrosivum, T ^ - J gr. 
Liquor calcis, 1-2 fluidrachms. 

" saccharatus, 3J-£iv. 
" ferri subsulphatis, 10-20 drops. 
" picis, ^j-^ij- 
" iodinii compositus, 2-15 rr^. 
" potassii arsenitis, 3-15 TT^. 
" sodse chlorinatae, 30-40 tt\,. 
Morphise acetas, ^ ~ i S r * 

" sulphas, ?i-igr. 
Oleum terebinthinae, 1-5 TT^. 
Plumbi acetas, 2-10 grs. 
Potassii bromidum, 2-10 grs. 
" carbonas, 10 grs. -^ij. 
" chloras, 5-15 grs. 
" iodidum, 2-10 grs. 
" permanganas, 2-4 grs. 
Quininse sulphas, J-2 grs. 
Soda chlorinata, i^ss-^j. 
Sodii boras, 5-20 grs. 

u chloridum, 5-40 grs. 
Tinctura cannabis indicse, 5-10 tt\,. 
" ferri perchloridi, 5-30 TT\,. 
" iodinii, 3-15 n\,. 
" " composita, 10-30 n\,. 



LINIMENTS. 149 



Tinctura opii, 3-30 tt\,. 
Zinci sulphas, 3-10 grs. 



18. JELLIES. 
A convenient form of administering oils, resinous 
juices, etc. To ]§ j of the oil or liquid resin take 
honey, syrup, of each §ss, gum arabic powder 3 ij, 
Eussian isinglass 40 grs. orange-flower or cinnamon' 
water g vi. Dissolve the isinglass by heat, with § ss 
of the aromatic water, replacing the water as it evapo- 
rates. Triturate the other ingredients in a warm 
mortar, with the rest of the orange-flower water, 
into a uniform mass, add the hot solution of isinglass, 
stir as it cools, and set aside to gelatinize. 

19. LINIMENTA.— Liniments. 

Linimen'tum Aconi'ti, Aconite Liniment. Aconite 
root, § xx ; Camphor, gj; Rectified Spirit, Oj. 

Linimen'tum Ammo'niae, Ammonia Liniment, vola- 
tile liniment. Aq. Amm., 30 parts; Cotton seed 
oil, 70 parts. 

Linimen'tum Belladonnas, Belladonna Liniment. 
Fl. Ext. Bellad., 95 parts; Camphor, 5 parts. 

Linimen / tum Calcis, Lime Liniment. Lime and 
Cotton seed oil, each 50 parts. 

Linimen / tum Cam'phorae, Camphor Liniment. Cam- 
phor, 20 parts; Cotton seed oil, 80 parts. 

Linimen'tum Cam'phorse Compos / itum, Compound 
Camphor Liniment. Camphor, §ijss; Oil Laven- 
der, gj; Aq. Amnion., §v; Rect. Spirit, § xv - 

Linimen / tum Canthar'idis, Cantharides Liniment. 
Cantharides powder, 15 parts; Oil of Turpentine, 
85 parts. 

Linimen'tum Chlorofor'mi, Chloroform Liniment. 
Chloroform, 40 parts; Soap liniment, 60 parts. 



150 SOLUTIONS. 

Linimen'tum Croto'nis, Croton oil Lirfiment. Cro- 
ton oil, 3J; Oil of Cajeput, Rectified Spirit, each 
§ iijss. 

Linimen'tum Hydrar'gyri, Mercurial Liniment. 
Ointment of mercury, §j; Sol. of Ammonia, Cam- 
phor liniment, each %}. 

Linimen / tum Io'di, Iodine Liniment. Iodine, 1 \ oz. ; 
Iod. Potass., i oz. ; Camphor, J- oz.; Eect. Spts., 
10 oz. 

Linimen / tum O'pii, Opium Liniment, Anodyne lini- 
ment. Tinct. Opii, Soap liniment, each Jij. 

Linimen'tum Plum/bi Subaceta'tis, Liniment of Sub- 
acetate of Lead. Solution of Subacetate of Lead, 
40 parts; Cotton seed oil, 60 parts. 

Linimen'tum Potas / sii Iod / idicumSapone, Liniment 
of Iodide of Potass, and Soap. Soap, Iod. Pot., 
each % jss; Glycerine, Jj; Oil of Lemon, gj; Dis- 
tilled Water, § x. 

Linimen / tum Sapo / nis, Soap Liniment. Soap, 10 
parts; Camphor, 5 parts; Oil Rosemary, 1 part; Al- 
cohol, 70 parts; Water to 100 parts. 

Linimen / tum Sina / pis Compos / itum, Compound Lini- 
ment of Mustard. Oil of Mustard, 3 parts; Ext. 
Mezereum, 2 parts; Camphor, 6 parts; Castor oil, 
15 parts; Alcohol, q. s. to 100 parts. 

Linimen / tum Terebin / thinse, Turpentine Liniment. 
Resin cerate, 65 parts; Ol. Turpentine, 35 parts. 

Linimen / tum Terebin'thinse Ace / ticum, Liniment of 
Turpentine and Acetic Acid. -Ol. Turpentine, 
Acetic acid, Camphor liniment, equal parts. 

20. LIQUORS.— Solutions. 
Liquor Ac / idi Arsenio'si, Sol. of Arsenious Acid. 

1 per cent, by weight of arsenious acid. Similar 

to Fowler's Solution. Dose, 2-8 n\,. 
Li'quor Ammo / nii Aceta'tis, Sol. of Acetate of Am- 



SOLUTIONS. 151 

monia; Spirit of Mindererus. A valuable diapho- 
retic in fevers. Dose, 3 ij - 5 vj . 

Liquor Ammo'nise Citra'tis, Sol. of Citrate of Am- 
monia. Dose, 5 ij - 5 vj . 

Liquor Antimo / nii Chk/ridi, Sol. of Chloride of An- 
timony. 

Li / quor Arse / nii et Hydrar / gyri Iod'idi, Sol. of Iodide 
of Arsenic and Mercury ; Donovan's Solution. Dose, 
5-10 drops three times a day. 

Li / quor Atro'piae, Sol. of Atropia. Dose, 1-2 tt\,. 

Li'quor Atro'piae Sulpha'tis, Sol. of Sulphate of 
Atropia. Dose, 1-2 rr\,. 

Lr'quor Bismu'thi et Ammo'nise Citra'tis, Sol. of 
Citrate of Bismuth and Ammonia. Dose, gss-gj. 

Li'quor Cal'cis, Sol. of Lime. Lime water. Dose, 
g ij- ^ iv several times a day. For gastric disturb- 
ances, a tablespoonful, with same of milk, at J to 
2 hour intervals. In dyspepsia, a diet of milk, 3 
to 5 parts to 1 part lime water; very serviceable. 
Used by inhalation in membranous croup. 

Li'quor CaFcis Chlora'tse, Sol. of Chlorinated Lime. 
Dose, internally, 20-60 n\,. 

Li'quor Fer'ri Aceta'tis, Sol. of Acetate of Iron. 
Dose, 2-10 rr^. 

Li'quor Fer'ri Chlo'ridi, Sol. of Chloride of Iron. A 
powerful styptic externally. Dose, internally, 2- 
10 Til. 

Li'quor Fer'ri Citra'tis, Sol. of Citrate of Iron. Dose, 
10 TT^ 

Li'quor Fer'ri et Quini / nae Citratis, Sol. of Citrate 
of Iron and Quinine. Dose, 10-20 tr^. 

Li'quor Fer'ri Nitra'tis, Sol. of Nitrate of Iron. Dose, 
10 drops 3 times a day. 

Li'quor Fer'ri Subsulpha'tis, Sol. of Subsulphate of 
Iron; Monsel's Solution. A powerful styptic. Dose, 
internally, 3-6 n\,. 



152 SOLUTIONS. 

Li'quor Gutta-per'chse, Sol. of Gutta-percha. Gutta- 
percha, 9 parts; Chloroform, 91 parts; Carbonate 
of Lead, 10 parts. Artificial cuticle. 

Li / quor Hydrar / gyri Nitra / tis. Sol. of Nitrate of 
Mercury. Caustic. 

Li'quor Hydrar'gyri Perchlo / ridi, Sol. of Perehlo- 
ride of Mercury. Perchloride of Mercury, Chlo- 
ride of Ammonium, each 10 grs. ; distilled water, 
Oj. Dose, 3ss-5jij. 

Li'quor Io'di Compos / itus, Compound Sol. of Iodine. 
Iodine, 5 parts; Iod. Pot., 10 parts; distilled water, 
85 parts. Dose, 5 n\, diluted. 

Li'quor Li'thise Efferves / cens, Effervescing Sol. of 
Lithia. Dose, § v- § x. 

Li / quor Magnetise Carbona / tis, Sol. of Carbonate of 
Magnesia; Fluid Magnesia. Sulphate of Magnesia, 
5ij; Carbonate of Soda, ^ijss; water, Oj. Dose, 

Li / quor Magne'sii Citra'tis, Sol. of Citrate of Magne- 
sium. Dose, as purgative, §xij. 

Liquor Mor'phise Aceta / tis, Sol. of Acetate of Mor- 
phia. Acetate Morphia, 4 grs. ; Dil. Acetic Acid, 8 
r»V Rect. Spirit, gij; water, gvj. Dose, 15-20 tt\,. 

Li'quor Mor'phise Hydrochlora'tis, Sol. of Hydro- 
chlorate of Morphia. Hydrochlor. Morph., 4 grs. 
Dil. Hydrochloric Acid, 8 TT^; Rect. Spirit, gij; 
water, 3 vj . Dose, 15-30 TT\,. 

[This is stronger than the old officinal solution of 
sulphate of morphia. Magendie^s solution, of 16 grs. 
sulphate of morphia to f §j, is often used.] 

Liquor Pep'sini, Liquid Pepsin. Used in preference 
to elixirs, wines, etc. Dose, ^ss-§ij. 

Li / quor Plum'bi Subaceta'tis, Sol. of Subacetate of 
Lead. Contains about 25 per cent, of subacetate. 
giv- gj to Oj water as a lotion. 



LOTIONS. 153 

Liquor Plum'bi Subaceta / tis Dilutus, Diluted Sol. 
of Subacetate of Lead. Three parts of above so- 
lution to 97 of distilled water. 

Liquor Potas'sse, Sol. of Potassa. Contains about 5 
per cent, of Hydrate of Potassium. Dose, 10-30 

Liquor Potas / sii Arseni'tis, Sol. of Arsenite of Potas- 
sium; Fowler's Solution. Contains 1 per cent, of 
Arsenious Acid. Dose (average), 5 drops. 

Liquor Potas / sii Citra / tis, Sol. of Citrate of Potas- 
sium. Contains 9 per cent, of the salt. (See Mist. 
Pot. Citratis.) 

Li'quor So'dse, Sol. of Soda. Properties similar to 
Sol. of Potass. 

Liquor So'dae Chlora'tse, Sol. of Chlorinated Soda; 
Labarraque's Solution. Disinfectant; antiseptic. 
Dose, 30-60 drops, diluted. Externally, as lotion, 
diluted with 10-30 parts water. 

Li / quor So'dii Arsenia / tis, Sol. of Arseniate of Soda. 
Dose, 3-5 rrjL. 

Liquor So / dii Silica / tis, Sol. of Silicate of Sodium. 
Used in surgery for mechanical dressings. 

Li'quor Strych'nise, Sol. of Strychnia. Dose, 
5-10 1TL. 

Liquor Zin / ci Chlo'ridi, Sol. of Chloride of Zinc; 
contains about 50 per cent. Preservative fluid. 
For injecting anatomical subjects, 1 part to 18 of 
water. For general disinfection, Oj to 4 gallons 
water. 

21. LOTTO'NES.— Lotions. 
Lo / tio Hydrar / gyri Fla'va, Yellow wash. Corrosive 

sublimate, 18 grs. ; Lime water, §x. 
Lo'tio Hydrar / gyri Ni / gra, Black wash. Calomel, 

30 grs. ; Lime water, § x. 



154 MIXTURES. 

22. MASSA.— Mass. 
Mas'sa Copa'iba, Mass of Copaiba. Each pill may 

contain 5 grs. of Copaiba ; 2-6 grs. for a dose. 
Mas / sa Fer'ri Carbona'tis, Mass of Carbonate of Iron. 

Dose, 3-5 grs. in pill. 
Mas'sa Hydrar'gyri, Blue mass, Blue pill. Dose, 

3-12 grs. 

23. MISTHELE.— Mixtures. 

These are usually preparations of insoluble sub- 
stances suspended in watery fluids by the means of 
gum arabic, sugar, yolk of egg or other viscid matter. 
When the suspended substance is oily it is called an 
emulsion : — 
Mistu'ra Ammoni / aci, Ammoniac mixture. Dose, 

1-2 tablespoonfuls. 
Mistu'ra Amyg'dalse, Almond mixture. Dose, § ij- 

^viij. 
Mistu / ra Assafcet'ida, Asafcetida mixture. Dose, 1-2 

tablespoonfuls. 
Mistu / ra Chlorofor / mi, Chloroform mixture. Dose, 

1-2 tablespoonfuls. 
Mistu / ra Creaso / ti, Creasote mixture. Dose, §j 

" Cre'tse, Chalk mixture. Dose, 1 table- 
spoonful. 
Mistu'ra Fer / ri Aromat / ica, Aromatic mixture of 

Iron. Dose, gj-gij. 
Mistu'ra Fer'ri Compos'ita, Compound Iron mixture; 

Griffith's Mixture. Dose, gj -g ij. 
Mistu'ra Fer'ri et Ammo / nii Aceta / tis, Mixture of 

Acetate of Iron and Ammonia ;Basham's Mixture. 

Dose, §ss-§j. 
Mistu / ra Gentia'nae, Gentian mixture. Dose, §j. 
" Glycyrrhi 7 za3 Compos'ita, Compound mix- 



oils. 155 

ture of Liquorice, Brown mixture. Dose, 1 table- 
spoonful. 

Mistu / ra Gua'iaci, Guaiac mixture. Dose, 1-4 table- 
spoonfuls. 

Mistu'ra Magnesise et Assafcetida, Mixture of Mag- 
nesia and Asafoetida, Dewees's Carminative. Dose, 
20 TT\, 

Mistu / ra Potas'sii Citra / tis, Mixture of Citrate of 
Potassium, Neutral mixture. Dose, % ss, diluted. 

Mistu'ra Rhe'i et So'dse, Mixture of Rhubarb and 
Soda. Dose, }-l teaspoonful. 

Mistu/ra Scammo'nii, Scammony mixture. Dose, §ij. 
" Sen'nse Compos^ta, Compound mixture of 
Senna. Dose, § j - § jss. ' 

Mistu / ra Spir / itus Vi'ni Gal'lici, Brandy mixture. 
Dose, gj -gij- 

24. MUCILAGaNES.— Mucilages. 

Mucila'go Aca'cise, Mucilage of Acacia, ipart gly- 
cerine preserves it. ^ss usually suffices for a 
mixture of § vj . 

Mucila / go Am'yli, Mucilage of Starch. A vehicle 
for enema. 

Mucila'go Cydo / nii, Mucilage of Cydonium. Used 
in conjunctivitis and gonorrhoea. 

Mucila'go Sassafras MeduFlae, Mucilage of Sassafras 
pith. Ad libitum, as a drink. 

Mucila'go Tragacan'thse, Mucilage of Tragacanth. 

Ul / mi, Mucilage of Elm. As a drink in 
catarrhal and nephritic disease; locally in erysipelas. 

25. O'LEA.— Oils. 
O'lea Fix'a, Fixed Oils. 

1. Olive Oil Group. — Almond, Ben, Colza, Earth- 
nut, Black mustard, White mustard, Olive, and 
Rape-seed oils. 



156 OLEATES. 

2. Cotton-seed Oil Group. — Beech-nut, Cotton-seed, 
Hazel-nut, Sesam6, Sunflower, and Niger-seed 
oils. 

3. Linseed Oil Group. — Camelina, Cress-seed, 
Hemp-seed, Linseed, Poppy -seed, Scotch fir seed, 
Tobacco-seed, Walnut, and Weld-seed oils. 

4. Castor Oil Group. — Castor and Croton oils. 

5. Whale Oil Group. — Cod, Cod-liver, Tanner's 
Cod-oil, Menhaden, Porpoise, Seal, Shark, Sperm, 
and Whale oils. 

6. Lard Oil Group. — Bone, Lard, Tallow, and 
Neat 's-foot oils. 

7. Tallow Group. — Cacao butter, Cocoanut oil, 
Japan wax, Laurel oil, Palm oil, Palm-nut oil, 
and Shea or Galam butter, of vegetable origin; 
and bone fat, butter fat, Butterine and Oleo- 
margarine, hog's lard, horse fat, beef tallow, 
mutton tallow and wool fat (suint), of animal 
origin. 

8. Spermaceti Group. — Beeswax, Carnauba or Bra- 
zil wax, Chinese wax, Myrtle wax, Ocuba wax, 
Palm wax, and Spermaceti. 

O'lea Volati'lia, Volatile Oils. 

1. Hydro-carbons, as oils of turpentine and copaiba. 

2. Oxygenated oils, as oil of cinnamon and most 
aromatic oils. 

3. Sulphuretted oils, as oils of horseradish and 
mustard. 



26. OLEA'TA.— Oleates. 

Compounds of certain substances with oleic acid. 
They are cleaner and more easily absorbed than oint- 
ments : — 

01ea / tum Hydrar'gyri. Oleate of Mercury. 

" Veratri'nse. Oleate of Veratrine. 



oil. 157 

27. OLEORESFN^E.— Oleokesins. 

Liquid or semifluid preparations formerly classed 
with Fluid Extracts : — 
Oleoresr'na Aspid'ii, Oleoresin of Aspidium. Dose, 

gss-g j in gelatin capsules. 
01eoresi / na Cap'sici, Oleoresin of Capsicum. Dose, 

ito 1 n\,. 
01eoresi / na Cube'bse, Oleoresin of Cubeb. Dose, 

5-30 tt\,, suspended in water or with powdered sugar. 
01eoresi / na Lupuli'ni, Oleoresin of Lupulin. Dose, 

2-5 grs. in pill. 
01eoresi / na Pi / peris, Oleoresin of Black Pepper. 

Dose, J- -1 tt\, in pill or emulsion. 
01eoresi / na Zingib'eris, Oleoresin of Ginger. Dose, 

1 tt\,, much diluted. 

28. O'LEUM.— Oil. 
/ leum Ad'ipis, Lard oil. 

" iEthe'reum, Ethereal oil. Used in prepar- 
ing Spts. 2Eth. Comp. 
/ leum Amyg'dalse Ama'rae, Oil of Bitter Almond. 

Dose, \-l drop in emulsion. 
/ leum Amyg / dalse Expres / sum, Expressed oil of 

Almond. Dose, % j - § j . 
O'leum Ane'thi, Oil of Dill. Dose, 3-10 drops. 
" Ani'si, Oil of Anise. Dose, 5-15 drops. 
" Anthem'idis, Oil of Chamomile. Dose, 5-15 
drops. 
/ leum Auran / tii Cor / ticis, Oil of orange-peel. For 

flavoring. 
/ leum Auran'tii Florum, Oil of orange flowers. 

Used in Spts. Odoratus. 
O'leum Berga / mii, Oil of Bergamot. A perfume. 
" Cajupu'ti, Oil of Cajuput. Dose, 5-20 drops 
in pill or emulsion. 



158 oil. 

O'leum Cani'phorse, Oil of Camphor. Dose, 2-3 drops. 

" Ca / ri, Oil of Caraway. Dose, 1-10 drops. 

u Caryophyl'li, Oil of Cloves. Dose, 2-6 drops. 

" Chenopo / dii, Oil of Chenopodium. Dose, 

4-8 drops. 

O'leum Cinnamo'mii, Oil of Cinnamon. Dose, 1-3 

drops in emulsion. 
/ lenm Copa'ibse, Oil of Copaiba. Dose, 10-15 drops 

in sugar or emulsion. 
/ leum Corian / dri, Oil of Coriander. Dose, 5-10 

drops. 
/ leum Cube'bse, Oil of Cubeb. Dose, 10-15 drops 

in emulsion or capsule. 
/ leum Erigeron'tis, Oil of Erigeron. Dose, 10 

TTL-3SS. 

/ leum Eucalypti, Oil of Eucalyptus. Dose, 10-15 

tr^ in capsules. 
O'leum Foenic / uli, Oil of Fennel. Dose, 5-15 drops. 
1 ' Gaulthe'rise, Oil of Gaultheria. For flavor- 
ing. 
/ leum Gossyp'ii Sem / inis, Cotton -seed oil. Often 

substituted for olive oil. 
/ leum Hedeo'mse, Oil of Hedeoma. Dose, 2-10 

drops. 
O'leum Junip / eri, Oil of Juniper. Dose, 5-15 drops. 
O'leum Lavan'dulse, Oil of Lavender. Dose, 1-5 

drops. Oil of Spike is another variety. 
/ leum Lavandulae Flo'rum, Oil of Lavender 

flowers. Superior to the last. 
O'leum Limo / nis, Oil of Lemon. Used for flavoring. 
1 i Li'ni, Oil of flaxseed. Dose, § j - % ij . 
u Men / tha3 Piperi'tse, Oil of Peppermint. Dose. 

2-6 drops. Menthol, or Peppermint camphor, is used 

externally in neuralgic headache, etc. 
/ leum Men'thse Vir / idis, Oil of Spearmint. Dose, 

2-6 drops. 



OIL. 159 

O'leum Mor'rhuae, Cod-liver oil. Dose, a tablespoon- 
ful 3 or 4 times a day, in impaired nutrition. 

7 leum Myr'ciae, Oil of Myreia (Bay). An ingredi- 
ent of Bay -rum. 

/ leum Myris'ticse, Oil of Nutmeg. Dose, 2-3 drops. 
" " Expres'suin, Expressed oil of 

Nutmeg. 

/ leum Oli'vae, Olive oil. Dose, §j -§ij. 

/ leum Phosphora'tuni, Phosphorated oil. Dose, 
3-5 TT\,. 

O'leum Pi / cis Liq'uidas, Oil of Tar. Oil of Cade is 
similar. Employed in skin diseases; conveniently 
in a soap. 

O'leum Piraen'tie, Oil of Allspice. Dose, 3-6 drops. 
1 ' Ricfni, Castor oil. Dose, § ss in emulsion, etc. 
" Ro'sae, Oil of Rose. Perfume. 
" Rosmar^ni, Oil of Rosemary. Dose, 3-6 drops. 

O'leum Ru'tse, Oil of Rue. Dose, 2-5 drops. 
11 Sabi'nse, Oil of Savine. Dose, 2-5 drops. 
" San'tali, Oil of Sandal. Dose, 20-30 tt\, in 
emulsion or capsule. 

/ leum Sas / safras, Oil of Sassafras. Aromatic stimu- 
lant. 

O'leum Ses'ami, Oil of Sesamum (Benne oil). Simi- 
lar to olive oil. 

/ leam Sina'pis Volatile, Volatile oil of mustard. 
Substitute for mustard plaster. 

O'leum Succi'ni, Oil of Amber. Dose, 5-15 drops in 
emulsion. 

/ leum Terebin'thinse, Oil of Turpentine. Dose, 
5-30 drops or more. 

/ leum Theobromine, Oil of Theobroma, Cacao But- 
ter. Used in ointments, etc. 

/ leum Thy'nri, Oil of Thyme. Sometimes called 
Oil of Origanum. The thymol it contains renders 
it useful in liniments. 



160 VAGINAL SUPPOSITORIES. 

Oleum Tig'lii, Croton oil. External irritant. Dose, 

1-2 drops in pill, as drastic purge. 
/ leum Valerianae, Oil of Valerian. Dose, 4-5 drops. 

29. OXYMEL.— Oxymel. 
Ox'ymel, A mixture of honey and vinegar as a 

vehicle, gargle, etc. 
Oxymel Scil'lse, Oxymel of Squill. Dose, ^j-^ij. 

30. PESSAEIES, or Vaginal Suppositories. 
Usually made with Oleum Theobromae, as an ex- 
cipient, shaped like minie rifle-bullet, and about 3 j 
in weight. Dose for each suppository as follows : — 
Acidum carbolicum, 2 tt\,. 
" gallicum, 10 grs. 
" salicylicum, 5 grs. 
" tannicum, 5-10 grs. 
" " 6 grs., Opium,. 2 grs. 

Alumen, 15 grs. 

1 ' 15 grs. , Catechu, 15 grs. 
Argenti nitras, 1 gr. 
Bismuthi subnitras, 15 grs. 
Chloral, 10-15 grs. 
Creasotum, J - i tt\,. 
Extractum Belladonnse, 1-2 grs. 

" " 2 grs . , Plumbi Iodidum, 5 grs. 

" Conii, 15 grs. 

" Hyoscyami, 2-4 grs. 

Ferri perchloridum, 3-5 grs. 

" subsulphas, 2-5 grs. 
Iodoformum, 5-10 grs. 
Morphise sulphas, \ - 1 \ gr. 

" " 1 gr., Acidum Tannicum, 5-10 grs. 

Opium, 1J-3 grs. 
Plumbi acetas, 2-7 grs. 



PILLS. 161 

Plumbi acetas, 5 grs. , Opium, 2 grs. 

" Iodidum, 5-10 grs. 
Potassii chloras, 5-15 grs. 

" bromidum, 10 grs. 

" iodidum, 5-10 grs. 

" permanganas, 3 grs. 
Sodii boras, 15 grs. 

" carbonas, 15 grs. 
Zinci Oxidum, 15 grs. 

" sulphas exsiccata, 3 grs. 

31. PIL/UL.E.— Pills. 

Globular masses, convenient for swallowing. The 
consistence of some substances, as soft extracts and 
some gum resins, requires no addition, but liquids 
or soft substances require, as excipients, dry and in- 
ert powders, as flour, starch, powdered gum arabic, 
or bread crumbs. Powders require soft solids, as ex- 
tracts, confections, soap, etc. , or tenacious liquids, as 
syrup, mucilage, or glycerin. A mixture of syrup 
ana powdered gum arabic is useful. Sometimes pills 
are coated with gelatin, others are sugar-coated, or 
covered with gold or silver leaf, but most commonly 
they are covered with some dry powder, as carbonate 
of magnesium, liquorice or lycopodium, to prevent 
their adhesion. Compressed pills, or tablets, are 
made without the aid of an excipient : — 
Pil'ulse AFoes, Pills of Aloes. Dose, 1-5, containing 

each J gr. of Aloes. 
Pil'ulse Al'oes et Assafeet'idse, Pills of Aloes and 

Asafcetida; about 4 grs. each. Dose, 2-5. 
Pil'ulse Al'oes et Fer / ri, Pills of Aloes and Iron. 

Dose, 1-3 pills. 
PiPulae Al'oes et Mas^iches, Pills of Aloes and Mastic. 

Each about 2 grs. of Aloes. Dose, 1 as laxative. 
11 



1G2 PILLS. 

Pil'ulse Al'oes et Myr'rhae, Pills of Aloes and Myrrh. 
Dose, 3-6. 

Pil'ulse Antimo / nii Compos'itse, Compound pills of 
Antimony; Plummer's pills; Compound Calomel 
pills. Calomel in each, J gr. Dose, 1-2 morning 
and evening. 

PiFulee Assafcet'idae, Pills of Asafoetida. Each has 3 
grs. of the gum resin. 

PiFulse Cambo'gise Compos'itse, Compound pills of 
Gamboge. 5-15 grs. as purgative. 

PiPulse Cathar'ticse Compos'itse, Compound cathartic 
pills. Dose, 1-3; 3 contain 4 grs. Comp. Ext. of 
Colocynth, 3 of Abst. Jalap; 3 of Calomel and f gr. 
of Gamboge. 

Pil'ula Colocyn / thidis Compos'ita, Compound pill of 
Colocynth. Dose, 5-20 grs. 

Pil/ula Colocyn'thidis et Hyoscy'ami, Pill of Colo- 
cynth and Hyoscyamus. Dose, 5-20 grs. 

Pil'ula Co / nii Conipos'ita, Compound pill of Hem- 
lock. Dose, 5-10 grs. 

PiPulae Fer'ri Compos / ita3, Compound pills of Iron. 
Dose, 2-6, 3 times a day. 

Pil'ulse Fer / ri Iod / idi, Pills of Iodide of Iron. Each con- 
tains 1 gr.of Iodide of Iron and ^ gr.of reduced iron. 

Pil'ulse Gal'bani Compos'itae, Compound pills of 
Galbanum Dose, 2-4 pills. 

Pil'ula Ipecacuan / hse cum Scil'la, Pill of Ipecacuanha 
with Squill. Dose, 5-10 grs. 

PiPulse O'pii, Pills of Opium. Dose, 1 pill, contain- 
ing 1 gr. of opium. 

PiPulse Phos'phori, Pills of Phosphorus. Each con- 
tains T ^ o gr. of phosphorus. 

PiPulse Plum / bi cum O'pio, Pills of Lead and Opium. 
Dose, 2-3 grs. 

PiPulse Qui'nise, Pills of Quinine. Dose and quan- 
tity of quinine varies. 



POWDEBS. 163 

Pil'ulse Rhe'i, Pills of Rhubarb. Each contains 3 

grs. of rhubarb. 
Pil / ula3 Rhe'i Compos'itse, Compound pills of Rhu- 

barb. Dose, 2-4. 
PiKula Sapo'nis Compos'ita, Compound pill of Soap. 

One gr. of opium in 5 grs. 
Pil'ula Scammo'nii Compos'ita, Compound Scammo- 

ny pill. Dose, 5-15 grs. 
Pil'ula Scil'lse Compos'rEa, Compound Squill Pill. 

Dose, 5-10 grs. 

32. PUL VERES.— Powdeks. 

Many powders are best given in wafers. 
Pul'vis Amyg'dalse Compos / itus, Compound powder 

of Almonds. For preparing almond mixture. 
PuFvis Antimonia / lis, Antimonial powder. Dose, 3 

-8 grs. in pill. 
PuFvis Aromat'icus, Aromatic powder; compound 

cinnamon powder. Dose, 10-30 grs. 
PnFvis Cat'echu Compos'itus, Compound Powder of 

Catechu. Dose, 15-30 grs. 
PuFvis Cre'tse Aromat'icus, Aromatic powder of 

Chalk. Dose, 30-60 grs., in mucilage, etc. 
PuFvis Cre 7 ta3 Aromat / icus cum Opio, Aromatic 

powder of chalk with opium. Dose, 10-20 grs. ; 9 ij 

contain 1 gr. opium. 
PuFvis Cre'tse Compos / itus, Compound Chalk powder. 

For making chalk mixture. 
PuFvis Efferves'cens Compos / itus, Compound effer- 

vescing powder; seidlitz powder. 1-2 pairs of 

powders in §iv or more of water, flavored with 

syrup of ginger, etc. 
PuFvis GlycyrrhFzse Compos / itus, Compound powder 

of Liquorice. Dose, 30-60 grs. 



164 • SPIEITS. 

PuFvisIpecacuan'hseet O'pii, Powder of Ipecacuanha 

and Opium; Dover's Powder. Dose, 5-15 grs. 
PuFvis Jala'pse Compos'itus, Compound powder of 

Jalap. Dose, 30 grs.- g j. 
PuFvis KFno Compos / itus, Compound powder of 

Kino. Dose, 5 grs. -J) j. 
PuFvis MorphFnse Compos'itus, Compound powder 

of Morphine. Dose, 10 gas., containing J gr. Morph. 

Sulph. 
PuFvis O'pii Compos / itus, Compound powder of 

Opium. Dose, 10 grs. contain 1 gr. of opium. 
PuFvis Rhe'i Compos / itus, Compound powder of 

Ehubarb. Dose, 5 ss- g j . 
PuFvis Scammo'nii Compos / itus, Compound powder 

of Scammony. Dose, 10-20 grs. 
PuFvis Tragacan'thse Compos / itus, Compound powder 

of Tragacanth. Dose, 30 grs.-l£. 

33. RESFSLE.— Resins. 

Precipitated from alcoholic extracts. 1 • Eclectics ' \ 
give them the names of active principles of plants, as 
podophyllin, iridin, cimicifugin, etc. 
ResFna, Resin; Colophony. Used in plasters, etc. 
ResFna CopaFbse, Resin of Copaiba. Dose, 10-20 grs. 
ResFna Jala'pse, Resin of Jalap. Dose, in pill, 2-5 

grs. 
ResFna PodophyFli. Dose, -J-J gr. 
Resi / na Scammo / nii, Resin of Scammony. Dose, in 

emulsion or powder, 4-8 grs. 

34. SPIR'ITUS.— Spikits. 

Alcoholic solutions, of volatile principles. 
Spir'itus ^/theris; Spirit of Ether. Dose, ^j-^iij 

in water. 
Spir / itus JE'theris Compos / itus, Compound Spirit of 



SPIBITS. • 165 

Ether; Hoffman's Anodyne. Dose, ^ss-^ij in 

sweetened water. 
Spir / itus JE'theris Nitro'si, Spirit of Nitrous Ether. 

Dose, 3 ss-3 ij in water. 
Spir / itus Ammo / nise, Spirit of Ammonia. Dose, 10- 

30 drops in water. 
Spir'itus Ainmo'niae Aromat / icus, Aromatic Spirit of 

Ammonia. Dose, ^ss-^j in water. 
Spir / itus Anmu/niae Foet / idns, Fetid Spirit of Ammo- 
nia. Dose, gss- 3 j largely diluted. 
Spir / itus Anisi, Spirit of Anise. Dose, ^j-gij. 
Spir / itus Armora'ciae Compos / itus, Compound Spirit 

of Horseradish. Dose, gj-giv. 
Spir / itus Auran'tii, Spirit of Orange. Used for fla- 
voring. 
Spir / itus Cajupu'ti, Spirit of Cajuput. Dose, ^ss-^j. 
" Cam'phorae, Spirit of Camphor. Dose, 5 

drops to % j on sugar and water. 
Spir / itus Chlorofor'mi, Spirit of Chloroform. Dose, 

10-60 TT\,. 
Spir / itus Cinnamo / mi, Spirit of Cinnamon. Dose, 

10-20 drops. 
Spir / itus Frumen'ti, Whiskey. 

" Gaulthe / rise, Spirit of Gaultheria. Dose, 

10-20 Ti\,. 
Spir'itus Junip / eri, Spirit of Juniper. Dose, 30-60 n\,. 
" Compos'itus, Compound spirit of 

Juniper. Very similar to Holland gin. Dose, 

Spir'itus Lavan'dulse, Spirit of Lavender. Dose, 

Sot-Hi- 

Spir'itus Limo / nis, Spirit of Lemon. Used for fla- 
voring. 

Spir / itus Men-'thse Piperi'tse, Spirit of Peppermint. 
Dose, 10-20 n\,. 

Spir / itus Men'thse Vi'ridis, Spirit of Spearmint. 
Dose, 30-40 drops. 






166 o SYBUPS. 

Spir / itus Myr'cise, Spirit of Myrcia, Bay-rum. A 

perfume. 
Spir / itus Myris'ticse, Spirit of Nutmeg. Dose, gj. 
" Odora'tus, Perfumed spirit, Cologne water. 

A perfume. 
Spir'itus Eosmari / ni, Spirit of Rosemary. A perfume. 
Spir'itus Yi / ni GaFlici, Brandy. 

35. SUC'CL— Juices. 
Expressed juices, preserved by £ bulk of alcohol: — 
Suc / cus Coni / i, Juice of Hemlock. Dose, 3 ss. 

11 Hyoscy / ami, Juice of Hyoscyamus. Dose, 

3 s s-3J- 
Suc / cus Scopa'rii, Juice of Broom. Dose, 3 j -gij. 
' ' Tarax'aci, Juice of Dandelion. Dose, 3 ij- g ss. 

36. SUPPOSITO'RIA.— Suppositobies. 
Conical, cylindrical or spherical masses for intro- 
duction into the rectum. Generally medicated cacao 
butter: — 

Supposito'ria Ac'idi Tan / nici, Tannic acid Supposi- 
tories. 3 grs. in each — 5 would be better. 

Supposito / ria Hydrar'gyri, Mercurial Suppositories. 
5 grs. in each. 

Supposito / ria Morphiae, Morphia Suppositories. J gr. 
in each. 

Supposito / ria Plum'bi Compos'ita, Compound Lead 
Suppositories. Each 3 grs. Acetate of Lead and 
1 gr. Opium. 

37. SYRU'PL— Sybtjps. 
Medicated concentrated solutions of sugar: — 
Syru / pus, Syrup. Used in making pills, mixtures, etc. 
' ' Aca / cia3, Syrup of Gum Arabic. For pills, 
troches, etc. 



SYEUPS. 167 

Syru'pus Ac / idi Cit'rici, Syrup of Citric Acid. Agree- 
able addition to drinks, etc. 

Syru / pus Ac'idi Hydriod'ici, Syrup of Hydriodic 
Acid. Dose, 20-40 m,. 

Syru / pus AFlii, Syrup of Garlic. Dose, a teaspoonful. 
" Altha3 / a3, Syrup of Althaea. Dose, £j -^ss. 
" Amyg / dalse, Syrup of Almond, Syrup of 
Orgeat. Agreeable vehicle. 

Syru'pus Auran'tii, Syrup of Orange. Flavoring. 
k 4 " Flo / rum, Syrup of Orange flow- 

ers. Dose, gj. 

Syru / pus CaFcii Lactophospha'tis, Syrup of Lacto- 
phosphate of Calcium. Dose, £ ij -% iv. 

Syru / pus Cal'cis, Syrup of Lime. Dose, 30 drops in 
milk. 

Syru / pus Chlo'ral, Syrup of Chloral. Dose, g ij, con- 
taining 20 grs. 

Syru / pus Fer'ri Bro / midum, Syrup of Bromide of 
Iron. Dose, gss-£j, containing 4-8 grs. 

Syru / pus Fer'ri Iod / idi, Syrup of Iodide of Iron. 
Dose, 15-30 n\, containing If) per cent. 

Syru / pus Fer'ri Quini'nge et Strychni'nse Phospha 7 - 
tum, Syrup of the phosphates of Iron, Quinine and 
Strychnine. Dose, a teaspoonful, containing •£% gr. 
Strychnine. 

Syru'pus Hypophosphi / tum, Syrup of Hypophos- 
phites. Dose, g j - g ij . 

Syru / pus Hypophosphi'tum cum Fe / rro, Syrup of 
Hypophosphites with Iron. Dose, gj -3 ij. 

Syru / pus Fer'ri Phospha'tis, Syrup of Phosphate of 
Iron. Dose, gj-gij. 

Syru / pus Hemides / mi, Syrup of Hemidesmus, Syrup 
of Indian Sarsaparilla. Dose, ,3 j or more. 

Syru / pus Ipecacuan'hae, Syrup of Ipecac. Dose, as 
expectorant, gss-gj (child, 2-10 n^); as emetic, 
Sss-SJ (child, gss-gj). 






168 TINCTURES. 

Syru'pus Krame'riae, Syrup of Krameria. Dose, ^ ss 

(child of 1 year, 20-30 nr\,). 
Syru'pus Lactuca'rii, Syrup of Lactucarium. Dose, 

Syru'pus Limo'nis, Syrup of Lemon. A vehicle. 
" Mo'ri, Syrup of Mulberries. These and 

other fruit syrups used to flavor drinks. 
Syru'pus Papa'veris, Syrup of Poppies. Dose, 

gss-gj (child, ^ss-3j). 
Syru'pus Pi / cis Lig/uidse, Syrup of Tar. Dose, 

Syru'pus Pru / ni Virginia / nse, Syrup of Wild Cherry. 

Dose, gss. 
Syru'pus Rham'ni, Syrup of Buckthorn. Dose, £j. 
1 i Rhe'i, Syrup of Rhubarb. Dose for infant, g j . 
" " Aromat'icus, Aromatic Syrup of Rhu- 

barb. Dose, 3 j for infant. 
Syru'pus Rhoe'ados, Syrup of Red Poppy. Dose, gj. 
Syru / pus Ro / sse, Syrup of Rose. Dose, 3 j. 

" Ru'bi, Syrup of Rubus. Dose, ^j-^ij. 
" " Idsei, Syrup of Raspberry. Flavoring. 

c ' Sarsaparil'lse Compos 7 itus, Compound Syrup 
of Sarsaparilla. Dose, § ss. 
Syru / pus Scil'lse, Syrup of Squill. Dose, £j. 

" " Compos'itus, Compound Syrup of 

Squill. Dose, 20-30 drops. 

Syru'pus Sen'egae, Syrup of Senega. Dose, Jj-^iJ. 

u Sennas, Syrup of Senna. Dose, ^j-^iv 

(children, i - % the dose) . 

Syru'pus Toluta'nus, Syrup of Tolu. Flavoring. 

" ZingiVeris, Syrup of Ginger. Dose, 5J or 



38. TINCTU'R^E. — Tinctures. 
Alcoholic solutions prepared by maceration, diges- 
tion a or percolation: — 



TINCTUEES. 169 

Tinctu / ra Aconi'ti, Tincture of Aconite. Dose, 1-3 

drops. 
Tinctu / ra Al'oes, Tincture of Aloes. Dose as purga- 
tive, JJij-Jiv. 
Tinctu / ra Al'oes et Myr'rhse, Tincture of Aloes and 

Myrrh. Dose, 3J-3ij. 
Tinctu'ra Ar'nicse Flo / rum, Tincture of Arnica 

flowers. Used most externally. 
Tinctu / ra Ar'nicae Radi'cis, Tincture of Arnica Root. 

Dose, 20-30 TT\,. 
Tinctu / ra Assafoet / ida, Tincture of Asafoetida. Dose, 

3ss-3J. 
Tinctu'ra Auran / tii Ama / ri, Tincture of Bitter 

Orange Peel. Dose, 3 j- 3 ij . 
Tinctu'ra Auran / tii Dul / cis, Tincture of Sweet 

Orange Peel ; flavor. 
Tinctu / ra Auran'tii Recen'tis, Tincture of Fresh 

Orange Peel. Dose, 3J-31J. 
Tinctu / ra Belladon'nae, Tincture of Belladonna. Dose, 

15-30 drops. 
Tinctu / ra Benzoi / ni, Tincture of Benzoin. Dose, 20 

-30 drops. 
Tinctu / ra Benzoi / ni Compos'ita, Compound Tincture 

of Benzoin. Dose, 3 ss- 3 ij . 
Tinctu'ra Bu / chu, Tincture of Buchu. Dose, 3 j- 

3iv. 
Tinctu / ra Bryo'niae, Tincture of Bryonia. Dose, 3 j 

Tinctu / ra Calen / dula, Tincture of Calendula. Used 
externally. 

Tinctu / ra Calum'bae, Tincture of Calumba. Dose, 3 j 
- 3 iv. 

Tinctu / ra Can'nabis In'dicse, Tincture of Indian Can- 
nabis. Dose, 30 n\. 

Tinctu / ra Canthar / idis, Tincture of Cantharides. 
Dose, 3-10 drops. 



170 TINCTURES. 

Tinctu / ra Cap'sici, Tincture of Capsicum. Dose, 3 ss 

Tinctu'ra Cardarao / mi, Tincture of Cardamom. Dose, 

Zh 

Tinctu'ra Cardamo / mi Compos'ita, Compound Tinc- 
ture of Cardamom . Dose , 3 j - 5 ij . 

Tinctu / ra Cascaril'lse, Tincture of Cascarilla. Dose, 

Tinctu / ra Casto / rei, Tincture of Castor. Dose, 3 ss- 

Tinctu'ra Cat / echu Compos'ita, Compound Tincture 

of Catechu. Dose, 3 ss- g iij . 
Tinctu / ra Chira / ta3, Tincture of Chirata. Dose, gj- 

Tinetu'ra Chlorofor'mi Compos'ita, Compound Tinc- 
ture of Chloroform. Dose, 20-60 rr\, in water. 
Tinctu'ra Cimicif / uga3, Tincture of Cimicifuga. Dose, 

Tinctu'ra Cincho'nse, Tincture of Cinchona. Dose, 

Tinctu / ra Cincho'nse Compos'ita, Compound Tincture 

of Cinchona. Dose, gj-giv. 
Tinctu'ra Cinnamo'mi, Tincture of Cinnamon. Dose, 

Tinctu / ra Coc / ci, Tincture of Cochineal. Dose, 20- 

60 drops. 
Tinctu'ra Col'chiei, Tincture of Colchicum. Dose, 

Tinctu'ra Coni / i, Tincture of Conium. Dose, 30 r^. 
Tinctu'ra Cro'ci, Tincture of Saffron. Dose, ^j-^iij. 
Tinctu'ra Cube'ba, Tincture of Cubeb. Dose, ,5 j- 3 ij . 
Tinctu'ra Digitalis, Tincture of Digitalis. Dose, 10 

-20 drops. 3 j represents 8 grs. 
Tinctu'ra Ergo'tse, Tincture of Ergot. Dose, 3 ss-3 ij. 
Tinctu / ra Fer'ri Aceta / tis, Tincture of Acetate of 

Iron. Dose, 20-60 drops diluted. 



TINCTUEES. 171 

Tinctu/ra Fer / ri Chlo/ridi, Tincture of Chloride of 

Iron. Dose, 10-30 ir^. 
Tinctu^a Galeae, Tincture of Nutgall. Dose, 3 j- 

Tinctu / ra Gelsem^i, Tincture of Gelsemiuni. Dose, 

10-20 TT\,. 
Tinctu / ra Gentia / nse Compos / ita, Compound Tincture 

of Gentian. Dose, 5 j- 3 ij . 
Tinctu/ra Gua 7 iaci, Tincture of Guaiac. Dose, 3 j- 

3>iij- 

Tinctu/ra Gua/iaci Ammonia/ta, Ammoniated Tinc- 
ture of Guaiac. Dose, ^j-^ij. 
Tinctu/ra Hu/muli, Tincture of Hops. Dose, 3 j- 

Tinctu/ra Hydrastis, Tincture of Hydrastis. Dose, 

Tinctu/ra Hyoscy/ami, Tincture of Hyoscyamus. 

Dose, 3 j. 
Tinctu/ra Igna/tise, Tincture of Ignatia. Dose, 15- 

20 n\,. 
Tinctu/ra Io/di, Tincture of Iodine. Dose, 5-1 5 drops. 
Tinctu/ra Ipecacuanha et Opii, Tincture of Ipecac 

and Opium. Dose, 10 TT\,, representing 1 gr. each 

of Opium and Ipecac. 
Tinctu/ra Jala/pse, Tincture of Jalap. Dose, gj-^ij. 
Tinctu/ra Ki/no, Tincture of Kino. Dose, 3J-£>ij. 
Tinctu/ra Krame/riae, Tincture of Krameria. Dose, 

Tinctu/ra Lari/cis, Tincture of Larch. Dose, 20-30 

Tinctu/ra Lavandulae Compos/it a, Compound Tinc- 
ture of Lavender. Dose, 3 ss-gj. 
Tinctu/ra Limo/nis, Tincture of Lemon Peel. Dose, 

Tinctu 7 ra Lobe/lia3, Tincture of Lobelia. 



172 TINCTUBES. 

Tinctu'ra Lobe'liae iEthe'rea, Ethereal Tincture of 

Lobelia. Dose, g ss- g j . 
Tinctu'ra Mati'co, Tincture of Matico. Dose, gj. 
Tinctu'ra Mos / chi, Tincture of Musk. Dose, gss-gj. 
Tinctu / ra Myr'rhse, Tincture of Myrrh. Generally 

used externally or locally. 
Tinctu / ra Nu / cis Vom'icse, Tincture- of Nux Vomica. 

Dose, 20 n\,. 
Tinctu / ra / pii, Tincture of Opium; Laudanum. 

Dose, 11 tt\,, or 22 drops, = 1 gr. Opium. 
Tinctu'ra / pii Ammonia / ta, Ammoniated Tincture 

of Opium. Dose, g ss- g j . 
Tinctu / ra O'pii Camphora / ta, Camphorated Tincture 

of Opium; Paregoric elixir. Dose, gj-giv; infan- 
tile, 5-20 drops. 
Tinctu / ra O'pii Deodora / ta, Deodorized Tincture of 

Opium. Dose, same as Tinct. Opii. 
Tinctu / ra Physostig / matis, Tincture of Physostigma. 

Dose, 20-40 TT\,. 
Tinctu / ra Pyre / thri, Tincture of Pyrethrum. (Pelli- 

tory. ) Used externally. 
Tinctu'ra Quas'siae, Tincture of Quassia. Dose, gj. 
Tinctu / ra Qui'nise, Tincture of Quinia. Dose, g j = 

1 gr. Quinine. 
Tinctu / ra Rhe'i, Tincture of Rhubarb. Dose, gj- 

Zih 

' Tinctu'ra Rhe'i Aromat'ica, Aromatic Tincture of 
Rhubarb. Dose, g ss- g j . 
Tinctu'ra Rhe'i Dul / cis, Sweet Tincture of Rhubarb. 

Dose,gij-giij. 
Tinctu / ra Sabi'nse, Tincture of Savin. Dose, 20-60 

Tinctu'ra Sanguina'ria, Tincture of Sangumaria. 

Dose, 30-60 drops. 
Tinctu'ra Sapo'nis Vir'idis, Tincture of Green Soap. 

Used externally. 



TEOCHES OE LOZENGES. 173 

Tinctu'ra Scil'las, Tincture of Squill. Dose, 10-20^. 
Tinctu / ra Sen'egae, Tincture of Senega. Dose, 3 ss- 

Tinctu'ra Sen'nse, Tincture of Senna. Dose, 5 ij- ^ j. 
Tinctu / ra Serpenta'rise, Tincture of Serpentaria. 

Dose, gj-giv. 
Tinctu'ra Stramo'nii, Tincture of Stramonium. Dose, 

20-30 n^. 
Tinctu / ra Sum / bul, Tincture of Sumbul. Dose, 20- 

60TTL. 
Tinctu'ra Toluta'na, Tincture of Tolu. Dose, 3 j- 

Tinctu / ra Valerianae, Tincture of Valerian. Dose, 

Tinctu / ra Valerianae Ammonia 7 ta, Ammoniated Tinc- 
ture of Valerian. Dose, 30-60 TT\,. 

Tinctu'ra VaniFla, Tincture of Vanilla; flavoring. 

Tinctu'ra Vera'tri Vir / idis, Tincture of Veratrum 
Viride. Dose, 3-8 TT\,. 

Tinctu'ra Zingib'eris, Tincture of Ginger. Dose, 
8-40 T^. 

Tinctu'ra Zingib'eris For'tior, Strong Tincture of 
Ginger. Dose, 5-20 tt\,. 

39. TRITURATKyNES.— Teitueations. 
These are made by thoroughly triturating, in a 
mortar, ten parts of a desired medicinal substance with 
ninety parts of sugar of milk. It is a convenient 
mode of carrying medicines in a pocket case. 

40. TROCHIS'CL— Teoches oe Lozenges. 

Small solid masses, usually of powders incorpo- 
rated with sugar and mucilage: — 
Trochis'ci Ac'idi Tan / nici, Troches of Tannic Acid; 

1 gr. Tannin each. 



174 OINTMENTS. 

Trochis'ci Ammo'nii Chlo'ridi, Troches of Chloride 

of Ammonium; 2 grs. in each. 
TrocmVei Bismu'thi, Troches of Bismuth; 2 grs. in 

each. 
Trochis'ci Cat / echu, Troches of Catechu; 1 gr. 
' ' Cre'tse, Troches of Chalk ; 4 grs. 
" Cube / bse, Troches of Cubeb; Jgr. oleoresin. 
" Fer / ri, Troches of Iron; 5 grs. oxide. 
u " Kedac'ti, Eeduced Iron Lozenges; 

lgr. 
1 L Glycyrrhi'zse et / pii, Troches of Liquorice 
and Iron; ■£$ gr. extract opium. 
Trochis'ci Ipecacuan'hse, Troches of Ipecac; J gr. 

Ipecac. 
Troehis'ci Krame'rise, Troches of Krameria; 1 gr. 
Magne'sise, Troches of Magnesia; 3 grs. 
1 l Men'thae Piperi'tse, Troches of Peppermint. 
Mor / phia3, Morphia Lozenges; ^ gr. 
Morphi'nse et Ipecacuan'hse, Troches of 
Morphine and Ipecac; ? V morphine salt and y 1 ^ gr« 
Ipecac. 
Trochis'ci Potas / sii Chlora'tis, Troches of Chlorate 

of Potassium; 5 grs. 
TrocmVei So / dii Bicarbona'tis, Troches of Bicarbo- 
nate of Soda; 3 grs. 
Trochis / ciSo / dii Santonina'tis, Troches of Santoninate 

of Sodium; 1 gr. 
Trochis / ci Santoni'ni, Troches of Santonin; J gr. 

Santonin. 
Trochis'ci ZingiVeris, Troches of Ginger; 2rr^ tinc- 
ture. 

41. UNGUENT A.— Ointments. 

Softer than cerates; used for inunction of skin: — 
Unguen'tum, Ointment, Simple ointment. 
u Ac / idi Carbo'lici; 10 per cent. 



OINTMENTS. 



175 



Unguen'tum, Ac'idi Gal'lici; 10 per cent. 
" Tan'nici; 10 per cent. 
Aconi'tise. Must not be applied to 
abraded skin. 

Antinio / nii Tartara'ti. For vesication. 

Aq'use Ro'sae. Cosmetic. 

Atro'piae. Used cautiously. 

Belladon'nse; 10 per cent. 

Cad / mii Iod / idi. 

Cantbar / idis. Dressing for blisters. 

Ceta / cei. Mild dressing. 

Chrysarobi'ni. Used in skin diseases. 

Creaso / ti. 

DiacVylon. Used in eczema, etc. 

El'emi. Gentle stimulant. 

Gal / lse. Used in piles, etc. 
" cum O'pio. 

Hydrar / gyrum. Mercurial ointment, 
Blue ointment. 

Hydrar / gyri Ammonia / ti. In cutane- 
ous eruptions. 

Hydrar'gyri Compos'itum. 

" Io'didi Ku'bri. To indo- 

lent ulcers. 

Hydrar / gyri Nitra / tis. Citrine ointment. 
" Ox'idi Fla'vi. Used in 

conjunctivitis, etc. 

Hydrar / gyri Ox / idi Ru / bri. Stimu- 
lating. 

Hydrar / gyri Subchlo'ridi. Calomel oint- 
ment. 

Io'di. Iodine ointment. 

Iodofor / mi. Odor corrected by volatile 
oil. 

Meze / rei. Stimulant. 

Pi / cis Liq'uidse. Tar ointment. 



176 



MEDICATED WINES. 



Unguen / tum Plum'bi Aceta'tis. 

1 1 Carbona'tis. 

" Iod'idi. 

" Subaceta / tis Compos'itum. 
Potas'sse Sulphura'tae. In scabies. 
Potas / sii Iod'idi. 
Resi'Dse. 



Sabi'nse. 

Stramo'nii. 

Sulphu'ris. 



Anodyne. 
In scabies. 
Alkali / num. 
< l Iod / idi. In chronic cutane- 

ous eruptions. 
Terebin'thinse. In burns. 
Veratri'nae. Used cautiously. 
Zin'ci Ox / idi. Mild astringent. 



42. VFNA MEDICA'TA.— Medicated Wines. 
Vi'num AKoes. Dose, 5J~3 SS - 

" Antimo'nii. Dose, expectorant or diapho- 
retic, 10-30 drops repeated; emetic for children, 
3ss-3j. 
Vi / num Aromat'icum. Dose, used externally. 
1 1 : Col'chici Radi'cis. Dose, 10 ttV- 5 j . 
" " Sem / inis. Dose, ^ss-^ij. 

" Ergo'tse. Dose, sjj-^iv. 
1 1 Fer'ri Ama / rum. Dose, 3 ij - 3 iij . 
" Fer / ri. Dose, gj-giv. ~ 
" " Citratis. Dose, 5fj. 

" Ipecacuan / ha3. Dose, emetic, gj (child 1 
year old, gj); expectorant, diaphoretic, 10-30 n\,. 
Vi / num / pii. Dose, 15-20 drops. 
" Qui / nia3. Dose, §ss-gj. 
" Rhe'i. Dose, gj-giv. 



'.": 



Iron, 



is -and 



178 INCOMPATIBLES. 

oxides of. Oxides generally. Silver, nitrate of. 
Sulphurets. 

Acidum Mueiaticum. — Alkalies. Carbonates. Earths. 
Lead, salts of. Mercury, salts of. Oxides. Potas- 
sium, sulphate and tartrate of. Silver, salts of. 

Acidum Niteicum. — Alcohol. Alkalies. Carbonates. 
Earths. Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Oils, 
essential. Oxides. Potassium, acetate of. Sul- 
phurets. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Acidum Niteomueiaticum. — Alkalies. Earths. Ox- 
ides. Sulphurets. 

Acidum Oxalicum. — Lime, salts of. 

Acidum Phosphoeicum. — Barium, soluble salts of. 
Calcium, soluble salts of. Lead, soluble salts of. 

Acidum Sulphueicum. — Alcohol. Alkalies. Bari- 
um, chloride of. Calcium, chloride of. Carbonates. 
Chlorohydrates. Earths. Nitrates. Oils, essential. 
Organic substances. Oxides. Sulphydrates. Sul- 
phurets. Vegetable astringent infusions. 

Acidum Tannicum.— Albumen. Alkalies. Antimony 
and potassium, tartrate of. Earths, alkaline. Car- 
bonates. Ferric salts. Gelatin. Lead, acetate of. 
Vegetable alkaloids. 

Acidum Taetaeicum. — Alkalies. Carbonates, alka- 
line and earthy. Earths. Lead, salts of. Lime, 
salts of. Lime-water. Mercury, salts of. Potas- 
sium, salts of. Vegetable astringents. 

Adeps. — Alcoholic preparations. Decoctions. Infu- 
sions. Tinctures. 

Aloe. — Mercury, nitrate of. Silver, nitrate of. Tin, 
protochloride of. 

Alumen. — Alkalies. Alkaline salts. Ammonium, 
carbonate and chloride of. Galla. Kino. Lead, 
acetate of. Lime. Magnesia. Magnesium, carbon- 
ate of. Mercury, salts of. Potassium, carbonate 
of. Sodium, carbonate of. 



INCOMPATTBLES. 179 

Ammonii Carbon as. — Acids. Alkalies, fixed. Alum. 
Carbonates, alkaline. Iron, salts of, except the 
potassio- tartrate. Lead, salts of. Lime. Lime, 
chloride of. Liquor potassse. Magnesia. Magnesium, 
sulphate of. Mercury, acetate, chloride and bi- 
chloride of. Potassa. Potassium, bitartrate and 
bisulphate of. Salts, acidulous. Sulphur. Zinc, 
sulphate of. 

Ammonii Chloridum. — Acid, nitric. Acid, sul- 
phuric. Alkalies, fixed. Carbonates, alkaline. Iron, 
sulphate of. Lead, salts of. Lime. Liquor potassse. 
Magnesia. Magnesium, sulphate of. Potassa. Po- 
tassium, carbonate of. Salts, metallic. Silver, 
salts of. Soda. Sodium, carbonate of. Zinc, sul- 
phate of. 

Amylum. — Iodine and its preparations. 

Angustura. — Acids, mineral. Antimony and potas- 
sium, tartrate of. Cinchona, infusion of. Copper, 
sulphate of. Galls, infusion of. Iron, sulphate of. 
Lead, acetate of. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. 
Potassa. Silver, nitrate of. (In infusion. ) Catechu, 
infusion of. Galls, infusion of. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Anthemis. — Cinchona, infusion of. Gelatin. Iron, 
preparations of. Isinglass, solution of. Lead, salts 
of. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. Silver, nitrate 
of. 

Antimonti et Potassii Tartras. — Acids, mineral. 
Alkalies. Calcium, chloride of. Carbonates, alka- 
line and earthy. Decoctions, bitter. Earths. In- 
fusions, bitter. Lead, salts of. Lime-water. 
Metals. Soaps. Sulphydrates. Sulphurets. 

Antimonii Stjlphuretum. — Acid, nitric. Acid, 
nitromuriatic. 

Aqua Ammonia. — Acids. Alum. Salts, metallic. 

Argenti Nitras. — Acetates. Acids, arsenious. 
Acid, muriatic, and salts. Acid, sulphuric, and 



180 INCOMPATIBLES. 

salts. Acid, tartaric, and salts. Alkalies, fixed. 
Bromid.es. Chlorides. Copper, solutions of salts of. 
Earths, alkaline. Iodides. Lime. Phosphates. 
Sulphydrates. Soaps. Sulphurets. Vegetable as- 
tringent infusions. Water, common . 

Aemoeacia. — Carbonates, alkaline. Cinchona, infu- 
sion of. Galls, infusion of. Mercury, corrosive chlo- 
ride of. Silver, nitrate of. Vegetable astringents. 

Aenica. — Acids, mineral. Iron, sulphate of. Lead, 
acetate of. Zinc, sulphate of. I 

Aueantii Coetex. — Cinchona, infusion of. Iron, 
sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. 

Auei Chloeidtjm. — Alkalies. Vegetable juices. 

Balsama (Copaiya, Toltj, etc.)— Acids. Alkalies. 

Baeii Chloeidtjm.— Carbonates. Nitrates. Phos- 
phates. Sulphates. 

Belladonna. — Acid, tanic. Vegetable astringents. 

Benzoinum. — Acids. Alkalies. 

Buohtj. —Galls, infusion of. Iron, sulphate of. 

Calcii Caebonas. — Acids. Alum. Ammonium, 
chloride of. Salts, acidulous. 

Caltjmba. — Acids, mineral. Ammonia. Galls, in- 
fusion of. Iron, chloride of. Lead, acetate of. 
Lime-water. (In infusion.) Antimony and potas- 
sium, tartrate of. Cinchona, infusion of. Mer- 
cury, corrosive chloride of. Silver, nitrate of. 

Calx Chloeinata. —Acid, nitric. Acid, sulphuric. 
Alkalies, fixed. Carbonates, alkaline. Sodium, 
borate of. Sulphates. 

Capsicum. — Alum. Ammonia. Carbonates, alka- 
line. Copper, sulphate of. Galls, infusion of. 
Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Mercury, 
corrosive chloride, and nitrate of. Potassium, car- 
bonate of. Silver, nitrate of. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Caedamomum. — Acids. Iron, sulphate of. Mer- 
cury, corrosive chloride of. 



INCOMPATIBLES. 181 

Caryophyllus. — Cinchona. Antimony and potas- 
sium, tartrate of. Iron, sulphate of. Lead, ace- 
tate of. Lime-water. Silver, nitrate of. Zinc, 
sulphate of. 

Cascaeilla.— Same as the preceding. 

Catechu.— Acid, muriatic. Acid, sulphydric. Albu- 
men. Alkalies. Baryta, solutions of. Calcium, 
salts of. Gelatin. Lime-water. Salts, alkaline 
and metallic. (Also in infusion. ) Acids, mineral. 
Antimony and potassium, tartrate of. Cinchona, 
infusion of. Iron, sulphate of. Isinglass solution. 
Mercury, corrosive chloride of. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Chloral Hydrate. — Alkalies. 

Cinchona. — Acids, mineral. Alkalies. Antimony 
and potassium, tartrate of. Carbonates, alkaline. 
Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. 
Magnesia. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. Rhu- 
barb, infusion of. Silver, nitrate of. Vegetable 
bitters, infusion of. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Coccus. — Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Zinc, 
sulphate of. 

Colchicum. — Acids. 

Colocynthis. — Alkalies, fixed. Iron, sulphate of. 
Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. Mercury, corrosive 
chloride of. Silver, nitrate of. 

Conium. — Acid, tannic. Alkalies. Vegetable acids. 

Copaiva. — Acids, mineral. 

Creta Pr^eparata. — Acids. Alum. Ammonium, 
chloride of. Salts, acidulous. 

Cupri Sulphas. — Alkalies. Ammonium, acetate 
of. Calcium, chloride of. Carbonates, alkaline 
and earthy. Iron, acetate of. Lead, acetate of. 
Lime-water. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. Po- 
tassium, arsenite and tartrate of. Silver, nitrate 
of. Sodium, borate of. Vegetable astringent in- 
fusions, and tinctures. 



182 INCOMPATIBLES. 

Cupeum Ammoniatum. — Acids. Alkalies, fixed. 
Lime-water. 

Digitalis. — Acid, tannic. Cinchona, infusion of. 
Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Vegetable 
astringents. 

Feeei Chloeidum. — Alkalies. Carbonates, alka- 
line. Calcium, carbonate of. Gum, solutions of. 
Lime-water. Magnesium, carbonate of. Vege- 
table astringents. 

Feeei Iodidum. — Alkalies, fixed. Lime-water. 
Vegetable astringents. 

Feeei et Potassii Taeteas. — Acids. Lime-water. 
Potassium, sulphydrate of. Sulphur. Vegetable 
astringent infusions. 

Feeei Subcaebonas. — Acids and their salts. 

Feeei Sulphas. — Acid, nitric. Alkalies. Ammo- 
nium, acetate of. Ammonium, chloride of. Barium, 
chloride of. Calcium, chloride of. Carbonates, 
alkaline. Earths. Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. 
Potassium, iodide and nitrate of. Potassium and 
sodium, tartrate of. Salts, with base forming in- 
soluble sulphates. Silver, nitrate of. Soap. Sodium, 
borate of. Tannic acid. Vegetable alkaloids. Vege- 
table astringent infusions. 

Feeeum Ammoniatum. — Acids. Alkalies. Car- 
bonates, alkaline. Lime-water. Vegetable astrin- 
gents. 

Galla. — Acid, muriatic. Acid, sulphuric. Alka- 
lies. Antimony and potassium, tartrate of. Bis- 
muth, salts of. Carbonates, alkaline. Cinchona, 
infusion of. Copper, sulphate of. Gelatin. Iron, 
salts of. Isinglass, solution of. Lead, salts of. 
Lime-water. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. Mer- 
cury, nitrate of. Opium, solution of. Salts, gen- 
erally. Silver, nitrate of. Zinc, salts of. Vege- 
table alkaloids. 



INCOMPATIBLES. 183 

GUAIACUM. — Acids, mineral. Chlorine, solution of. 
Salts, earthy and metallic. Spirit of nitrous 
ether. 

Gentian A. — Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. 

Hjematoxylon. — Acid, acetic. Acids, mineral. 
Alum. Antimony and potassium, tartrate of. Cin- 
chona, infusion of. Copper, sulphate of. Iron, 
sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Opium. 

Humulus. — Acids, mineral. Iron, salts of. Lead, 
salts of. Mercury, salts of. Silver, salts of. 

Hydeaegyei Chloeidum Coeeosivum. — Albumen. 
Alkalies, fixed. Almond mixture. Ammonia. 
Antimony and potassium, tartrate of. Bismuth. 
Calcium, carbonate of. Carbonates, alkaline. Copper, 
salts of. Gelatin. Gluten. Hydrosulphates. Infusions 
of chamomile, cinchona, columbo, horseradish, oak 
bark, senna, simaruba and tea Iron, salts of. Lead, 
salts of. Lime-water. Mercury. Milk. Oils. Po- 
tassium, bromide and iodide of. Potassium, sul- 
phate and sulphuret of. Sarsaparilla. Silver, 
nitrate of. Soap. Sodium, bromide, iodide and 
sulphate of. Sulphur. Sulphurets. Vegetable 
astringents. Zinc, salts of. 

Hydeaegyei Chloeidum Mite. — Acids, mineral. 
Alkalies. Antimony, golden sulphuret of. Carbon- 
ates, alkaline. Chlorides. Chlorine. Copper, salts 
of. Iron, salts of. Lead, salts of. Lime-water. 
Potassium, iodide and sulphuret of. Soaps. 

Hydeaegyei Iodidum. — Acids, mineral. Iodides. 
Potassium, chloride of. Sodium, chloride of. 

Hydeaegyei Oxidum Nigeum. — Acids. 

Hydeaegyei Oxidum Rubeum. — Acids. 

Hydeaegyeum Ammoniatum. — Acids. Alkalies, 
fixed. Tin, protochloride of. 

Hydeaegyeum cum Ceeta. — Acids and their salts. 
Alum. 



184 INCOMPATIBLES. 

Hydeogen, Peeoxide of. — Acid, hydrocyanic. Al- 
kalies, citrates and tartrates of. Chlorides. Iron, 
salts of. Nitrates. Tartrates. Vegetable tinc- 
tures. 

Hyoscyamus. — Acids, vegetable. Iron, sulphate of. 
Lead, acetate of. Silver, nitrate of. Vegetable 
astringents. 

Infusum Lini. — Alcohol. Lead, acetate of. 

Iodinium. — Alkalies. Earths, alkaline. Starch. 

Ipecacuanha. — Acids, vegetable. Lead, acetate of. 
Vegetable astringents. 

Kino. — Same as Galla. 

Keameeia. — Same as Galla. 

Lavandula. — Iron, sulphate of. 

Limonis Coetex. — Acid, nitric. Acid, oxalic. Acid, 
sulphuric. Acid, tartaric. Lime-water. 

Liquoe AmmoniiAcetatis. — Acids. Alkalies. Alum. 
Copper, sulphate of. Iron, sulphate of. Lime-water. 
Lead, acetate of. Magnesium, sulphate of. Mer- 
cury, corrosive chloride of. Silver, nitrate of. Zinc, 
sulphate of. 

Liquoe Aesenici et Hydeaegyei Iodidi. — Mor- 
phia, acetate, muriate and sulphate of. Opium, 
tincture of. 

Liquoe Calcis. — Acids. Ammonium, chloride of. 
Alum. Borates. Carbonates, alkaline. Citrates. 
Iron, sulphate of. Magnesium, sulphate of. Mer- 
cury, chlorides of. Salts, alkaline and metallic. 
Silver, nitrate of. Soap. Sulphur. Tartrates. 
Tinctures. Vegetable astringent infusions. Zinc, 
sulphate of. 

Liquoe Plumbi Subacetatis. — Alkalies. Carbon- 
ates, alkaline. Mucilages. Soap liniment. Sul- 
phates, alkaline. Sulphur ets of alkaline metals. 
Water, undistilled. 

Liquoe Potass^:. — Acids. Ammonium, acetate, 



INCOMPATIBLES. 185 

carbonate and chloride of. Mercury, chlorides of. 
Salts, metallic. 

Liquor Potassii Aesenitis. — Acids, mineral. Alum. 
Calcium, salts of. Cinchona, infusion of. Copper, salts 
of. Hydrosulphates. Iron, salts of. Lime-water. Mag- 
nesium, sulphate of. Salts, acidulous. Silver, nitrate 
of. Sulphurets. Vegetable astringents. 

Lupulina. — Iron. Mercury, salts of. Platinum, 
salts of. Tin, salts of. 

Magnesia. — Acids. Ammonium, chloride of. Salts, 
acidulous and metallic. 

Magnesii Caebonas. — Acids. Alkalies. Alum. 
Ammonium, chloride of. Copper, sulphate of. 
Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. 
Mercury, acetate and corrosive chloride of. Potas- 
sium, bitartrate of. Salts, acidulous and neutral. 
Silver, nitrate of. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Magnesii Sulphas. — Alkalies. Ammonium, chlo- 
ride of. Barium, chloride of. Calcium, chloride of. 
Carbonates, alkaline. Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. 
Silver, nitrate of. 

Mentha. — Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Silver, 
nitrate of. 

Moephia. — Oxides, metallic. 

Moephia, Salts of. — Alkalies. Ammonia. Carbon- 
ates, alkaline. Decoctions and infusions of vegetable 
astringents. Lead, acetate of. Lime. Magnesia. 
Silver, nitrate of. 

Moschus. — Acids, mineral. Cinchona, infusion of. 
Iron, sulphate of. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. 
Silver, nitrate of. 

Mucilago. — Alcohol. Ammonia. Acids, strong. 
Ether, compound spirit of. Iron, tincture of chlo- 
ride of. Salts, metallic. 

Oleum Amygdalae. — Acids. Mercury, corrosive 
chloride of. 



186 INCOMPATIBLES. 

Opium. — Alkalies. Carbonates, alkaline. Catechu. 
Cinchona. Copper, salts of. Galls. Iron, salts of. 
Kino. Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. Mercury, 
corrosive chloride of. (In infusion, etc.) Ammonia. 
Carbonates, alkaline. Copper, sulphate of. Galls, 
infusion of. Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. 
Mercury, corrosive chloride of. Silver, nitrate of. 
Zinc, sulphate of. 

Oxymel. — Poppies, syrup of. Potassium, bisulphate, 
bitartrate and tartrate of. Kesins. Squills, syrup 
of. Water, hard. 

Pimenta. — Alum. Ammonia. Carbonates, alkaline. 
Cinchona, infusion of. Copper, salts of. Iron, 
nitrate and sulphate of. Silver, salts of. Zinc, salts 
of. Vegetable astringents. 

Pipee. — Galls, infusion of. 

Pltjmbi Acetas. — Acids. Alkalies. Alum. Am- 
monium, solution of acetate of. Antimony and 
potassium, tartrate of. Carbonates, alkaline. Chlo- 
rides. Earths. Chlorohydrates. Iron, ammoni- 
ated. Iron and potassium, tartrate of. Lime- 
water. Milk. Opium, infusion of. Soaps. Sodium, 
borate of. Sulphates. Sulphurets. Tartrates. 
Vegetable astringents. Water, common. 

Potassa. — Acids. Ammonium, salts of. Salts, 
acidulous, earthy, and metallic. 

Potassii Acetas. — Fruits, acid. Acids, mineral. 
Ammonium, chloride of. Calcium, carbonate of. 
Magnesium, sulphate of. Mercury, corrosive chlo- 
ride of. Potassium, tartrate of. Salts, acid, alka- 
line, and metallic, except acetates. Sodium, sul- 
phate of. Tamarinds. 

Potassii Bicabbonas. — Acids. Alum. Ammo- 
nium, salts of. Antimony and potassium, tartrate 
of. Calcium, carbonate and chloride of. Copper, 
acetate and sulphate of. Iron, chloride and sul- 



INCOMPATIBLES. 187 

phate of. Iron and potassium, tartrate of. Lead, 
acetate of. Lime-water. Magnesium, sulphate of. 
Mercury, corrosive chloride of. Mercury, mild 
chloride of. Salts, acidulous and metallic. Silver, 
nitrate of. Sodium, borate of. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Potassii Bitaeteas. — Acids, mineral. Alkalies. 
Earths, alkaline. Lime-water. 

Potassii Bbomidum. — Lead, salts of. Mercury, 
salts of. Salts, acid and acidulous, except bitar- 
trate of potassium. Silver, salts of. 

Potassii Cabbonas.— See Potassii bicarbonas. 

Potassii Cite as. — Acids, mineral. Calcium, salts 
of. Lead, salts of. Silver, salts of. 

Potassii Iodidum. — Acids. Lead, acetate of. Mer- 
cury, corrosive chloride of. Salts, acidulous, ex- 
cept bitartrate of potassium. Salts, metallic. 

Potassii Niteas.— Acid, sulphuric. Acid, tartaric. 
Alum. Salts, metallic. 

Potassii Sulphas. — Acid, muriatic. Acid, nitric. 
Acid, tartaric. Calcium, compounds of. Lead, 
salts of. Mercury, salts of. Silver, nitrate of. 

Potassii Sulphubetum — Acids. Salts, acidulous. 
Earths, metallic. 

Potassii Taeteas. — Acids. Acid fruits. Ammo- 
nium, chloride of. Barium, chloride of. Calcium, 
chloride of. Lead, acetate of. Lime. Magnesia. 
Magnesium, sulphate of. Potassium, sulphate of. 
Salts, acidulous. Silver, nitrate of. Sodium, sul- 
phate of. Tamarinds. Vegetables, acid. 

Quassia. — Lead, acetate of. Silver, nitrate of. 

Queecus. — Alkalies. Carbonates, alkaline. Cin- 
chona, infusion of. Iron, salts of. Isinglass, solu- 
tion of. Lead, acetates of. Lime-water. Mercury, 
corrosive chloride of. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Quinle Sulphas.— Alkalies. Astringent solutions. 
Carbonates, alkaline. Earths, alkaline. Infusion 



188 INCOMPATTBLES. 

of galls, and of orange-peel, compound. Infusion 
of roses. Lead, salts of. .Lime-water. Potassium, 
tartrate of. Silver, nitrate of. Tincture of cinchona. 

Rheum. — Acids, mineral. Antimony and potassium, 
tartrate of. Infusions of angustura, catechu, cin- 
chona, or galls. Iron, sulphate of. Isinglass. 
Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. Mercury, corro- 
sive chloride of. Silver, nitrate of. Zinc, sul- 
phate of. 

Rosa Gallica.— Alkalies. Earths. Gelatin. Iron, 
sulphate of. Lime-water. Zinc, sulphate of. 

Salix. — Carbonates, alkaline. Gelatin. Iron, sul- 
phate of. Isinglass solution. Lime-water. Zinc, 
sulphate of. 

Salvia.— Iron, salts of. 

Sapo. — Acids. Alum. Antimony and potassium, 
tartrate of. Calcium, chloride and sulphate of. 
Copper, ammoniated. Copper, sulphate of. Earths. 
Iron, ammoniated. Iron and potassium, tartrate 
of. Iron, sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. Lime- 
water. Magnesium, sulphate of. Mercury, ace- 
tate, corrosive chloride, and mild chloride of. Salts, 
acidulous and metallic. Silver, nitrate of. Vege- 
table astringent infusions. Water, hard. Zinc, 
sulphate of. 

Saesapaeilla. — Galls, infusion of. Lead, acetate 
■ of. Lime-water. Mercury, nitrate of. 

SCAMMONIUM. — Acids. 

Scilla. — Carbonates, alkaline. Gelatin. Lead, ace- 
tate of. Lime-water. Silver, nitrate of. 

Senna. — Acids, mineral . Antimony and potassium, 
tartrate of. Carbonates, alkaline. Cinchona, in- 
fusion of. Lead, acetate of. Lime-water. Mer- 
cury, corrosive chloride of. Silver, nitrate of. 

Seepentaeia. (In Infusion.) — Acids, mineral. 
Alkaline carbonates. Antimony and potassium, 



INCOMPATIBLES. 189 

tartrate of. Cinchona, infusion of. Lead, acetate 
of. Lime-water. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. 
Silver, nitrate of. 

Sodii Acetas. — Acids, mineral. Calcium, carbo- 
nate of. 

Sodii Bicaebonas. — See Potassii Bicarbonas. 

Sodii Boeas. — Acids. Ammonium, chloride and 
sulphate of. Chlorohydrates, earthy. Potassa. 
Sulphates, earthy. 

Sodii Caebonas. — See Potassii Carbonas. 

Sodii Phosphas. — Acids, mineral. Alum. Calcium, 
carbonate of. Salts, with earthy base. 

Sodii et Potassii Taeteas. — Acids. Ammonium, 
chloride of. Barium, salts of. Calcium, salts of. 
Lead, salts of. Magnesium, sulphate of. Potas- 
sium, sulphate of. Salts, acidulous, except bitar- 
trate of potassium. Silver, nitrate of. Soda, sul- 
phate of. Tamarinds. 

Sodii Sulphas. — Acid, muriatic. Acid, nitric. 
Acid, sulphuric. Barium, chloride of. Lead, salts 
of. Lime. Magnesia. Potassium, acetate and 
carbonate of. Silver, salts of. 

Spieitus iETHEBis Niteosi — Carbonates, alkaline 
and earthy. Guaiacum, tincture of. Iron, sul- 
phate of. 

Spieitus Ammonia Aeomaticus. — Acids. Lime- 
water. Salts, earthy and metallic. Salts, with 
excess of acids. 

Steamonium. — Acids, mineral. Iron, salts of. Lead, 
salts of. Mercury, salts of. Silver, salts of. 

Tamaeindus. — Antimony and potassium, tartrate of. 
Carbonates, alkaline. Lime-water. Potassium, 
salts of. Senna, infusion of. Sodium, salts of. 

Taeaxacum. — Galls, infusion of. Iron, sulphates of. 
Lead, acetate of. Mercury, corrosive chloride of. 
Silver, nitrate of. 



190 INCOMPATIBLES. 

Tinctuea Feeei Chloeidi. — Alkalies. Astringents. 
Carbonates, alkaline. Lime-water. Magnesia. Mu- 
cilage. Vegetable astringent infusions. 

Tinctuea Opii. — Ammonia, solution of. Potassa 
and carbonates. Salts, metallic. Soda and carbon- 
ates. Vegetable astringent infusions and decoc- 
• tions. 

Teagacantha. — Alcohol. Copper, sulphate of. Iron, 
sulphate of. Lead, acetate of. 

XJva Uesi. — Alkalies. Antimony and potassium, 
tartrate of. , Gelatin. Infusion of cinchona. Ipe- 
cacuanha. Iron, salts of. Lead, salts of. Opium. 
Silver, nitrate of. 

Valeeiana. — Cinchona, infusion of. Iron, salts of. 
Silver, nitrate of. 

Zinci Oxidum. — Acids. Alkalies. Salts, acidulous. 

Zinci Sulphas. — Alkalies. Carbonates, alkaline. 
Earths. Lime-water. Milk. Sulphydrates. Sul- 
phurets. Mucilage. Vegetable astringent infu- 



VII. 
HINTS ON PRESCRIPTION-WRITING 



I. When the quantity of a material is mentioned, 
its name must be put in the genitive case. 

With few exceptions, words ending in a form the 
genitive by se ; those ending in as, by changing to 
atis ; in e, en, er, or, or ur, by adding s or is ; in is, by 
changing to idis ; in o, by changing to onis ; in on, by 
changing to i ; in um and us, changing to i; and in x, 
by changing to cis. 

Adjectives or participles agree with their nouns in 
gender, number and case. 

II. Terms indicating the quantity are invariably in 
the accusative, governed by the active verb recipe — 
"take." 

III. Terms indicating when the medicine is to be 
taken must be in the ablative case. 

IV. Nouns or adjectives showing how long a process 
is continued must be in the accusative, usually gov- 
erned by per — ' i for. ' J 



191 



VIII. 
TABLE OF POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 



In all cases of poisoning, the first step is to evacuate 
the stomach, which should be effected by one of those 
emetics which is most powerful and speedy in its oper- 
ation, as sulphate of zinc or sulphate of copper. When 
vomiting has already taken place, copious draughts 
of warm water or mucilaginous drinks should be given, 
to keep up the effect till the poisoning substance has 
been evacuated. If vomiting cannot be produced, the 
stomach-pump must be used. 

Inflammation of the stomach, congestion of the 
brain, and other symptoms, are to be treated on gen- 
eral principles ; viz. , by bloodletting, cold applications, 
revulsives, cool mucilaginous drinks, lime-water, etc. 
When prostration exists, stimulants should be resorted 
to, as in other cases. 

The following is a list of the usual poisoning sub- 
stances, with the appropriate remedies: — 

Poisons. Antidotes. 

Acids. The Alkalies. Common soap (soft 

or hard) in solution is an effi- 
cient remedy, and has the advan- 
tage of being always at hand. 
It should be followed by copious 
draughts of tepid water or flax- 
seed tea. For nitric and oxalic 
192 



POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 



193 



Poisons. 



Antidotes. — (Continued. ) 



Alkalies and their 
salts. 



Earths. 
Baryta and its 

salts. 
Lime. 

Iodine. 

Iodide of Potas- 
sium. 



Antimony and its 
salts. 

Arsenic and its 
compounds. 



13 



acids, the carbonates of magne- 
sia and lime (chalk and water) 
are the best antidotes. When 
sulphuric acid has been taken, 
the use of much water will be 
improper. 

The Vegetable acids. Common 
vinegar, being always at hand, 
is most frequently used. The 
fixed oils, as castor, flaxseed, 
almond and olive oils, form 
soaps with the alkalies, and 
thus, also, destroy their caustic 
effect. They should be given in 
large quantities. 

Epsom or Glauber's Salts, in solu- 
tion, or diluted sulphuric acid. 
The fixed oils also have the same 
effect as with the alkalies proper 
when not in a compound state. 

Starch, or wheat flour, in large 
quantities, well mixed with 
water. For Iodide of Potas- 
sium, there being no antidote, 
vomiting must be promoted by 
copious draughts of warm 
water. 

Astringent Infusions, as of galls, 
oak bark, Peruvian bark, or 
green tea, very strong. 

Hydrated Peroxide of Iron, in 
tablespoonful doses every 5 or 
10 minutes. See Ferri Oxidum 
Hydratum. 



194 



POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 



Poisons. 



Antidotes. — (Continued. ) 



Bismuth and its 
compounds. 

Copper and its 
compounds. 



Gold, salts of. 
Iron, salts of. 
Lead, salts of. 

Mercury, salts of. 

Silver, salts of. 
Tin, salts of. 
Zinc, salts of. 

Phosphorus. 

Gases. 



Freshly precipitated Magnesia, 
Demulcents, etc. 

Albumen. Copious draughts of 
milk, combined with sweet 
mucilaginous drinks. 

Albumen, as milk or whites of 
eggs in solution, should be free- 
ly administered. Vinegar must 
be avoided. 

Sulphate of Iron, with a free use 
of mucilaginous drinks. 

Carbonate of Soda, with mucilagi- 
nous drinks. 

Sulphate of Magnesia (Epsom 
salts), or diluted sulphuric 
acid. 

Albumen, as whites of eggs, milk, 
or wheat flour beaten up with 
water. 

Common salt (chloride of sodium) , 
largely given. 

Albumen. Whites of eggs, milk, 
or flour. 

Albumen, or carbonate of soda, 
with copious draughts of warm 
water, and especially milk. 

Magnesia with ^water, and copious 
draughts of mucilaginous 
drinks. 

Ammonia cautiously inhaled is 
recommended for chlorine. As- 
phyxia produced by carbonic 
acid or carbonic oxide gases or 
sulphuretted hydrogen, must 



POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 



195 



Poisons. 



Antidotes. — (Continued. 



Creasote. 

Alcohol or spiritu- 
ous liquors. 



Opium and other 
narcotics. 



be treated by copious effusions 
of cold water, especially to the 
head, bloodletting, artificial res- 
piration, stimulants carefully 
administered, etc. 

Albumen, or whites of eggs, milk 
or wheat flour. 

A powerful emetic should be 
given, followed by copious 
draughts of warm water. Con- 
gestion of the brain and other 
symptoms, to be treated on gen- 
eral principles. 

The chief reliance is to be placed 
on the most active emetics (as 
tartar emetic, sulphate of cop- 
per, or sulphate of zinc), and 
the stomach-pump. Emetics 
are preferable to the stomach- 
pump when the narcotic has 
been taken in substance. The 
patient should be kept in mo- 
tion, and cold water dashed on 
the head and shoulders. Blood- 
letting may become necessary 
to relieve congestion. After 
other remedies fail, artificial 
respiration should be resorted 
to. 

Strong hot coffee, a teacupful 
alternately with vinegar and 
water may be useful. 

Electro-magnetism has also been 
efficacious. 



196 POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 

Poisons. Antidotes. — Continued. 

Poisonous Ser- A cupping-glass over the wound, 
pents. or a tight ligature above it ; 

cauterization of wound. Warm 
diluent drinks >and small doses 
of ammonia to promote perspi- 
ration. Whiskey has been given 
in large doses. 
Bibron's antidote is as follows: 
R. Potass. Iodid., gr. iv; Hy- 
drarg. chlor. corros. , gr. ij ; Bro- 
ininii, 5 v. M. 10 drops in a 
tablespoonful of wine or brandy, 
repeated if necessary. 



- IX. 
HINTS ON TREATMENT. 



Abscess. 

1. Of brain. — Pain, vertigo, paralysis, etc. Treat- 
ment doubtful. 

2. Of external ear. — Pain, swelling, etc. Fomenta- 
tions, etc. 

3. Of tonsil. — Chill, fever, swelling, pain. Open 
toward median line. 

4. Betro-pharyngeal. — Fever, sore throat, swelling, 
etc. Puncture (Tracheotomy ?). 

5. Empyema. — Intercostal bulging, dull percussion, 
no murmur. Sinapism, Iod. Potas., Tapping, 
etc., Tonics. 

6. Hepatic. — Chills, hectic, pain, prostration, etc. 
Tonics. Puncture if parietal adhesion. 

General treatment of abscesses similar. Bella- 
donna, Sulphides. 

If strumous, chemical food (Phosphates of lime, 
iron, soda, and potass. , in syrup J and Cod-liver oil. 

Bladder Diseases. 

1. Irritability. — Analyze urine chemically and mi- 
croscopically, and trace disease to its source. 
Mucilaginous drinks, etc. 

2. Spasm. — Pain, suppression, tenesmus, etc. Hot 
bath, Camphor or poppy fomentations to peri- 
neum, or lotion of Tinct. Aconite, etc. Iodoform 
suppositories. 

197 



198 TREATMENT. 

3 Paralysis. — Retention, distention, pain, coma. 
Catheter, hip-bath, blisters, etc. 

4. Inflammation. — Catheter, fomentations, baths, 
opium, aconite, mucilages, tonics, etc. If chronic, 
buchu, cubebs, opiate suppositories, etc. 

5. Tumors and calculi. — Chloroform, hot baths, nar- 
cotics, astringents. Analyze urine. Examine 
surgically. Lithotomy. 

Blood Diseases. 

1. Ansemia. — Iron. Chemical food. Tonics. 

2. Chlorosis. — Good food and air, sea bathing. Cha- 
lybeates. Aloetic aperients. Hypophosphites. 

3. Hyperemia.. — Restricted diet, exercise, salines. 
Liq. potassa, Liq. arsenicalis, Tartar emetic, etc. 

4. Pyaemia. — Shivering, sweating, rapid pulse, diar- 
rhoea, pleurisy, peritonitis, etc. Death from 
prostration. Vapor bath. Quinine. Sulphites. 
Tonics. Stimulants. Ammonia, etc. 

5. Acholia (toxaemia from arrest of bile). — Nervous 
excitement. Typhoid prostration. Coma. Hem- 
orrhage. Sometimes jaundice. Purgatives. Croton 
oil. Hydrochlorate of ammonia. Nitro-hydro- 
chloric acid. 

6. Glucohsemia (Diabetes mellitus). — Symptoms in- 
sidious, feverishness, debility, excessive flow of 
urine, ends in phthisis, or some low form of in- 
flammation. Test urine for sugar. Diet free 
from starch, etc. Muriated TincK Iron, Citrate of 
Ammonia, and iron. Quinine, Pepsin, Aperients. 
Nitro- hydrochloric acid. Vapor bath. Flannel, 
etc. 

7. Uraemia (toxaemia from absorbed urea). — Dis- 
turbance of nerve centres. Convulsions. Coma. 
Albuminuria. Suppression of urine. Vapor bath. 
Acid sponging. Saline aperients. Elaterium. 



TEEATMENT. 199 

Croton oil. Enema of castor oil and turpentine. 
Stimulants. Pilocarpin, etc. 

8. Thrombosis — Embolism (fibrous coagula in blood 
vessel).— Support the vital powers, and allay irri- 
tability. 

9. Scurvy. — Lemon-juice. Fresh vegetables. Raw 
meat. Citric acid. Iron. Tannin, etc. 

10. Purpura. — Tendency to effusion, petechia, de- 
bility, etc. Treat as for scurvy. Ergot, turpen- 
tine, etc. 

Bone Diseases. 

1. Caries. — Constitutional disturbance. Deep-seated 
pain. Abscess. Fistulous openings. Probe leads 
to dead bone. Tonics. Iron. Cod-liver oil. 
Chemical food Phosphate of Lime Remove 
dead bone. Inject dilute Carbolic acid. 

2. Necrosis (dead bone inclosed in case of new bone; 
necrosis of superficial layer is exfoliation). —Oper- 
ation for removal of sequestrum. 

3. Periostitis. — Pain and tenderness, worse at night. 
Nodes, etc. Calomel and opium. Iodides. Iron. 
Blisters. Belladonna and mercury liniment. In- 
cisions. 

4. Rickets (softening of bone in children). — Animal 
food. Chemical food. Hypophosphite of lime. 
Milk. Cod-liver oil. Salt bath, etc. 

5. Coccyodynia (pain and tenderness of coccyx, often 
very chronic). — Remove uterine or ovarian dis- 
ease. Nerve tonics. Leeches. Hip-baths. Hypo- 
dermic injection of morphia. Subcutaneous section 
of muscles, or removal of bone. 

Brain Diseases. 

1. Apoplexy. — Care for the predisposition by tem- 
perance, exercise, cold affusion, etc. Bleeding if 



200 TEEATMENT. 

pulse full, hard and thrilling, but avoid it if 
tendency to syncope. Turpentine enema. Pedi- 
luvia. Croton oil, etc. 

2. Hydrocephalus. — Tonic regimen. Cod-liver oil. 
Salt baths. Rhubarb and magnesia. Quinine. 
Iodide of Iron, etc. If fontanelle depressed as in 
spurious hydrocephalus, Chemical food, raw meat, 
Beef tea, etc. Avoid purges. 

3. Concussion. — Distinguish from compression by 
easy breathing, and natural pupils, although in- 
sensible to light. In compression, there is snoring 
and dilated pupil ; in poisoning by opium, etc. , 
contracted pupil, livid countenance, etc. Stimu- 
lants till reaction. Cold to head. Croton oil. 
Enema. Rest, etc. 

4. Coup de Solid (sunstroke). — Faintness, vertigo, 
sickness, coma. Cold to head. Stimulants. Sin- 
apisms to extremities. Stimulant enema. Ice 
to spine. Friction. 

5. Meningitis. — Fever, pain, delirium, coma. Calo- 
mel and jalap. Croton oil, etc. Iod. Potass. Ice 
to head. Stimulants in collapse. 

6. Chronic Encephalitis (softening, etc.). — Vertigo, 
pain, failure of intellect, delusion, constipation, 
etc. Hygienic measures. Cod-liver oil. Blisters 
behind ears, etc. Analyze urine, lest diabetes, 
etc. , be mistaken for it. 

7. Alcoholism. — A degrading vice for which the 
person is responsible. Cured by total abstinence. 
Tonics, as Quinine, Pepsin, etc. In delirium tre- 
mens, Ammonia, Ether, Valerian, Morphia, Co- 
caine, Hydrate of Chloral. Laxatives, etc. 

8. Insanity (mania, melancholia, dementia). — Rest 
of mind. Sleep. Attend to functional derange- 
ment. 

9. Headache. — Treat according as it is organic, pie- 



TEEATMENT. 201 

thoric, bilious or nervous. Intermittent hemi- 
crania requires Quinine, etc. Broni. Potass. Cit. 
Caffeine, etc. 

10. Paralysis. — May be general, hemiplegic, para- 
plegic, local, rheumatic, from mercury, from lead, 
shaking palsy, progressive muscular atrophy, or 
progressive locomotor ataxy. Each variety re- 
quires careful study. Tonics. Ergot. Strychnia. 

11. Epilepsy, — In the fit, loosen dress, protect the 
tongue by a cork, etc. Cold affusion to head. 
Amyl Nitrite. In the interval, Bromide of Po- 
tassium. Nitro-glycerine. Quinine. Iron. Zinc. 
Ice bags to spine, etc. 

12. Aphasia (derangement of speech, often sudden, 
and with no real loss of intellect). — Eecovery 
spontaneous if no hemiplegia, otherwise gener- 
ally hopeless. Iod. Potass. 

Female Diseases. 

1. Vulval Disease. — Pruritus often needs general 
treatment and lotions of Acet. Plumbi, Borax, 
Morphia, and Glycerine, etc. Tumors require 
Surgery. Vulvitis needs cleanliness, hip-baths, 
Alum or lead lotions, morphia, etc. Infantile 
leucorrhcea is often strumous. 

2. Vaginal Disease. — Occlusion, prolapsus, and tu- 
mors require surgery. Vaginitis is acute or 
chronic. The first needs hot hip-baths, warm 
injections, pessaries of oxide of zinc and bella- 
donna, or acetate of lead and opium, etc. The 
chronic (leucorrhcea), mineral acids, Quinine, 
Iron, astringent applications, as Tannin, etc., 
Nit. Silver in solution, or Carbolic acid in Glycer- 
ine (gr. 10 to gj). 

3. Uterine Disease. — Cancer, displacements, tumors, 
etc., are surgical. Ulceration of the os needs 



202 TREATMENT. 

various treatment. Extent, etc., ascertained 
with speculum. Iodoform passed in the neck. 
Pessaries of Iod. Lead, Belladonna, Tannin, etc. 
Tonics. — In Menorrhagia, ice in vagina or over 
pubes ; injections of Tannin, Glycerine, etc.; 
Tampon; Acet. Lead, Opium, Alum, Nutmeg, 
Cinnamon, Ergot, Sulph. Acid, etc. — Metritis. 
Eepose, low diet, hot hip-baths, Opium and Bella- 
donna pessaries, Sinapisms to epigastrium, Ice, 
etc. 
4. Ovarian Disease. — Dropsical tumor may need 
ovariotomy; drugs worse than useless. Ovaritis 
treated same as Metritis. If abscess points in 
vagina open with trocar or bistoury. Chronic 
ovaritis is often tedious. Iod. Potass. , Bromide 
of Ammonium, Iron, Quinine, Gelseminum, etc. 

Fevers. 

1. Continued Fevers. — 1. Simple continued fever — 
indications are to moderate arterial excitement 
by aconite, saline laxatives, rest, and diet; to 
support the system when it flags; to obviate local 
inflammation and congestion, and to relieve 
urgent symptoms as they arise. 2. Typhus. 
Ventilation, disinfectants, etc. Tepid spong- 
ing. Cold to head. Beef tea. Stimulants, etc. 
Quinine, Iron, and Mineral acids during conva- 
lescence. 3. Typhoid — term often used improp- 
erly. Should be restricted to enteric fever. 
Treat similar to Typhus, but avoid aperients, 
and treat diarrhoea with astringents and opium. 
4. Eelapsing. Amends on 5th or 7th day and re- 
lapses about 14th. See simple fever. 

2. Intermittent Fevers. — Quinine in the intermission . 
The chief types are Quotidian, Tertian, and Quar- 
tan. 



TREATMENT. 203 

3. Remittent Fevers. — Treatment same as intermit- 
tent. In the severest form, or Yellow Fever, 
treat as Typhoid. Avoid Ammonia, and be 
cautions with Alcohol. 

4. Eruptive Fevers. — 1. Roseolae. Sometimes simu- 
lates measles, sometimes scarlatina. Citrate of 
magnesia. Warm baths, etc. 2. Measles. Rash 
in blotches. Catarrh, etc. Aconite. Milk diet. 
Castor oil. Inunction, etc. Watch pulmonary 
complications. 3. Scarlet fever. Acetate and 
Carbonate of Ammonia, Inunction, Stimulants, 
Tonics, etc. Watch sequelae, as ulceration of 
tonsils, abscess of ear, anasarca, albuminuria, 
etc. 4. Chicken-pox. Eruption of pimple? 
which on second day are transparent vesicles, 
forming scabs on fourth day. Pyrexia slight. 

5. Small-pox. Incubation 12 days, then fever 
and great backache, and in 48 hours an eruption 
of small red pimples which in a week inflame 
and suppurate. In simple cases the less drug- 
ging the better. In cases of depression, Quinine, 
Stimulants, etc. Vaccination. Collodion. 

Incubation. Eruption. Fading. 

Measles 10-14 days. 4th day. 7th day of fever. 
Scarlet fever 4-6 " 2d " 5th " u 

Small-pox 12 " 2d " Scabs on 9th or 10th, 

fall off about 14th. 

6. Erysipelas. Tincture of perchloride of iron. 
Aconite. Quinine. Fomentations. Solution of 
Sulphate of iron. Nit. Silver. Carbolic acid. 
Collodion. Iodine, etc. 

Heart Diseases. 

Pericarditis, known by friction sounds, etc. 
Endocarditis, by bellows murmur, etc. Valvu- 



204 TREATMENT. 

lar disease, by bellows or musical murmur — if 
synchronous with pulse and most audible at apex, 
mitral disease ; if not synchronous and most audi- 
ble over sternum and aorta, aortal disease. 

Hypertrophy leads to increased impulse, dysp- 
noea, palpitation, etc. Dilatation produces de- 
bility. Functional derangement of heart from 
hysteria, ansemia, neuralgia, etc., very common. 
Eequires antispasmodics, Ether, Nitrite of Amyl, 
Ammonia, Digitalis, etc. 

Intestinal Diseases. 

1. Colic — from indigestion and flatulence. Ether. 
Ammonia. Brandy. Vomiting. Purging. Cas- 
tor oil and laudanum Opiates— from mineral 
poison, Sulphate Magnesia, Sulphuric Acid, etc. 

2. Diarrhoea. — Castor oil and laudanum. Calomel, 
etc. Afterward Astringents, Alkalies, Bismuth, 
etc. 

3. Obstruction.— Castor oil. Croton oil. Enema. 
Fomentations. Manipulation. 

4. Duodenal Dyspepsia. — Pain, faintness, etc., about 
three hours after eating. Mercury. Nitromuri- 
atic acid, etc. 

5. Enteritis. — Rest. Opium. Calomel. Fomenta- 
tions, etc. 

6. Dysentery. — Eest. Demulcent drinks. Farina- 
ceous food. Poultices. Castor oil. Opiate enema 
and suppositories. Mercury. Bismuth. Gallic 
acid, etc. 

7. Cholera.— Isolation. Disinfectants. Sinapisms. 
Stimulants, etc. Spinal ice-bags for cramps. 

8. Haemorrhoids. — External, should be excised. In- 
ternal, removed by ligature. Attention to di- 
gestion, and laxatives relieve. Gallic acid. 
Hamamelis. Opium. Carbolic acid, etc. 



TBEATMENT. 205 

Kidney Diseases. 

1. Nephritis. — Hot hip-baths. Fomentations. Mild 
aperients. Diaphoretics, etc. 

2. Chronic Nephritis (Blight's disease, etc.). — Ex- 
amine urine for Albumen. See Uraemia. ■ 

3. Diabetes. — See Glucohaemia. 

4. Chylous urine. — Gallic acid. Iron, etc. 

5. Hsematuria. — Examine cause. Tinct. Iron. Gallic 
acid. Ice to loins, perineum, etc. 

Laryngeal and Tracheal Diseases. 

1. Aphonia. — Functional: Quinine, Iron, Nux 
Vomica, etc. Organic: Nit. Silver. Spray of as- 
tringent fluids, etc. 

2. Laryngitis. — Acute: Antiphlogistic treatment. 
Warm moist air. Inhalation of stramonium, bella- 
donna, etc. Tracheotomy. Chronic: Nit. Silver. 
Inhalation of medicated spray. Alteratives. 
Tonics. Aconite. Cocaine. 

3. Laryngismus stridulus. — In paroxysm, warm bath 
with cold affusion to head and face. Chloroform. 
Brom. Potass. Spinal ice-bag. 

4. Dysphonia Clericorum (Follicular disease of pha- 
ryngo-laryngeal membrane — often nervous). — 
Quinine and Iron. Cocaine. Cold shower-baths. 
Iod. Potass. Iodohydrargyrate of Potass. Inha- 
lation of atomized alterative or astringent fluids. 
Sponging the larynx with Glycerine of Tannin, 
or with Nit. Silver (40-60 grs. of crystals togj 
water) . Excise tonsils. 

5. Diphtheria (Exudation of false membrane with 
low fever). — Inhalation of acid vapor. Lactic 
acid. Solution of hydrochloric acid, chlorinated 
water, nitrate of silver, etc. Tinct. Iron and 



206 TREATMENT. 

Quinine. Boracic acid and Glycerine. Chlorate 
Potass. Ice, etc. Sometimes Tracheotomy. 
6. Croup. — Spasmodic: Warm bath. Alum. Emet- 
ics. Aconite. Membranous: Emetics, Calomel. 
Belladonna to throat outside. Inhalations of ! 
warm vinegar, etc. Tracheotomy. 

Liver Diseases. 

1. Hepatic congestion. — Passive: Sulphate and Ci- 
trate Magnesia. Senna. Taraxacum, etc. Active: 
Podophyllum. Nitro-hydrochloric acid. Aloes, 
Senna, and Jalap, etc. 

2. Hepatitis. — Rest in bed. Fomentations. Re- 
stricted diet. Sulphate of Soda and Taraxacum. 
Opium, etc. When chronic: Nitro-hydrochloric 
acid. Hydrochlorate of Ammonia, etc. 

3. Biliary calculi. — Hot baths. Fomentations. 
Morphia. Chloroform. Castor oil, etc. 

4. Jaundice. — From suppression: Sulphate of Soda 
and Taraxacum. Podophyllum. Hydrochlorate 
of Ammonia, etc. From obstruction: Podophyl- 
lum. Aloes. Croton oil. Sulphate of Magnesia. 
Fel Bovinum. Phosphate of Soda, etc. 

Lung Diseases. 

1. Catarrh. — Warm bath. Dover's powder. Purge. 
Aconite. Chloride of Ammonium. 

2. Influenza. — Rest. Diet of slops. Inhalation of 
vapor, Iodine or Belladonna spray. Sulphate 
Magnesia and Senna. Diaphoretic mixture. Qui- 
nine, etc. , after. 

3. Bronchitis. — Acute: Aconite. Chloride of Ammo- 
nium. Chronic: To be treated according to its 
nature. If secretion excessive: Alum, Squills, 
Ammonia, etc. Inhalation of atomized fluids, 
Carbolic acid, Tinct. Benzoin, etc. 



TBEATMENT. 207 

4. Hooping-cough. — Ipecac, if much mucus. Senega. 
Nitric acid. Tinct. Aconite (1-2 minims). Bella- 
donna liniment to spine. Alum and ginger. Brom. 
Potass., Lobelia, etc. 

5. Asthma. — During paroxysm, a stimulant emetic 
or enema. Aconite, Chloral, Nitrite of Amyl. 
Ammonia and Ether. Stimulants. Tobacco. 
Datura Tatula cigars. Nitre-paper fumes, etc. 
In intervals, tonics, shower-bath, etc. Inhalation 
of spray of Vin Ipecac, Alum, etc. Grindelia. 

6. Emphysema. — Invigorating diet, warm clothing. 
Carb. Ammonia. Chloral. Ether. Quinine. Ar- 
senic. Iron. Stramonium smoking. Warm climate, 
etc. 

7. Pleurisy. — Rest. Fomentations. Cupping. Ape- 
rients. Opium. Aconite. Cream of Tartar 
Quinine. Pilocarpin for effusion. 

8. Pleurodynia (neuralgic pain in side). — Belladon- 
na and opium liniment. Sinapisms, etc 

9. Pneumonia. — Acute: Rest. Moist air. Aconite. 
Acetate of Ammonia. Opium. Tartarized Anti- 
mony. Veratrum viride. Fomentations, etc. 
Chronic: Iod. Potass. Iod. Iron. Hydrochlorate 
Ammonia. Cod-liver oil, etc. 

10. Pulmonary gangrene. — Ammonia. Quinine. 
Iron, etc. 

11. Phthisis. — Nutritious animal food. Hypophos- 
phites. Stimulants. Cod-liver oil. Iron. Qui- 
nine. Inhalations, etc. 

12. Hemoptysis. — Salt. Mineral acids. Ergot. 
Opium. Inhalation of perchloride of Iron, Alum, 
Hamamelis, etc. 

Stomach Diseases. 
1. Dyspepsia. — Invigorating means. Rest. Early 
hours. Sea-bathing. Disuse of tobacco and alco- 



208 TKEATMENT. 

hol. Avoid indigestible food. Pepsin. Iron. 
Oxgall. Nitro -hydrochloric acid. Nux Vomica. 
Bismuth. Quinine, etc. Bismuth, Bicarb. Soda, 
etc. , for gastralgia. Cod-liver oil, etc , for bulimia. 

2. Gastritis. — Acute: Ice. Enema. Morphia. Fo- 
mentations. Great care in diet. Chronic: Low 
diet. Ice. Bismuth, etc. 

3. Gastric catarrh ( u bilious attack " — " sick head- 
ache "). — Seidlitz powders. Rhubarb. Ipecac. 
Mercury and chalk. Sulphite of Soda. Bismuth, 
etc 

4. Hdematemesis. — Rest. Ice. Alum. Tinct. Iron. 
Quinine and Iron, etc. Enema of beef tea and 
brandy. 

Venereal Diseases. 

1. Balanitis. — Cleanliness. Astringent lotions, etc. 

2. Gonorrhoea. — Acute: Rest. Aconite. Active 
purgatives. Mild astringent injections. Camphor 
(5 grs.) and belladonna (J gr.) pill at bedtime for 
chordee. Oil of yellow sandalwood, etc. Chronic 
(gleet) : Temperance. Infusion of uva ursi. In- 
jections of infusion of Hydrastis Canadensis, 
Alum, Tannin, etc, Lallemand's porte-caustic. 
Tonics, etc. 

3. Syphilis. — 1. Primary. For indurated chancre, a 
mercurial course. Soft chancres, caustic of acid 
nitrate of mercury, Monsel's salts. Iodoform. 
Astringent lotions. Iron tonics and nourishing 
food. Phagedenic chancre: soothing lotions and 
poultices. Iron. Iod. Potass, and Sarsaparilla. 
Sloughing chancre: fomentations and poultices. 
Opium. Nourishment. Stimulants. 2. Consti- 
tutional: light nutritious diet. Warm baths. 
Blue pill. Calomel. Iodide of Mercury. Iodide 
of Potass, etc. 



X. 
TABLE OF SYMPTOMS. 



A.— TOPOGRAPHICAL. 
1.— General Aspect of Patient. 

I. Attitude. 

Unusual languor — invasion of acute disease — course 
of chronic ones. 

Unnatural boldness — insanity — delirium . 

General immobility — catalepsy. 

Irregular and perpetual movement — chorea. 

Distorted features, altered position and impaired mo- 
tion of limbs — hemiplegia. 

Tonic spasm of trunk — tetanus. 

II. Decubitus. 

Constantly dorsal — cerebral apoplexy, organic disease 
of brain and spinal marrow, acute peritonitis, gen- 
eral articular rheumatism. 

Prone —generally in gastric, intestinal, hepatic and* 
renal colic. 

Lateral — some stages of pleurisy or pneumonia (not 
general) ; in consumption, when one lung is affected, 
the diseased side is usually lain on. 

Sitting — diseases of heart and lungs, which interfere 
with respiration. 

Head thrown back— laryngeal and tracheal disease. 

Eestlessness, jactitation, etc. — the invasion of acute 
14 209 



210 SYMPTOMS. 

inflammation, idiopathic fevers, many affections of 
children, delirium and acute mania. 

III. Volume of Body. 
General enlargement — anasarca, or emphysema from 
a wound of the chest. 

2.— Signs furnished, by Head, Face and 
Neck. 

Head bent to one side — convulsions, hemiplegia, tor- 
ticollis, dislocation of cervical vertebra, cervical 
glandular swellings, cicatrices of neck, after burns. 

Head bent forward — vertebral malformation. 

Head bent back — diseases with dyspnoea, as croup, 
laryngismus stridulus, suffocative catarrh, etc. 
Tetanus, spinal meningitis of neck. 

Cranium increased in size— chronic hydrocephalus — 
hypertrophied brain. 

(Edematous scalp — erysipelas, smallpox. 

Facies stupida (dull expression)— r typhoid fever. 

Facies vultuosa (full, red face, injected eyes) — cardiac 
hypertrophy, cerebral congestion. 

Pinched countenance (opposite of last) — acute perito- 
nitis, in health, from exposure to severe cold. 

Facies hippocratica — in chronic diseases just before 
death, in unusually prolonged acute disease. 

3.— Physiognomical Rugae. 

Eugae transversa^ (in forehead) — excessive pain rising 
externally. 

E. oculo-frontales (from forehead vertically to root of 
nose) — distress, anxiety, anguish, and severe in- 
ternal pain. In acute diseases, an imperfect or 
false crisis, impending efflorescence, and often fatal 
termination. Linea oculo-zygomatic (from inner 



SYMPTOMS. 211 

angle of the eye below the cheek bone) — in children 
a cerebral or nervous affection ; in adults, disorder 
or abuse of the generative organs. 

Linea nasalis (from upper border of ala nasi, curved 
to outer margin of the orbicularis oris) — strongly- 
marked in phthisis and atrophy, inferior part indi- 
cates gastric disease, upper part affection of the 
upper part of intestine. Conjointly with retrac- 
tion of the cheek, and with the L. oculo-zygomatica, 
the eyes being fixed and complexion wan, an indi- 
cation of worms. 

L. labialis (from angle of mouth to lower part of 
face) — in children, a thoracic affection with dysp- 
noea. 

L. collateralis nasi (in a semicircular direction toward 
the chin, external to last two) — chronic and obsti- 
nate disease of thoracic or abdominal viscera. 

(Edema of face and eyelids — albuminuria, sometimes 
in anaemia. 

Transient redness or flushing of face — women suffer- 
ing from menstrual irregularity, and at the critical 
period. 

Hectic flush — phthisis, wasting, chronic affections. 

Paleness of face — cold stage of fever, and acute in- 
flammation, chronic diseases, especially Bright' s 
disease, in convalescence. 

Dingy white or greenish face — anaemia. 

Yellow tint — jaundice. 

Yellow at labial commissures and alae nasi — slight 
hepatic derangement. 

Citron tint — in cancerous affections. 

Bluish hue — impeded venous circulation, as in as- 
phyxia, Asiatic cholera, typhus fever, cyanosis. 

Slate color — from the use of Nit. Silver. 

Perpetual motion of eyelids — some cases of mania 
and idiocy. 



212 SYMPTOMS. 

Forcible closure of eyelids — photophobia. 

Eyelids open — injury of portio-dura from paralysis 
of the orbicularis. 

Paralysis of upper lip — lesion of third pair of nerves. 

Epiphora (flowing of tears over the cheek) — obstruc- 
tion of lachrymal duct, in initial stage of ophthal- 
mia, and some neuralgic affections of the eye, pres- 
ence of a foreign body. 

Nostrils dilating forcibly and rapidly — difficult respi- 
ration. 

Itching nostrils — in children a sign of intestinal 
worms. 

4. — Region of the Throat. 

Enlarged — some anginose affections, in the first 
months of pregnancy, and at the approach of pu- 
berty in females. 

Violent pulsation of carotid arteries — acute mania, 
cerebral inflammation, hypertrophy of heart with 
dilatation of right ventricle, anaemia, sometimes 
typhoid fever. 

Pulsation of arteria innominata (above the sternum, 
in front and to the right of the trachea) — aortic 
regurgitation. 

Circumscribed swellings — glandular enlargements. 

5.— Region of the Chest. 

General expansion of one side — large pleuritic effu- 
sion. 

Bulging of base of lung — gravitating pleuritic effusion. 

Bulging at anterior superior parts of chest— emphy- 
sema. 

Bulging in right hypochondrium — enlargement of 
liver. 

Bulging in precordial region — effusion into pericar- 
dium, or hypertrophy of heart. 



SYMPTOMS. 213 

Tumor about the junction of third rib, with right side 
of sternum — aneurism of ascending aorta. 

Tumor between the base of scapula and the spine — 
aneurism of descending aorta. 

Eetraction of one side ^usually the left) — after absorp- 
tion of pleuritic effusion. 

Depression or local retraction — absorption of circum- 
scribed effusion, phthisis. 

Respiration increased (healthy standard about 20 a 
minute) — dyspnoea, as in spasmodic asthma. 

Respiration diminished — pleurisy and pleurodynia, 
paralysis of respiratory muscles, pneumonia, em- 
physema, pneumothorax, phthisis, etc. 

Respiration jerking — spasmodic, asthma, obstruction 
of larynx and trachea, pleurodynia. 

Respiration costal — abdominal inflammation and dia- 
phragmatic pleurisy. 

6.— Abdominal Region. 

General increase of volume — ascites, meteorism, tym- 
panites (these latter known by resonance, and occur 
in adynamic diseases, peritonitis, intestinal obstruc- 
tion, hysteria, etc.). 

Enlargement of hypochondria, — diseases of liver or 
spleen. 

Enlargement in epigastrium — hysteria and cancer of 
stomach. 

Enlargement in hypogastrium — distention of bladder, 
ovarian tumors, fecal accumulation, etc. 

Diminished size — in most chronic diseases, as chronic 
dysentery, in lead colic (with hard muscles). 

7.— Genital Organs. 
Enlarged penis in children — vesical calculus, mastur- 
bation. 



214 SYMPTOMS. 

Cartilaginous hardness of corpora cavernosa — from 
onanism. 

Retraction of testicles — renal calculus. 

Distended scrotum — hydrocele, hematocele, sarcocele. 

Enlarged labia majora — general dropsy, local affec- 
tions. 

8. — Extremities. 
Immovable — paralysis. 

Contracted and rigid — softening of brain, etc. 
(Edematous — from embarrassed circulation. 
Articulations swollen — rheumatism, hydrarthrosis, 

white swelling, etc. 
Diminished in size — paralysis. 

B.— PHYSIOLOGICAL. 
1.— Functions of the Nervous System. 

I. Sensation. 

Morbidly augmented — acute inflammatory affections 
of brain and spinal marrow, idiopathic fevers, hys- 
teria. 

Tensile pain — phlegmonous inflammation. 

Dull, heavy pain — enlarged viscera, internal tumor, 
effusion in serous cavities, in the loins previous to 
menstrual and hemorrhoidal discharges. 

Smarting pain — skin deprived of cuticle, or under 
influence of irritants. 

Lancinating pain — cancer and neuralgia. 

Boring pain — constitutional syphilis, rheumatism, 
gout, inflammation of periosteum, etc. 

Contusive pain — from bruises, in acute diseases. 

Itching and formication — cutaneous disorder. 

Exaltation of vision — ophthalmia, inflammation of 
brain and meninges, some nervous affections. 



SYMPTOMS. 215 

Muscat volitantes — affection of brain and optic nerve, 
dyspepsia. 

Hearing painfully acute — cerebral inflammation, hys- 
teria. 

Hearing obtuse — in typhus fever. 

II. Voluntary Motion. 

Increase of strength — acute disorder, with delirium, 
cerebral inflammation, mania. 

Debility — in most diseases. 

Paralysis — indicative of lesion of brain or spinal mar- 
row, as apoplexy, spinal softening, etc., or of injury 
to a nervous trunk, or it may be functional, as in 
some cases of hysteria. 

Trembling — cold stage of fever, nervous affections, 
ataxic fevers, in old persons, action on the system 
of lead, mercury, strong coffee, alcoholic liquor, 
tobacco and opium. 

Rigidity of limbs — in upper extremities, a symptom 
of softening of the brain, cerebral extravasation, 
hysteria. 

III. Reflex or Excito-motory System. 

Cramp — pregnant women, hysteria, painter's colic, 
etc. 

Tetanus (another form of tonic spasm) — may be tris- 
mus when the muscles of mastication are affected, 
emprosthotonos, with the body bent forward, opis- 
thotonos, if bent backward, and pleurosthotonos, 
with lateral curvature. 

Clonic or temporary spasm — seen in convulsions of 
children, in hysteria, and some affections of the 
brain, in subsultus tendinum taking place in acute, 
ataxic diseases, in hiccough, etc. 

Morbid rhythmical movements — disease of cerebellum 
or its commissures. 



216 SYMPTOMS. 

Reflected or sympathetic sensations, as pain at extrem- 
ity of penis from calculus of bladder, pain in right 
shoulder from congested liver, in left shoulder from 
disordered stomach, etc., are numerous. 

IV. Intellect. 

Exaltation of affections — hypochondriasis. 

Abolition of moral sensibility — mania, typhus fever. 

Illusion and hallucination — insanity. 

Exaltation of intellect— melancholia, sometimes at 
close of life. 

Enfeebled intellect— typhus fever. 

Delirium — diseases of brain and its meninges, typhus 
fever, the exanthemata; diseases of chest and abdo- 
men. 

Insomnia — mania, etc. 

Drowsiness — typhoid fever, some affections of the 
brain, etc. 

2.— Function of Respiration. 
I. Dyspncea. 

1. FROM THE ACCESS OF PUEE AIR IMPEDED. 

a. Mechanical. 

Rigidity of parts — cartilages ossified, pleura indurated, 
rickety distortion. 

Pressure of parts — tumors or dropsies of abdomen. 

Obstructions of air-tubes — effusions, swellings, or 
tumors pressing on them, spasms of glottis or 
bronchi. 

Compression of lungs — effusions or tumors in pleural 
sac, in pleurisy, hydrothorax, pneumothorax, aneu- 
rism, etc. 

Alteration in tissue of lungs — enlargement of the ves- 



SYMPTOMS. 217 

sels, effusions, as oedema, hepatization, tubercle, 
etc. , altered structure, or emphysema, dilated bron- 
chi, vomica, etc. 

b. Chemical. 

Deficiency of oxygen in the air— mephitic gas, rarefied 
air. 

c. Vital. 

Pain of parts moved in respiration — pleurodynia, 
pleuritis, peritonitis, etc. 

Paralysis of muscles — injury of spinal marrow. 

Weakness of muscles — prostration in ataxic fever, etc. 

Spasm of muscles — tetanus, spasmodic asthma. 

2. FEOM THE STATE OF THE BLOOD, 
a. Mechanical. 
Obstruction to the passage of blood — diseases of heart 
and great vessels, tumors pressing on them. 

b. Chemical. 
An excessive venous state — violent exertion. 
Deficiency of red particles— anaemia, chlorosis. 

3. FEOM THE NERVOUS RELATION OF PAETS. 

Excessive sensibility of par vagum — hysteric dyspnoea, 
cerebral fevers. 

Defective sensibility of par vagum — coma, narcot- 
ism, etc. 

II. Cough. 

Hollow or barking — in last stage of consumption, 
chronic bronchitis, in some nervous affections. 

Sharp or ringing— in croup. 

Hoarse — incipient catarrh, chronic laryngitis, angi- 
nous affections. 



218 SYMPTOMS. 

Wheezing — asthma. 

Belching — some disease of larynx. 

Paroxysmal — whooping-cough, hysteria. 

On auscultation, bronchial (harsh, rapidly evolved, 
concentrated)— phthisis, pneumonia, pleurisy, dila- 
tation of bronchi. 

On auscultation, cavernous (hollow) — tubercular ex- 
cavation, dilated bronchi. 

On auscultation, amphoric (metallic or ringing) — 
broncho-pleural fistula, large, tubercular excava- 
tion. 

III. EXPECTOBATION. 

Scanty — first stage of acute affections of lungs. 

Copious — decline of acute diseases of air-passages or 
lungs, in chronic affections. 

Serous or watery — forming stage of bronchitis, pulmo- 
nary congestion and vesicular emphysema. 

Mucous — bronchitis and pneumonia. 

Purulent — phthisis, third stage of pneumonia. 

Nummular (like coin) — tubercular phthisis, bronchi- 
tis of measles, occasionally in chronic bronchitis. 

Flocculent, muco-purulent — advanced phthisis. 

Tubular — plastic bronchitis, pneumonia. 

Whitish — beginning of acute affections of the lungs. 

Yellowish or greenish — acute bronchitis. 

Eusty — pneumonia. 

Putrid smell — gangrene of lungs. 

Faint and sweetish smell — bronchitis, and first stage 
of phthisis. 

Alliaceous odor — broncho-pleural fistula. 

IV. Pain. 
Dull, heavy, aching, round the base of the chest — 

acute bronchitis. 
Soreness in sternal region, and between the shoulders 

— acute bronchitis. 



SYMPTOMS. 219 

Sharp, lancinating, sudden, usually below the nipple 

— pleuritic. 
Darting from anterior part of chest to interscapular 

region — in phthisis. 
Constant pain between the shoulders — in phthisis, 

chlorosis, other chronic diseases. 

V. Effects of Percussion. 

Increased clearness of sound — in pneumothorax and 
emphysema. 

Dullness of sound — pneumonia, pleurisy, phthisis, 
hydrothorax, etc. 

Wooden sound — chronic pleurisy, with dense mem- 
branes. 

Tympanitic — pneumothorax and emphysema. 

Tubular — pleuritic effusion, tubercular excavation. 

Amphoric — (imitated by filliping the inflated cheek) 
— tubular cavities. 

Cracked metal sound — cavities near the surface. 

VI. Effects of Auscultation. 

Exaggerated respiration — in portion of lungs adjoin- 
ing those unfit for respiration. 

Weak respiration — from obstruction to entrance of 
air to the part. 

Suppressed respiration — when mucus clogs up a large 
bronchus. 

Jerking respiration — incipient pleurisy, spasmodic 
asthma, tuberculous infiltration. 

Incomplete respiration (inspiratory murmur de- 
ficient) — spasmodic asthma. 

Bronchial respiration (like the top of sternum and 
root of lung naturally) — in pneumonia, tubercles, 
etc. 

Cavernous and amphoric — tuberculous excavation. 



220 SYMPTOMS. 

Dry Bhonchi. 

Sibilant — in bronchitis, from modified calibre of air- 
cells. 

Sonorous — in bronchitis, from modified calibre of air- 
cells. 

Dry, crackling (few in number, coexisting with inspi- 
ration) — first stage of phthisis. 

Humid Bhonchi. 

Crepitation (imitated by rubbing a lock of hair be- 
tween the fingers near the ear) — pneumonia in stage 
of engorgement and of resolution. 

Subcrepitant (more moist than last) — in capillary 
bronchitis, pneumonia at resolution, pulmonary 
apoplexy, oedema of lung. 

Mucous — bubbling through liquid in bronchi of large 
size. 

Cavernous or gurgling — same as last, but in the pul- 
monary excavation. 

Friction-sound — from diseased pleura. 

Diminished vocal resonance — in vesicular emphysema, 
pneumothorax. 

Exaggerated vocal resonance, or bronchophony — tuber- 
cle, pneumonia in stage of hepatization. 

iEgophony (nasal tone like a bleat of a goat) — pleu- 
ritic effusion. 

Pectoriloquy (resonance, as in a hollow, and trans- 
mitted in articulate words) — tubercular caverns, 
and dilated bronchi. 

Metallic, tickling sound (imitated by striking gently 
a hollow glass vessel with a pin) — in pneumo-hy- 
drothorax, with bronchial fistula, in some excava- 
tions of the lungs. 



SYMPTOMS. 221 

3.— Circulatory Functions. 
I. Auscultation of the Heart. 

a. Its Impulse. 

(Is correspondent with the pulse at the wrist, unless 
mechanical impediments exist.) 

Strong — in fevers and inflammations. 

Small vibratile — after hemorrhage, in ansemia, etc. 

Full, strong, heaving, and somewhat diffused — hyper- 
trophy. 

Still more powerful, felt over the whole precordial 
region — hypertrophy with dilatation. 

Feeble and diffused — ventricular dilatation. 

Sharp, concentrated — in anaemia or nervous persons, 
atrophy of the muscular walls of the heart with 
fatty degeneration. 

Visible at scrobiculus cordis — obstruction anterior to 
tricuspid valve. 

Visible at scrobiculus cordis, as well as between the 
ribs of left side — disease of mitral valve. 

b. ItsBhythm. 

(The natural rhythm is a long sound, a short sound, 
and an interval.) 

Altered rhythm — most frequent cause is valvular 
change, dilatation of heart and atrophy of walls of 
ventricles, effusions into the pericardium. 

c. Its Sound. 

(Natural sound represented by lub-tub lub-tub.) 
Louder and clearer — dilatation of the cavities, with 

thinning of the walls, without valvular disease. 
Clearer, but not louder — muscular atrophy of the 

parietes. 
Decreased sounds — impeded action, hypertrophy. 



222 SYMPTOMS. 

(Unnatural sounds, or murmurs.) 
Endocardial (or blowing murmurs, bellows murmur, 
rasping murmur, filing murmur, musical murmur) 
— indicative of valvular lesions, of diseased blood, 
as anaemia, of nervous disease of heart. 
Exocardial (rubbing murmur and its varieties) — peri- 
carditis, from the attrition of roughened surfaces. 

II. Character of the Pulse. 
a. As to its Force and Intensity. 

Strong, resists compression by the finger. In inflam- 
matory affections, especially of the parenchyma of 
the solid viscera, as lungs and liver, in the active 
hemorrhages. In plethoric and strong individuals, 
any derangement of circulation will cause it. 

Weak (easily compressible) — disease with prostration, 
nervous and chronic affections, especially when 
caused by perverted nutrition, produced by fear, 
diseases of old men, women, and children. 

Full, volume of artery seems increased — natural 
pulse of plethoric and tall persons, diseases with 
strong pulse, cerebral congestion and apoplexy, 
cardiac disease. 

Small, opposite of full — often from narrowing of aortic 
orifice, in the serous phlegmasiae, as peritonitis, 
pericarditis, inflammations of stomach, intestines, 
bladder, etc., in hysteria, hypochondriasis and other 
nervous affections, in chlorosis, in cold stage of 
fevers, diseases with violent paroxysms of pain, a 
symptom of adynamic and ataxic diseases, and of 
purulent resorption. 

Corded (hard, sharp, or contracted, giving a vibratory 
sensation to the fingers) — in the membranous phleg- 
masiae, sanguine congestions, active hemorrhages, 
neurosis, lead colic, etc. 



SYMPTOMS. 223 

Soft (compressible or liquid, yields readily to press- 
ure) — in adynamic affections. 

b. As to its Rhythm. 

Frequent— febrile and inflammatory disease, hemor- 
rhages, etc. 

Slow or infrequent — apoplexy, acute tubercular men- 
ingitis, some adynamic affections, sometimes in dis- 
eases of heart. 

Unequal (dicrotous or double in beat) — convales- 
cence. 

4. — Function of Digestion. 

Tongue diminished in size (generally also trembling 
and dry) — typhus and other lo^t fevers. 

Tongue coated, etc. — Dr. Louis' observations indicate 
that the tongue does not show the true state of the 
stomach. This is a subject worthy of further in- 
vestigation. 

Appetite voracious— pregnancy, hysteria and insanity. 

Appetite diminished — most acute diseases. 

Thirst increased — acute affections, especially of stom- 
ach and bowels — after hemorrhages, in diabetes. 

Thirst abolished— some cerebral diseases with coma. 

Vomiting — beginning of acute inflammatory and feb- 
rile affections, early pregnancy, in colic, cerebral 
diseases, hernia. 

Pain aggravated by pressure — inflammation of vis- 
cera, peritonitis. 

Pain relieved by pressure — overdistention, neuralgia, 
colic. 

Tormina — acute colic. 

Tenesmus — in dysentery. 

Faeces watery — serous diarrhoea, Asiatic cholera. 

Faeces mucous (like white of egg)— chronic inflam- 
mation of the colon. 



224 SYMPTOMS. 

Faeces hard and scybalous — constipation, colic, cancer 
of stomach, etc. 

Faeces clay color — deficiency of bile. 

Faeces yellow or dark brown — excess of bile. 

Faeces dark green — from bile, after calomel in chil- 
dren. 

Faeces red or streaked with blood — dysentery; when 
the blood is dark, and mixed with the faeces, it is 
usually from the upper part of the intestinal canal. 

Faeces pitchy black — melaena. 

Faeces pure blood, unattended with colic — haemor- 
rhoids. 

Faeces semi-transparent and colorless, with whitish 
clots (like rice-water or turbid whey) — Asiatic 
cholera. • 

Faeces black — from iron as medicine. 

Faeces with shreds of false membrane — dysentery and 
diarrhoea, biliary or intestinal calculi, worms, etc. 

Faeces with fat — diabetes, phthisis. 

Faeces fetid — adynamic diseases. 

5. — Urinary Secretion. 

Suppression or diminution — most inflammatory and 
febrile diseases, dropsy. 

Eetention in the bladder — from paralysis, typhoid 
fever, hysteria, etc. 

Increased amount — diabetes, cold stage of fevers, hys- 
teria, from various passions of the mind. 

Urine darker than usual in inflammatory affections ; if 
much blood is abstracted during their progress, it 
becomes clearer; at the height of the inflammation 
it is clear and deeply colored; when it subsides, 
there is a yellow or reddish sediment of uric acid 
and urates. 

Deposits of uric acid (red or yellow sand sediments) 
— fever, acute inflammation, rheumatism, phthisis, 



SYMPTOMS. 225 

all the grades of dyspepsia, disease attended with 
arrest of perspiration, diseases of genital apparatus, 
from blows and strains of the loins, excessive indul- 
gence in animal food, too little exercise. 

Deposits of earthy phosphates (white sediment) — in- 
dicate a depressed state of the nervous energy of 
serious importance. 

Deposits of oxalate of lime — digestive derangement. 

Urine containing blood — hemorrhage of kidneys or 
urinary tract. 

Albuminous urine — Bright' s disease, dropsy after 
scarlatina, etc. 

Mucous urine— irritated or inflamed state of genito- 
urinary mucous membrane. 

Sugar in urine — dyspepsia; when excessive, diabetes 
mellitus. 

6. — Perspiration. 

Profuse — acute rheumatism, decline of acute inflam- 
mations and fevers (the latter often critical) . 

Diminished — early stage of acute disease, dropsy, 
diabetes. 

Mght sweats — phthisis (profuse, debilitating). 

Excessive acid odor — (rheumatism, gout). 

Odor fetid — some adynamic fevers. 

Odor mouldy — measles, scarlet fever. 

Odor ammoniacal — sometimes in typhoid fever. 

Odor peculiar in insanity. 

Odor of chlorine or rottenstone — miliary. 

7.— -Animal Heat. 
General heat of surface — in fevers. 
External local heat — in inflammation. 
Forehead hot — cephalalgia. 
Scalp hot — cerebral disease. 

Integument of chest hot — thoracic inflammation. 
15 



226 SYMPTOMS. 

Hands and feet hot — phthisis. 

Peculiar acrid heat (burning the applied hand) — in 
typhus fever. 

Chill — initial of fever, and of the phlegmasia^ partic- 
ularly pneumonia. 

Temperature generally low — from languid circulation. 

Coldness of hands and feet — in nervous and anaemic 
persons. 



LIBRARY Oh CONGHLW 




